Osimiri Ulanga
Osimiri Ulanga, nke a makwaara dị ka Osimiri Kilombero, na-ebili n'ugwu ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke mpaghara Morogoro, Tanzania, na ndagwurugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke East African Rift. Osimiri ahụ na-asọba n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ n'akụkụ ókèala ugwu ọwụwarị nke mpaghara Lindi tupu ọ banye na Osimiri Rufiji. Rufiji na-emesị banye n'Oké Osimiri India n'ụsọ oké osimiri ndịda nke Ógbè Pwani.
Ọdịdị ala
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ndagwurugwu Ulanga bụ usoro okike na-enweghị nsogbu nke nwere ọtụtụ osimiri, nke mejupụtara nnukwu ala mmiri dị ala n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka. Osimiri Ulanga na-enye ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke mmiri Rufiji.[1] Osimiri Ulanga sitere na njikọta nke nnukwu osimiri ndị si n'ebe ndịda, nke na-esi n'ebe ugwu nke ugwu nke mpaghara Njombe na Iringa na ndagwurugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke East African Rift na ndịda site na Ugwu Udzungwa na Ugwu Mahenge. Site n'ebe ndịda Osimiri Ruhudji na-efe n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, na-ebelata ịdị elu ngwa ngwa, ruo n'isi nnukwu ala mmiri nke Ndagwurugwu Ulanga. Ala mmiri ahụ dị larịị nke Ndagwurugwu Ulanga na 210-250 m.a.s.l. Ndagwurịta okwu ahụ chere ihu n'ebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ, n'etiti oke ọhịa dị na Ugwu Udzungwa, nke dị mita 2,250 n'elu ala ndagwurugwu (7°47′0′′S 36°36′0′′E / 7.78333°S 36.60000°E / - 36.00060000°36000), n'akụkụ ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ na Ugwu Mahenge n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ / 36.000′45′75′′E). Ruhudji na-enweta ọtụtụ isi mmiri dị mkpa wee kewaa na ala mmiri ahụ n'ọtụtụ ọwa, nke na-emepụta netwọk n'etiti ala mmiri ahụ. Mmiri ndị ọzọ na-agbanye mmiri n'ugwu ndị dị n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke ndagwurugwu ahụ na-esonyere netwọk ahụ ka n'akụkụ etiti ya wee nwee nnukwu ọwa iri na-aga n'otu akụkụ. Mpaghara nke marshes na-adịgide adịgide, 45 kilomita n'ogologo, gbasaa ruo kilomita 4 site n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Osimiri Kihansi. E mere ka Kihansi dị n'elu mmiri ya n'elu Kihansi Gorge n'afọ 1995. Akụkụ ndịda nke etiti ala mmiri ahụ na-agbadata mita 40 n'ihe dị ka kilomita 210. Na Ifakara, ndagwurugwu ahụ na-agbada ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị ka kilomita anọ n'obosara ma jikọta osimiri ndị ahụ n'ime isi iyi nke Osimiri Ulanga. N'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Ifakara, Ulanga na-agafe ọdọ mmiri oxbow ma na-esonyere ya n'akụkụ aka ekpe ya site na Osimiri Msolwa. Osimiri a na-abịa site na elu ugwu nke Udzungwas ma na-agafe akụkụ ugwu nke ala mmiri, na-agagharị mpaghara ọzọ nke ala mmiri na-adịgide adịgide n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Site n'ebe mgbagwoju anya, Osimiri Ulanga na-agbanwe n'ụzọ dị egwu n'ebe ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ ma hapụ ala mmiri (na Ramsar Site) na ókèala nke Selous Game Reserve. Osimiri Ulanga wee gaa n'ihu ruo kilomita 65 iji jikọta ya na Luwegu ebe ha jikọtara na Shuguli Falls iji ghọọ Osimiri Rufiji. Rufiji na-aga n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ site na Selous Game Reserve n'ụzọ ọ na-aga Indian Ocean.[2]
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Malite na 1885, Karl Peters amalitela ịsị na mpaghara ndị dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka bụ maka Germany. Ụsọ oké osimiri Tanganyikan gosipụtara na ọ dị mfe, mana mmeri nke mpaghara ndị dị n'ime ala nke ógbè ahụ - ruo Belgian Congo - siri ike karị ebe ọ bụ na a ka na-enyochabeghị akụkụ buru ibu. N'ihi nke a, Gọvanọ Gustav Adolf von Götzen duuru njem iji kwuo na mpaghara ndị a. Ọ kpọọrọ Georg von Prittwitz na Hermann Kersting.[3][4][5]
E mere nyocha mbụ banyere Osimiri Ulanga na onye na-asọba n'ime ya, Osimiri Kihansi, n'afọ 1897–1898 site n'aka von Prittwitz. Ebumnuche ya bụ ịchọpụta ma otu n'ime osimiri ndị ahụ nwere ike ịbụ ụzọ mmiri a ga-eji si n'ụsọ oké osimiri ruo n'ógbè ugwu Uhehe.Site na Perondo, von Prittwitz jiri ụgbọ mmiri e ji egwú (kano) gagharịa Osimiri Kihansi, ma chọpụta na ọ siri ike ịnya ụgbọ mmiri n'ime ya n'ihi ọtụtụ mgbagọ ya dị nkọ na ọwa mmiri ya dị warara, nke enyí mmiri (hippopotamus) na-egbochikarị.N'aka nke ọzọ, Osimiri Ulanga, nke nwere mgbagọ sara mbara ma dị nro, dị mfe ịnya ụgbọ mmiri nke omimi ya na-erughị ala.[6]
ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụ na ụba
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Osimiri Ulanga bụ ókèala dị n'etiti Ulanga District na Kilombero District nke Morogoro Region na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Tanzania.
Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bi n'ime ndagwurugwu Ulanga bụ ndị ọrụ ugbo na-akọ ọka na osikapa iji gboo mkpa ezinụlọ ha, ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-enwetakwa ihe ha ji ebi ndụ site n'ịkụ azụ.E nwekwara nnukwu ubi a kụrụ osisi teak n'ime ndagwurugwu Ulanga. N'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke distrikti ahụ, ubi okpete nke ụlọ ọrụ Illovo Sugar Company na-ekpuchi ọtụtụ akụkụ ala dị larịị nke mpaghara ahụ.
Anụ Ọhịa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ndagwurugwu Ulanga nwere ọtụtụ anụmanụ na-enye nwa ara dịka atụ, enyí, Enyí mmiri, ọdụm, na puku. Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụ nnụnụ puku bi na Ndagwurugwu Ulanga. Ndagwurugwu ahụ bụ ebe obibi nke otu n'ime ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ukwuu nke Agụ iyi Naịl n'Africa ma bụrụkwa ebe dị mkpa maka ụdị nnụnụ dị ka African openbill, white-headed lapwing, na African skimmer. Ndagwurugwu ahụ bụ ebe obibi nke ọtụtụ ụdị dị iche iche a na-ahụ naanị n'ebe ahụ, dị ka Udzungwa red colobus monkey na ụdị nnụnụ atọ, Ulanga weaver na ụdị abụọ a na-akọwaghị nke cisticolas.[1]
Osimiri ahụ na-akwado ụdị azụ iri abụọ na atọ a na-ejide mgbe niile, gụnyere ụdị azụ atọ a na'ahụghị na Rufiji: Alestes stuhlmannii na ụdị abụọ nke Citharinus congicus. Azụ sitere na usoro osimiri Rufiji na-akwaga n'elu mmiri gaa na Ulanga iji mụọ, na-abụkarị na mbido mmiri ozuzo na Nọvemba na ọrụ kachasị elu na-abịa na Disemba.
Edensibịa ọdịbendị
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ụgbọ mmiri a kpọrọ African Queen, nke nyere aha akwụkwọ akụkọ The African Queen (1935) nke C.S. Forester na ihe nkiri e mere dabere na ya n'afọ 1951, bụ obere ụgbọ mmiri ọkụkọ . O bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta akụ nke Belgium nwere ya, a na-ejikwa ya eme njem n'akụkụ elu nke Osimiri Ulanga.
Onye Germany na-ese ihe anụmanụ Friedrich Wilhelm Kuhnert gosipụtara osimiri ahụ na ihe osise ya nke 1898 The Gallery of Trees Ulanga River .
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Àkwà Mmiri Kilombero
Edensibịa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- 1 2 (2002-06-19) "Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands". Retrieved on 2010-05-15. "Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands" (PDF).
- ↑ Andreas Wildner. Rufiji River. Retrieved on 2010-05-14.
- ↑ Gustav Adolf von Götzen (1895). Durch Afrika von Ost nach West. Berlin: D. Reimer. “Gustav Adolf von Götzen.”
- ↑ (1909) Deutsch-Ostafrika im Aufstand 1905/06.
- ↑ Reinhart Bindseil (1992). Ruanda im Lebensbild des Offiziers, Afrikaforschers und Kaiserlichen Gouverneurs Gustav Adolf Graf von Götzen (1866—1910). Mit einem Abriss über die zeitgenössischen Forschungsreisenden Franz Stuhlmann, Oscar Baumann, Richard Kandt, Adolf Friedrich Herzog zu Mecklenburg und Hans Meyer. ISBN 3-496-00427-4.
- ↑ Royal Geographical Society of Great Britain (1899). The Geographical journal, Volume 13. London: Royal Geographical Society, 660–661.