Pierre Cérésole
Pierre Cérésole (17 Ọgọst 1879 - 23 Ọktoba 1945) bụ onye na-ahụ maka udo na onye injinia na mba Switzerland, nke a maara nke ọma dị ka onye malitere ogige ọrụ na onye guzobere otu udo Service Civil International (SCI).
Ndụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A mụrụ Pierre Cérésole na Lausanne n'ụbọchị 17 Ọgọọst 1879, nwa Paul Cérésole, onye otu Swiss Federal Council na onye isi oche nke Swiss Confederation. Ọ gụrụ injinia. Site n'afọ 1910 gaa n'ihu ọ gara ogologo njem ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka injinia na United States na Japan. N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1914, ọ laghachiri Switzerland n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ malitere. O kpebiri ịbụ Onye Kraịst na-ajụ ịjụ n'ihi akọ na uche ma na-emegide ụdị ọrụ niile ma ọ bụ imekọ ihe ọnụ na ndị agha. Dị ka onye na-eme udo, n'afọ 1917 ọ jụrụ ịkwụ ụtụ isi e ji nweta ngwá agha. Ọ nọrọ oge n'ụlọ mkpọrọ n'ihi nke ahụ.[1]
N'afọ 1919, ọ hapụrụ ọrụ ya dị ka injinia ma nyefee ndụ ya n'ịgba mbọ udo. O sonyere na Nzukọ Bilthoven nke ndị na-eme udo mgbe Agha Ụwa Mbụ gasịrị na n'oge nzukọ nke abụọ, o kpebiri ịmalite ọrụ ebe ndị mmadụ si mba Europe dị iche iche ga-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji wughachi obodo Esnes-en-Argonne na France, nke e bibiri n'oge agha ahụ. A na-ewere ọrụ a n'afọ 1920 dị ka ogige ọrụ mbụ ma bụrụ onye na-akpali ọrụ afọ ofufo nke mba ụwa.[1]
Ya na nwanne ya nwoke Ernest na ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo ndị ọzọ guzobere nzukọ Service Civil Organisation ma hazie ọtụtụ ọrụ afọ ofupo ọzọ n'afọ ndị na-abịanụ, karịsịa dị ka enyemaka enyemaka mgbe ọdachi ndị na-emere onwe ha gasịrị, dịka na Liechtenstein, Switzerland na France.[1]
N'afọ 1931, Ceresole zutere Mahatma Gandhi na Lausanne, mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ Romain Rolland na Geneva mgbe ọ sonyere na Nzukọ Round Table na London. Ceresole sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke echiche Gandhi, mana ọ kwenyeghị na akụkụ nke usoro ya na-adịghị arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ. Ọ bụ ezie na ha kwetara ịjụ ịkwado ọrụ agha ọ bụla site na gọọmentị ọ bụla, Ceresole dị njikere iso gọọmentị rụkọọ ọrụ n'agbanyeghị echiche ha n'ihe ndị ọzọ.[2]
N'ọnwa Nọvemba 1933, Ceresole gafere ókèala dị n'etiti Switzerland na Germany iji zute Adolf Hitler iji jụọ maka ọnọdụ dị na Germany, ọ bụ ezie na nzukọ ahụ emeghị.[2]
Site n'afọ 1934 n'afọ 1937, Cérésole na ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo atọ ndị ọzọ na Europe na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ịrụzigharị akụrụngwa na Bihar na India mgbe ala ọma jijiji mere na Nepal n'afọ 1934 gasịrị. Na India ọ sonyeere ndị Quakers.[3]
Onye America na-eche echiche bụ William James kpaliri Cérésole. Cérésole n'aka nke ya kpaliri Kees Boeke.
Mgbe Cérésole nwụsịrị, enyi ya na onye na-ahụ maka udo, Hélène Monastier, bipụtara akụkọ ndụ ya na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ya.[4]
Nkwado[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A họpụtara Ceresole maka Nobel Peace Prize na 1938 na 1939.[5]
Akwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Cérésole (1950). Vivre sa vérité Carnets de route 1909-1944. Neuchâtel: La Baconnière.
- Cérésole (1954). For peace and truth: from the note-books of Pierre Ceresole. Bannisdale Press.
- Monastier (1947). Un Quaker d'aujourd'hui: Pierre Cérésole.
- Monastier (1960). Pierre Cérésole d'après sa correspondance. Neuchâtel: La Baconnière.
- Maddock (2005). Living truth: a spiritual portrait of Pierre Ceresole, Pendle Hill pamphlets #379. Wallingford: Pendle Hill.
Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Ndepụta nke ndị na-eme udo
Ebe e si nweta ya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Pierre Cérésole in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
Ebensidee[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1920 - 1939 (en-US). CCIVS. Archived from the original on 2020-10-08. Retrieved on 2021-04-02.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Marcussen (2018). Cooperation and Pacifism in a Colonial Context: Service Civil International and Work Camps in Bihar, 1934–1937.
- ↑ Pierre Ceresole - Archives of Service Civil International. archives.sci.ngo. Retrieved on 2021-04-02.
- ↑ Pierre Ceresole. A lifetime serving Peace.
- ↑ Nomination%20Archive (en-US). NobelPrize.org (2020-04-01). Retrieved on 2020-08-29.