Rat meat

nne òké bụ́ nke òké dụ iche iche: òké dụ n'etiti, nke nwere odu ogologo. Ọ bụ nri nke, Ọ ọ ọ na ọ ọ mazhidoro law of some cultures, Ọ bụ nri dị mớp na ồn ồnɔ.[1][2] Taboos gụnyere egwu nke ọrịa ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi okpukpe, ma n'ọtụtụ ebe, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ndị mmadụ ebutela ọrịa na mpaghara ahụ..

Na mpaghara

Afrịka

Na Malawi nke Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka, ndị mmadụ nọ ebe ahụ na-achụ nta òké n'ọhịa ọka maka nri: ha na-eke òké ahụ n'osisi ma sie, mee nnu ma ọ bụ kpọọ òké ahụ dị ka ihe oriri a ma ama n'ahịa na ụlọ ahịa ndị dị n'akụkụ ụzọ.^[1] Na Sub-Saharan Africa ebe a na-ahụ òké okpete, ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ na-eri ha.^[2]

Amerịka

Na stew oke nke West Virginia, akụ na ụba malitere ịta ahụhụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ daa.[1] Ọmụmaatụ nke a bụ Marlington Roadkill Cook-off . ^[3]

Eshia

N'ọdịnala ụfọdụ, ọ bụghị nanị ụdị ihe ị na-anakwere, dị ka mmekọrịta gị ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ akụ̀ na ụba gị. N'India, a naghị ekwe ka ụmụ nwanyị Mishmi mụọ anụmanụ, ewezuga azụ, ewu na nnụnụ.[1] N'aka nke ọzọ, obodo Musahar dụ n'ebe ugwu India ereela Ṅm ugbo ọké dị ka ihe dụ lụọ..

A na-eri anụ oke Ricefield (Rattus argentiventer) na Vietnamese, [1] [2] [3] [4] Taiwanese, [5] [6] [7] Cambodian na [3] nri ndị China. Rat-on-a-stick bụ efere òké ṅara n'ọkụ a na-eri na Vietnam na Cambodia.^[4]

Nnyocha e mere n'afọ 2020 gbasara azụmahịa anụ ọhịa na mpaghara atọ dị n'ebe ndịda Vietnam chọpụtara na pasentị 55 nke òké ndị a na-ere n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ a nwalere bu coronavirus.^[5]

Europe

Na Victorian Britain, ndị ọgaranya na ndị ogbenye na-eti oke achịcha.[1] N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, e webatara ndị ọkà mmụta ihe banyere ihe ndị Britain na-enye nri n'ụlọ nyocha..^[6]

Nchịkọta maka òké e siri esi, ụdị Bordeaux, na-akpọ maka iji òké na-aṅụ mmanya na-aba n'anya na-ebi n'ụlọ mmanya. A na-acha anụnụ anụnụ ma na-egbu egbu òké ndị a, jiri mmanụ oliv siri ike na chalots a pịrị apị na-asacha ya, ma sie ya n'elu ọkụ nke barrels mmanya gbajiri agbaji ^[7] ^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]

Site na Valencia, Spain, Vicente Blasco Ibáñez nyere Ricefield (Rattus argentiventer) maka akwụkwọ ya Cañas y barro. A na-akpọ eel nke obodo ahụ dị ka garrafons, rata de marjal (azụ nke oké osimiri) bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị dị na paella omenala (nke a na-emecha mee ihe, a na-anọchi anya ọkụkọ nke oké osimiri).).

Polynesia

Nke a bụ omenala ndị Hawaii na ndị Polynesia, ọ bụghịkwa ihe a na-emekarị ka ha na-eme ya kwa ụbọchị. Mgbe a mụrụ m, ndị Polynesia nke Rapa Nui nwere ike iri anụ, ma ha achọghị iri ya, n'ihi na ndị bi n'àgwàetiti ahụ kwenyere na a na-akpọ "ọnọdụ nke ịbụ" tapu. Ndị gwupụtara ozu ezinụlọ ndị Hawaii, ndị nyochara ozu ezinụlọ ahụ chọpụtara na ọnụ ọgụgụ ozu ndị metụtara ezinụlọ ji okpukpu atọ karịa anụmanụ ndị metụtara ezinụlọ. Ọkpụkpụ ndị a chọtara ebe niile na-agba ọkụ ma kpuchie ya na ihe carbonized, na ọkpụkpụ na-ekpuchikwa carbon. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị òtù ezinụlọ ndị ọzọ nwere ike igosi na precontact Hawaii adịghị emetụta ọnọdụ ma ọ bụ uto..^[12]

Middle East (na Okpukpe Middle East)

N'ebe ndị ọzọ n'ụwa, a na-ewere anụ òké dị ka nke na-arịa ọrịa na nke na-adịghị ọcha, nke ọha na eze na-anabataghị, ma ọ bụ enwere mmachibido iwu okpukpe siri ike megide ya. Omenala Islam na Kashrut machibidoro ya.

South America

Ọbụna ndị Shipibo nke Peru na ndị Sirioó nke Bolivia nwere omenala omenala megide òké.

Dị ka nri maka anụ ụlọ

Oke bụ agwọ a na-ahụkarị, ma n'ọhịa ma dịka anụ ụlọ. Dị ka ihe atụ, e nwere ọtụtụ agwọ na ndị na-agba bọọlụ n’ụwa. N'ihe banyere ndị dị ndụ ma ọ bụ ndị nwere nkwarụ, ndị na-arịa ọrịa, ha nọ n'ụlọ ahịa anụ ụlọ ebe ha na-ere anụmanụ ha, ọtụtụ ndị na-ebute ha. Na Britain, Iwu Ahụike Animal nke 2006 "na-eme ka ọ bụrụ iwu na-akwadoghị igbu anụmanụ ọ gwụla ma ọ dị mkpa maka ahụike anụmanụ.".^[13]

Hụkwa

Ndepụta nri anụ

Ihe odide

↑ "Mice, anyone? They make tasty meal in Malawi", NBC, 2009-08-10. Retrieved on 2021-08-14.
↑ Gruber. "While rats are met with revulsion in most parts of the world, some communities put rodents pride of place on the dinner menu", BBC, 2015-12-07. Retrieved on 2021-08-14.
↑ Pollack (2016-01-02). America's Most Beloved Regional Dishes Have Dark and Fascinating Histories | MUNCHIES. Vice. Archived from the original on 2016-01-10. Retrieved on 2016-01-10. “There were other [people] who actually celebrated the eating of rat as a culinary cultural inheritance, to the point where in Marlinton, West Virginia, for instance, they hold this annual roadkill cookoff in order to celebrate the eating of roadkill in West Virginia. When I visited the annual roadkill cookoff in Marlington, there were two folks preparing rat dishes.”
↑ Molloy (2017). Running on Empty: Canada and the Indochinese Refugees, 1975-1980, McGill-Queen's Studies in Ethnic History. MQUP. ISBN 978-0-7735-5063-6. Retrieved on July 7, 2017.
↑ Gorman (6 July 2020). Wildlife Trade Spreads Coronaviruses as Animals Get to Market. New York Times. Retrieved on 15 December 2021. “the percentage that tested positive for at least one of six different coronaviruses jumped significantly. It increased from 20 percent of wild-caught rats sold by traders, to slightly more than 30 percent at large markets, the next step in the supply chain, to 55 percent of rats sold in restaurants that tested positive.”
↑ Jared M. Diamond (January 2006). Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail Or Succeed. Penguin, 105–. ISBN 978-0-14-303655-5. “creamed rat.”
↑ Calvin W. Schwabe (1979). Unmentionable Cuisine. University of Virginia Press, 204–. ISBN 978-0-8139-1162-5.
↑ Cooking Rats and Mice. Archived from the original on 2016-06-20.
↑ Cooking Rats and Mice. Archived from the original on 2016-05-28.
↑ Archived copy. Archived from the original on 2016-08-08. Retrieved on 2016-06-23.
↑ Grilled Rats and Other Weird Halloween Recipes. Archived from the original on 2016-07-22.
↑ Kirch (2003). "New Archaeological Insights into Food and Status: A Case Study from Pre-Contact Hawaii.". World Archaeology 34 (3): 484–497. DOI:10.1080/0043824021000026468.
↑ Animal Welfare Act 2006. lesgislation.gov.uk. Retrieved on 2021-08-14.

[nbc-1] "Mice, anyone? They make tasty meal in Malawi", NBC, 2009-08-10. Retrieved on 2021-08-14.

[bbc-2] Gruber. "While rats are met with revulsion in most parts of the world, some communities put rodents pride of place on the dinner menu", BBC, 2015-12-07. Retrieved on 2021-08-14.

[3] Pollack (2016-01-02). America's Most Beloved Regional Dishes Have Dark and Fascinating Histories | MUNCHIES. Vice. Archived from the original on 2016-01-10. Retrieved on 2016-01-10. “There were other [people] who actually celebrated the eating of rat as a culinary cultural inheritance, to the point where in Marlinton, West Virginia, for instance, they hold this annual roadkill cookoff in order to celebrate the eating of roadkill in West Virginia. When I visited the annual roadkill cookoff in Marlington, there were two folks preparing rat dishes.”

[Molloy_Duschinsky_Jensen_Shalka_2017-4] Molloy (2017). Running on Empty: Canada and the Indochinese Refugees, 1975-1980, McGill-Queen's Studies in Ethnic History. MQUP. ISBN 978-0-7735-5063-6. Retrieved on July 7, 2017.

[5] Gorman (6 July 2020). Wildlife Trade Spreads Coronaviruses as Animals Get to Market. New York Times. Retrieved on 15 December 2021. “the percentage that tested positive for at least one of six different coronaviruses jumped significantly. It increased from 20 percent of wild-caught rats sold by traders, to slightly more than 30 percent at large markets, the next step in the supply chain, to 55 percent of rats sold in restaurants that tested positive.”

[Diamond2006-6] Jared M. Diamond (January 2006). Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail Or Succeed. Penguin, 105–. ISBN 978-0-14-303655-5. “creamed rat.”

[Schwabe1979-7] Calvin W. Schwabe (1979). Unmentionable Cuisine. University of Virginia Press, 204–. ISBN 978-0-8139-1162-5.

[8] Cooking Rats and Mice. Archived from the original on 2016-06-20.

[9] Cooking Rats and Mice. Archived from the original on 2016-05-28.

[10] Archived copy. Archived from the original on 2016-08-08. Retrieved on 2016-06-23.

[11] Grilled Rats and Other Weird Halloween Recipes. Archived from the original on 2016-07-22.

[12] Kirch (2003). "New Archaeological Insights into Food and Status: A Case Study from Pre-Contact Hawaii.". World Archaeology 34 (3): 484–497. DOI:10.1080/0043824021000026468.

[13] Animal Welfare Act 2006. lesgislation.gov.uk. Retrieved on 2021-08-14.

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