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Susan Ofori-Atta

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Susan Barbara Gyankorama Ofori-Atta, also de Graft-Johnson (1917 – July 1985) was a Ghanaian medical doctor who was the first female doctor on the Gold Coast.[1][2][3]>[4][5] She was the first Ghanaian woman and fourth West African woman to earn a university degree.[1][2][6] Ofori-Atta was also the fourth West African woman to become a physician after the Nigerians Agnes Yewande Savage (1929), Elizabeth Abimbola Awoliyi (1938) and Sierra Leone Creole, Irene Ighodaro (1944).[7][8][9][10][11] In 1933, Sierra Leonean political activist and higher education pioneer, Edna Elliot-Horton became the second West African woman university graduate and the first to earn a bachelor's degree in the liberal arts.[1] Eventually Ofori-Atta became a medical officer-in-charge at the Kumasi Hospital, and later, she assumed in charge of the Princess Louise Hospital for Women.[1] Her contemporary was Matilda J. Clerk, the second Ghanaian woman and fifth West African woman to become a physician, who was also educated at Achimota and Edinburgh.[1] Ofori-Atta was made an Honorary Doctor of Science by the University of Ghana for her work on malnutrition in children, and received the Royal Cross from Pope John Paul II when he visited Ghana in 1980, in recognition of her offering of free medical services at her clinic.[12] She helped to establish the Women's Society for Public Affairs and was a Foundation Fellow of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences.[13] National Commission on Culture. ghanaculture.gov.gh. Archived from the original on 22 July 2015. Retrieved on 8 August 2015."National Commission on Culture". ghanaculture.gov.gh. Archived from the original on 22 July 2015. Retrieved 8 August 2015. </ref> Her achievements were a symbol of inspiration to aspiring women physicians in Ghana.[13]

Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ

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Onye otu onye ama ama Ofori-Atta royal Dynasty, Susan Ofori-Atta mụrụ na Kyebi, Gold Coast (na Ghana ugbu a), na 1917 nye Nana Sir Ofori Atta I, Okyenhene na Paramount Chief nke Akyem Abuakwa Traditional Area, na nwunye ya Nana Akosua Duodu. [13] [14]

Susan Ofori-Atta nwetara agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ya na St. Mary's Convent na Elmina n'ihe dị ka 1921 wee banye n'Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Achimota na 1929 maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya. [13] Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ ọsụ ụzọ mgbe emeghechara kọleji ahụ na 1927, ebe ọ bụ onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị n'afọ ikpeazụ ya wee nọrọ maka asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ Cambridge.[13] Ọ gụrụ ọrụ ịmụ nwa na Korle-Bu Midwifery Training School, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1935, ọ nwetakwara ọzụzụ ọzọ na ọrụ ịmụ nwa n'Scotland.[13] Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na tertiary, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-amụ nwa na Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. Ọ gara n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya na Edinburgh University Medical School, ebe ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta MBChB na 1947. [13][3] Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na mba ofesi site na ego nna ya bara ọgaranya, Ofori Atta I, onye nwụrụ na 1943 mgbe ọ ka bụ nwa akwụkwọ ahụike na Edinburgh nyere ya.[13]

Ọrụ na nkwado

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Ofori-Atta malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-amụ nwa wee mụọ ka ọ bụrụ dọkịta ụmụaka, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nwanyị dọkịta mbụ na Gold Coast (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Ghana). [13] N'afọ 1960, o wepụtara oge ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ Congo nke na-enweghị ndị ọrụ.[15] N'oge ọ bụ onye ọrụ ahụike na Princess Marie Louise Hospital, a kpọrọ ya "mmofra doctor" (dọkịta ụmụaka). [14] Ọ hapụrụ Ụlọ Ọgwụ Princess Marie Louise iji sonye na Mahadum nke Ghana Medical School, ebe ọ bụ onye guzobere Ngalaba Paediatrics tupu ọ malite ọrụ ahụike nke onwe ya maka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka na ụlọ ọgwụ ya, Ụlọ Ọgwụ Accra . [13] Ọ bụkwa onye nnọchi anya Royal College of Obstetricians na Gynaecology (1949) na Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (1958). [3]

Ọ bụ onye na-akwado maka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka na-akpata ma na-emegide usoro ihe nketa nke Akan, na-akwado iwu iji dozie okwu ahụ ma nye ndị di na nwunye na ụmụ ha ikike nketa di na nwunye ha nwụrụ anwụ na ndị nna nwụrụ anwụ.[13] Mgbalị ya dugara na PNDC Intestate Succession Law nke e wepụtara na 1985.[13] Ọ bụ onye otu 1969 Constituent Assembly nke dere iwu maka Republic nke Abụọ nke Ghana . [13]

Mahadum nke Ghana kwanyeere ya ugwu na 1974 site na Doctor of Science maka ọrụ nyocha ya na nsogbu nri na-edozi ahụ n'oge ọ bụ nwata - "Kwashiorkor", okwu o chepụtara nke ghọrọ okwu ahụike n'etiti ndị ụwa.[13][14]Tabitha Medical Center | Celebrating African Women in Medicine Part 2 (en-US). www.tabithamedicalcenter.com. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved on 2017-11-28."Tabitha Medical Center | Celebrating African Women in Medicine Part 2". www.tabithamedicalcenter.com. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 28 November 2017.</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Chọọchị Katọlik na Ghana, ọkachasị na Diocese Accra . [13] Ọ bụ onye isi otu Federation of Association of Catholic Medical Doctors na onye otu Ghana Catholic Doctors Association . [13]

Ndụ onwe onye na ezinụlọ

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She was married to E. V. C. de Graft-Johnson, a barrister-at-law based in Accra and a cousin of Joseph W.S. de Graft-Johnson, vice-president of Ghana from 1979 to 1981.[13][16] During the 1960s, E. V. C. de Graft Johnson held a one-man protest on a matter of legal principle outside the Supreme Court buildings.[17]Mgbe e wepụrụ mmachibido iwu nke ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ọtụtụ ndị na 1969, E.V.C. de Graft-Johnson ghọrọ onye ndu na odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke otu All People's Party nke na-apụ apụ ugbu a.[18] In 1979, E.V.C. de Graft-Johnson was the vice-chairman of the centre-left party, Social Democratic Front (SDF). [citation needed]

Nwanne Susan Ofori-Atta nke tọrọ bụ William Ofori-Atta, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye ọka iwu Gold Coast, onye bụbu minista mba ofesi na otu n'ime ndị isi ntọala nke United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) yana onye otu "Big Six", otu ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ndị ọchịchị colonial nwụchiri mgbe 1948 Accra ọgba aghara na Ghana, na-amalite na mgba maka nnwere onwe 19 nke Ghana. Kofi Asante Ofori-Atta, onye minista na-ahụ maka ọchịchị ime obodo na ọchịchị Convention People's Party (CPP) nke Kwame Nkrumah ma mesịa bụrụ onye isi oche ndị omeiwu Ghana. Nwanne ya nwanyị nke nta bụ Adeline Akufo-Addo, First Lady nke Ghana n'oge Republic nke Abụọ.

Ọnwụ na ihe nketa

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Susan Ofori-Atta nwụrụ n'ihi ihe ndị sitere n'okike na July 1985 na United Kingdom. [13] A gụrụ ụlọ ụmụ nwanyị na alma mater ya, Achimota School, aha ya.[19]

Hụkwa

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  • Usoro oge nke ụmụ nwanyị na sayensị
  • Ụmụ nwanyị na ọgwụ

Edemsibia

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Adell Patton (1996). Physicians, Colonial Racism, and Diaspora in West Africa. University Press of Florida, 29–. ISBN 978-0-8130-1432-6. 
  2. 1 2 Richard Rathbone (1993). Murder and Politics in Colonial Ghana. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-05504-7. 
  3. 1 2 3 Tetty (1985). "Medical Practitioners of African Descent in Colonial Ghana". The International Journal of African Historical Studies 18 (1): 139–144. DOI:10.2307/217977. PMID 11617203. Tetty, Charles (1985). "Medical Practitioners of African Descent in Colonial Ghana". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 18 (1): 139–144. doi:10.2307/217977. JSTOR 217977. PMID 11617203. S2CID 7298703.
  4. ↑ Ferry (November 2018). "Agnes Yewande Savage, Susan Ofori-Atta, and Matilda Clerk: three pioneering doctors" (in en). The Lancet 392 (10161): 2258–2259. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32827-7. ISSN 0140-6736. 
  5. ↑ Susan Ofori-Atta, the first Ghanaian female doctor in the Gold Coast - (en-US). Ghanaian Museum (2020-01-19). Retrieved on 2020-02-07.
  6. ↑ Schmid (April 2018). Medicine, Faith and Politics in Agogo: A History of Health Care Delivery in Rural Ghana, Ca. 1925 to 1980 (in en). LIT Verlag Münster, 297. ISBN 9783643802613. 
  7. ↑ CAS Students to Lead Seminar On University's African Alumni, Pt. IV: Agnes Yewande Savage. Postgrads from the Edge (16 November 2016). Archived from the original on 5 August 2017. Retrieved on 5 August 2017.
  8. ↑ Tabitha Medical Center | Celebrating African Women in Medicine (en-US). www.tabithamedicalcenter.com. Archived from the original on 6 December 2017. Retrieved on 20 February 2018.
  9. ↑ Anibaba (2003). A Lagosian of the 20th century: an autobiography (in en). Tisons Limited. ISBN 9789783557116. 
  10. ↑ Mitchell (November 2016). Dr Agnes Yewande Savage – West Africa's First Woman Doctor (1906-1964). Centre of African Studies. Archived from the original on 5 August 2017.
  11. ↑ Guy's Hospital: Mural honouring African health workers unveiled (en-GB). www.bbc.com (2024-10-03). Retrieved on 2025-02-06.
  12. ↑ Cecilia J. Dumor (August 2002). Nelson Thornes West African Readers Junior Readers 3. Nelson Thornes, 124–. ISBN 978-0-7487-7034-2. 
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 National Commission on Culture. ghanaculture.gov.gh. Archived from the original on 22 July 2015. Retrieved on 8 August 2015."National Commission on Culture". ghanaculture.gov.gh. Archived from the original on 22 July 2015. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  14. 1 2 3 Tabitha Medical Center | Celebrating African Women in Medicine Part 2 (en-US). www.tabithamedicalcenter.com. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved on 2017-11-28."Tabitha Medical Center | Celebrating African Women in Medicine Part 2". www.tabithamedicalcenter.com. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  15. ↑ (19 November 1960) "Friends in Deed". Jet 19 (3). Retrieved on 22 August 2015. 
  16. ↑ Graft-Johnson (1958). The Evolution of the Executive in the Constitutional Development of the Gold Coast (in en). University of Leeds (Department of Law). 
  17. ↑ Hats off to Martin Amidu. cameronduodu.com. Archived from the original on 22 November 2016. Retrieved on 2018-12-07.
  18. ↑ Ofori. "All People's Party Launched", Daily Graphic, 2 May 1969.
  19. ↑ Old Achimotan Association. www.oldachimotan.net. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved on 8 August 2015.

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