Tijaniyyah


The Tijjani order (Templeeti:Langx) is a Sufi order of Sunni Islam named after Ahmad al-Tijani. It originated in the Algeria but now more widespread in Maghreb, West Africa, particularly in Senegal, Gambia, Mauritania, Mali, Guinea, Niger, Chad, Ghana, Northern and Southwestern Nigeria and some parts of Sudan. The Tijāniyyah order is also present in the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka in India. Its adherents are called Tijānī (spelled Tijaan or Tiijaan in Wolof, Tidiane or Tidjane in French). Tijānīs place great importance on culture and education and emphasize the individual adhesion of the disciple (murid). To become a member of the order, one must receive the Tijānī wird, or a sequence of holy phrases to be repeated twice daily, from a muqaddam, or representative of the order.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme na mgbasa nke iwu ahụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ntọala nke usoro
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Ahmad al-Tijani (1737-1815) na Aïn Madhi na Algeria ma nwụọ na Fes, Morocco. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ okpukpe ya na Mostaganem, Algeria. N'ịbụ onye ndị senti ndị ọzọ kpaliri, o guzobere usoro Tijānī na 1780s; isi mmalite dịgasị iche iche maka kpọmkwem ụbọchị dị n'etiti 1781 na 1784. [1]
Mgbasawanye na West Africa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Usoro ahụ aghọwo usoro Sufi kachasị ukwuu na West Africa ma na-aga n'ihu na-agbasa ngwa ngwa. Muḥammad al-Ḥāfiẓ nke agbụrụ 'Idaw ♡ Ali, nke a maara maka ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta na ndị isi Alakụba ma bụrụkarị Qādirī n'oge ahụ, wetara ya n'ebe ndịda Mauritania n'ihe dị ka afọ 1789.
Onye na-eso ụzọ Muḥammad al-Ḥāfiẓ bụ Sidi Mawlūd Vāl, onye ndú Fulɓe nke ncheta afọ nke 19 bụ Omar Saidou Tall na onye na-ekiri Fulɓe ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Nāqil si Futa Jalon (Guinea ugbu a) n'ime usoro ahụ. Mgbe ọ natasịrị si site n'aka Muḥammad al-Ghālī site na 1828 ruo 1830 na Mecca, a Umar Tall ka ọ Caliph (onyechiri ma ọ bụ onye isi anya isi) nke Aḥmed al-Tijānī maka Western Sudan niile (Western sub-Saharan Africa). Umar Tall wee duzie agha dị nsahụ ihe ọ pụtara dị ka ahụ arụ n'afọ, nke mere ka nnukwu Toucouleur dị n'Ọwụwa sere Senegal na Mali. Ọ bụ ebe ahụ na-anya ụgbọ ụkwụ Omar Saidou Tall ndị n'oge na- ndị anya maka ụmụ ndị France, ihe si na ya pụta ogologo oge bụ ịgbasa Islam na Tijānī Order site n'ọtụtụ ebe bụ ugbu a Senegal, Guinea, na Mali (lee Robinson, 1985).).
Alaka nke nwa Abdoulaye Niass, Ibrahim Niass, akara na mpaghara Kaolack nke Medina Baye na 1930, alaka Tijānị mgbasa ukwuu na nke a na-ahụ n'ụwa taa. Ozizi Ibrahima Niass na ndị na-eso ụzọ niile, ọ bụghị nanị ndị na-abụ, nwere ike sere ihe dị nchọpụta dị nchọpụta Chineke site na tarbiyyah rūhiyyah (agụm akwụkwọ dị omimi) emeela ka ọtụtụ nde mmadụ na-enwe mmetụta n'ụwa niile. Alaka a, nke a maara dị ka Tijāniyyah Ibrāhīmiyyah ma ọ bụ Fayda ("Ubi"), na-achọ anya na Senegal, Niger, Ghana, Niger, na Mauritania, ma nwee ike na- ike elu na United States na Europe. Ọtụtụ ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Tijānī na òtù mba ụwa bụ ihe nke ike a. Nwa nwa Ibrahim Niass nwụrụ anwụ na onye bụbu Imam nke Medina Baye, Hassan Cissé, nwera ọtụtụ puku ndị na-eso ụzọ America ma guzobe ihe àmà na-egosi, African American Islamic Institute, na Medina Baye na alaka n'ụdị ndị ọzọ nke ụwa..
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Omume
[dezie | dezie ebe o si].
Tụkwasị na nke a, ndị na-eso ụzọ n'ọtụtụ ebe na-ahazi nzukọ mgbe niile, mgbe mgbe na mgbede Thursday ma ọ bụ tupu ma ọ bụ mgbe Waẓīfa na Hailalat al-Jum'ah gasịrị iji tinye aka na dhikr Allāh, ma ọ bụ ncheta Chineke. N'ime nzukọ ndị dị otú ahụ, uri na-eto Chineke, Muhammad, Aḥmed at-Tijānī, ma ọ bụ onye ndú okpukpe ọzọ nwere ike ịgwakọta na dhikr. Nzukọ ndị dị otú ahụ nwere ike ịgụnye ikwughachi ugboro ugboro dị ka otu ma ọ bụ nzaghachi oku, ebe otu onye ma ọ bụ karịa ndị isi na-eduzi abụ ahụ na ndị ọzọ na-ekwughachi ma ọ bụ na-azaghachi n'ụzọ ọzọ.
Site n'oge ruo n'oge, otu ìgwè ndị na-eso ụzọ, nke a maara na Senegal dị ka daayira, site na Arabic dā'Dairah, ma ọ bụ "okirikiri", nwere ike ịhazi nzukọ okpukpe, ebe ha ga-akpọ otu ma ọ bụ karịa ndị ọkà okwu ma ọ bụ ndị na-abụ abụ ka ha kwuo okwu banyere otu isiokwu, dị ka ndụ Muḥammad ma ọ bụ onye ndú okpukpe ọzọ, ọrụ okpukpe dịka ibu ọnụ n'oge Ramadan, ma ọ bụrụ ọdịdị Chineke.
Ihe omume obodo ụka mkpa n'afọ maka ọtụtụ ndị Tijjanị bụ Mawlid, nke a mara na Wolof dị ka Gàmmu (okwu a gbazitere site na emume ọkụ Serer oge ochie nke "Gamo" ma ọ bụ "Gamou" nke Ndị Serer, site na okwu Serer Gamahou ma ọ bụ Gamohou [1]), ma ọ bụ ụnwanyi emee nke emee, ihe Islam na Raamma gosipụtara nke ọnwụ. al-'Awwal (nke alụhor tupu 12th, dị ka ụbọchị ndị na-amalite n'etiti ). Ọtụtụ nnukwu ihe nkiri Tijānī na-hazi nnukwu mmemme Mawlid otu ugboro n'afọ, ọtụtụ ndị puku ndị na-eso ụzọ na-aga ndị kasị ukwuu (na Tivaouane, Kaolack, Prang, Kiota, Kano, Fadama, wdg) N'afọ niile, obodo ndị dị n' ahụ na- obere hapụrụ obere Mawlid. ụfọdụ ndị a na-esikarị n'ihe dị ka etiti nto ruo obere oge chi borọrọ ma na-agụnye awa nke dhikr na abụ uri na okwuokwu ndụ Muḥammad.
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Okpukpe Suf
- Wazifa
- Lazimi
- Salat al-Fatih
- Ndepụta nke iwu ndị Sufi
- Ụmụnna ndị Alakụba nke Senegal
- Ahmad At Tijânî Ibn Bâba Al 'Alawî
- Abubakre Sidiq Bello
Ihe edeturu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Nigeria Court in Kano Sentences Cleric to Death for Blasphemy. BBC (6 January 2016).
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 2000. "Amadou Hampâté Bâ: Tijânî Francophone." Na Triaud na Robinson, 2000.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 1995. Africa na akụkọ ihe mere eme. New York: Simon & Schuster.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Islam na Imperialism na Senegal: Sine-Saloum 1847-1914. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
- Robinson, David 1985. Agha Nsọ nke Umar Tall. Oxford: Clarendon.
- [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 2000. "La Tijâniyya, òtù ndị Alakụba dị iche iche?" In Triaud and Robinson, 2000.
- Triaud, Jean-Louis na David Robinson, ndị editọ. 2000. Tijâniyya: Òtù ndị Alakụba na-emeri Afrịka. Paris: Karthala
- WorldStatesmen- ebe a Mali Traditional States
- Jawâhir Ul Ma'ânî nke Shaykh 'Alî Al Harâzim, na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Pr. Abdelaziz Benabdallah Pr.Abdelaziz Benabdallah na nwa nwanne ya nwoke Moustapha Benmoussa.
- Al Boghia: Mataâlib = Arịrịọ nke 'Sidi Larbi Ben Sayeh, na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Pr. Abdelaziz Benabdallah
- Tijânia nke 'Pr. Abdelaziz Benabdallah, na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Pr. Abdelaziz Benabdallah
- الشيخ سيدي أحمد التجاني, أبعاد ضلاعته العلمية.بقلم أحمد بن عبد العزيز بن عبد الله, من الم kwenyesịrị الإلكتروني للأستاذ عبد العززيز بنِ الله.
Ịgụ ihe ọzọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Abun-Nasr (1965). The Tijaniyya: A Sufi Order in the Modern World (in en). London.