Gaa na ọdịnaya

Usoro ọdịnala

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onwa na-agụ egwú na-eji onavillu, nke ejiri igwe okwu mee ka ọ dịkwuo elu. A na-enyefe Egwú ọdịnala na arụmọrụ; n'ihi ya, ọ na-agbanwe na mmasị ndị na-ege ntị na teknụzụ dịnụ.

N'ọmụmụ ihe gbasara akụkọ ifo, usoro ndị mmadụ bụ ụzọ e si agbanwe ihe ndị mmadụ, ọkachasị akụkọ, egwu, na nka ndị ọzọ, na-emegharịkwa ya na usoro mbufe ya site na mmadụ ruo mmadụ na site n'ọgbọ ruo n'ọgbọ. Usoro ndị mmadụ na-akọwapụta obodo—“obodo ndị mmadụ”—na nke a na-esi na ya na-ebufe akụkọ ifo. Ọ bụ ezie na e nwere ebe ndị ọkachamara na ndị ọkachamara zụrụ azụ na obodo ndị mmadụ, ọ bụ omume imezigharị na mgbanwe okike nke ndị obodo nọ n'ime omenala ndị mmadụ na-akọwa usoro ndị mmadụ..[1]

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

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Ọ bụ ọkà mmụta egwu bụ Charles Seeger, nna nke onye na-agụ egwú bụ́ Pete Seeger, chepụtara nkebi ahịrịokwu ahụ na mbụ, [1] ma echiche dị n'okpuru laghachiri na 1907, mgbe Cecil Sharp [2] chọpụtara na nnyefe nke egwu ndị mmadụ na ụdị ndị ha weere mgbe a na-anakọta na akaebe bụ n'ihi ihe atọ: ịga n'ihu, mgbanwe, na nhọrọ.[3] Ndị International Folk Music Council gbasawanyere ihe ndị a na 1954, bụ ndị dere na:  

Ọrụ

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Mgbanwe na ntụgharị nke ihe natara bụ isi na usoro ndị mmadụ. Abụ mkpu ọdịnala Irish "Siúil A Rúin", ya na asụsụ ngwakọta macaronic Irish na Bekee:   a kọwapụtara ya na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu na United States ma gbanwee ya n'abụ "Johnny Has Gone for a Soldier" ma ọ bụ "Buttermilk Hill", nke nwere ọtụtụ ọdịiche, nke na-echekwa akụkụ dị iche iche nke mbụ, dịka na nsụgharị Walt Whitman chịkọtara:   ma ọ bụ ihe ọzọ, nke a na-amaghị aha ya:   Nsụgharị Whitman chebere ahịrị nke doggerel sitere na Irish ("Shool, shool, shoel agrah"); nsụgharị nke ọzọ bụ Bekee kpamkpam.[2][3]

Mgbanwe nke ihe ahụ nwere ike ịbụ nke zuru oke. The Child ballad "Matty Groves", a murder ballad nke na-amalite na ịkwa iko ma na-agwụ na duel na ọnwụ nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri, na-aghọ abụ ịhụnanya America "Shady Grove". A na-ejikarị ụda ahụ eme ihe, mgbe ụfọdụ a na-agbanwe ya na isi mkpịsị aka site na obere mbụ, mana akụkọ nke abụ mbụ ahụ adịghịzi na nsụgharị America.[4]

Omenala ọha na eze na usoro ọdịnala

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Site na usoro ọdịnala, a na-eme ka isiokwu nke abụ ọdịnala na akụkọ ọdịnala kwekọọ n'oge; enwere ike itinye okwu, ma ọ bụ wepụ ya; enwere ike ịkọwa akụkụ ndị a na-aghọtaghị ma ọ bụ tụfuo. Ihe si na ya pụta bụ akụkọ ọdịnala ọhụrụ nke ọgbọ na-esote ga-anọgide na-echekwa n'ụdị ọhụrụ ya. Usoro ọdịnala malitere ịghọ nsogbu, nke mbụ, mgbe ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na ikike nwebisiinka na ngwaahịa azụmahịa nke ọdịbendị ọha, yana nnweta na ịzụ ahịa site na ọdịbendị ìgwè nke akụkọ ọdịnala na egwu nke, na-ekesa site na mgbasa ozi ọha, na-aghọ nsụgharị ọhụrụ nke ọdịnala ahụ.

Otu ihe atụ a ma ama nke esemokwu dị n'etiti ọchịchọ nke ndị na-ese ihe iji kwado ikike nwebisiinka na ọdịnala ọdịnala bụ ihe gbasara ballad "Scarborough Fair". "Scarborough Fair" bụ abụ ọdịnala ndị Britain nwere ọtụtụ ọdịiche, nke Simon na Garfunkel rụgharịrị maka abọm ha nke 1966 Parsley, Sage, Rosemary na Thyme; Otú ọ dị, n'adịghị ka ndị na-ese ihe nke ọgbọ ndị gara aga, Simon na Gar funkel kwupụtara na ọ bụ naanị ha dere abụ ahụ.

Ịntanetị na mgbasa ozi dijitalụ, na-enyere ndị na-azụ ahịa ọdịbendị aka iṅomi, gbanwee, ma họrọ akụkụ nke ọdịbendị ọdịnala na nke ọha na eze, emeela ka usoro ọdịnala dị ngwa.[5][6]

Mgbanwe nke omenala ọha site na usoro ọdịnala na-alaghachi na mmalite nke omenala igwe; a na-echekwa ọtụtụ uri ochie na ọdịnala na ballads n'etiti ballads ndị e biri ebi. Egwú ndị e dere n'ụzọ ọkachamara, dị ka ballad "Lorena" nke H. D. L. Webster, sitere na arụmọrụ wee bụrụ ndị a na-eme n'usoro ndị mmadụ.[7] Ọdịbendị ọdịnala na nke ọha na eze nwere ike ịgwakọta ibe ha; otu narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, "The Unfortunate Lad", ghọrọ ọkọlọtọ cowboy America "Streets of Laredo", ọkọlọtọ jazz "St. James Infirmary Blues", ma nwee mmetụta siri ike na Marty Robbins hit "El Paso".[8][9][10]

Hụkwa

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  • Ihe osise
  • Akụkọ ọdịnala
  • Akụkọ ọdịnala
  • Omenala a na-ekwu n'ọnụ
  • "Anyị Ga-emeri"

Edemsibia

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  1. ↑ Levy, Bronwen Ann (1991). Story/telling. Univ. Queensland Press. ISBN 9780702232022. 
  2. ↑ Jewell, Andrew (Fall 2002). "Remembering, Not Composing: Clarifying the Record on "I'll Trace This Garden"". Walt Whitman Quarterly Review 20 (2): 78–81. DOI:10.13008/2153-3695.1702. 
  3. ↑ Songs of the Revolution. ushistory.org. Archived from the original on December 30, 2011. Retrieved on January 21, 2012.
  4. ↑ Wolfe, Charles (1999). Kentucky Country: Folk and Country Music of Kentucky. Univ. Kentucky Press. ISBN 0-8131-0879-9. 
  5. ↑ Commentary: The remix culture; How the folk process works in the 21st century. Prism Journal 7(3). Archived from the original on August 12, 2011. Retrieved on January 20, 2012.
  6. ↑ Jenkins, Henry (Mar–Apr 2000). "Digital Land Grab". Technology Review 103 (2): 103–105. 
  7. ↑ Pound, Louise (1922). American Ballads and Songs. C. Scribner and Sons. ISBN 9780684127378. 
  8. ↑ Walker, Rob (June 14, 2005). Name That Tune. gambit.com. Archived from the original on January 29, 2012. Retrieved on January 21, 2012.
  9. ↑ Goldstein, Kenneth. "The Unfortunate Rake: A Study in the Evolution of a Ballad", (liner notes to sound recording).
  10. ↑ Vowell, Sarah (Oct 6, 1999). The magical mystery tour. salon.com. Retrieved on January 21, 2012.
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