AquaSalina

AquaSalina bụ nnu de-icer nke e ji mmiri (ma ọ bụ brine) mepụta na olulu mmanụ na gas nke Duck Creek Energy. A na-enyocha ya na Cleveland, Ohio na Mogadore, Ohio.^[1]^[2] Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Njem na Ohio kwadoro AquaSalina n'afọ 2004, a na-erekwa ya na Lowe na ebe ndị ọzọ.^[3]^[4]

N'oge oyi nke afọ 2017-2018, Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Njem nke Ohio gbasapụrụ ihe karịrị 500,000 gallons nke AquaSalina deicer n'okporo ụzọ awara awara.^[1] N'oge oyi nke afọ 2018 2019, ha tinyere ihe karịrị galọn Narị isii na puku iri abụọ nke ya.^[2] N'oge oyi nke afọ 2018-2019, ha tinyere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ galọn Narị asatọ puku .^[5]

N'afọ 2017, Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Ndị Dị n'Ohio (ODNR) nwalere ihe nlele ma chọta ọkwa radium dị elu, dịka onye ọkà mmụta sayensị nke Mahadum Duquesne, onye kpọrọ ya "ihe egwu". Ọ bụ ezie na ule ODNR gosipụtara na nsonaazụ ya ji okpukpu 300 karịa ka a na-ekwe ka ọ dị na mmiri ọṅụṅụ ma karịa ọkwa a na-enye ohere maka ịpụpụ nke ihe mkpofu radioactive, ọ mezuru ụkpụrụ ha iji mee ihe dị ka deicer.^[1] N'ụzọ doro anya, 0.005 picocuries kwa liter nke radium ka a na-ekwe ka a tụfuo ya, mana enweghị njedebe maka ịgbasa n'okporo ụzọ. Ihe nlele ODNR nwere n'etiti Iri isii na isii na Puku itoolu na narị isii na abụọ picocuries kwa liter, gụnyere otu ihe nlele nke dị elu karịa brine.^[2]^[5]

E webatara ọtụtụ iwu na ndị omeiwu Ohio site n'afọ 2017 ruo afọ 2019 iji tụlee brine deicers dị ka ngwaahịa, kama ihe mkpofu na-egbu egbu, iji wepụ ha na nyocha ODNR.^[2]

Ikpe ịgba mmiri[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Duck Creek Energy meriri ikpe nkwutọ na 2013 megide mmadụ abụọ kwuru na AquaSalina bụ "ihe mkpofu" ma ọ bụ "mmiri mmiri". Ebe AquaSalina si enweta bụ mmanụ na olulu mmiri kwụ ọtọ, ọ bụghị olulu mmiri na-agbawa agbawa. E kwere ka ha gaa n'ihu na-akọwa ya dị ka "nsi". Mkpebi ahụ mere ọdịiche na-ekwupụta AquaSalina "bụ" na "nwere" mmiri na-asọ oyi.^[6]^[3]

Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Kuzydym. Serious questions about radioactive element in highway de-icer. WKRC. Retrieved on 22 January 2020. “The Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) tested AquaSalina for radioactivity and, in June and July of 2017, issued reports finding, on average, AquaSalina contains radium levels at 300 times higher than the federal standard for safe drinking water.”
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 McCarty. "Radioactive road deicer rules under review by Ohio legislature; debate over public safety continues", The Plain Dealer, 10 February 2019. “Members of the state legislature rejected the reports’ findings, introducing a law last year that would ease regulations on AquaSalina, treating it as a commodity rather than toxic waste derived from oil- and gas-drilling operations. The law would also prevent ODNR from imposing any additional requirements.”
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 "Brecksville-based energy company wins defamation lawsuit", Akron Beacon Journal, November 11, 2013. “Duck Creek Energy, based in Brecksville, Ohio, created AquaSalina(TM) in 2003 and received approval for its use as a deicer and dust suppressant from the Ohio Department of Natural Resources in 2004.”
↑ Hopey. "Radium found in commercial roadway de-icing, dust suppression brine", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, July 2, 2018. “Among the sites where the ODNR obtained AquaSalina for testing in June 2017 was a Lowe’s home improvement store in Canton, Ohio, and a hardware store in Hartville, Stark County, south of Akron.”
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Burger. "Environmentalists question use of radioactive brine waste to treat roads", The Columbus Dispatch, October 23, 2019. “Data from state testing shows that in at least one case there were 9,602 picocuries per liter for combined amounts of radium-226 and radium-228. The lowest level was 66. Environmentalists note that Ohio law allows no more than 0.005 picocuries of radium per liter of oil and gas fracking waste to be placed in landfills in the state. Yet state law allows for processed brine waste to be spread on Ohio’s roadways without a cap on its radiation levels because the state claims it is a naturally occurring byproduct.”
↑ Shingler. "Calling a deicer 'toxic' leads to heated exchanges", Crain's Cleveland Business, 1 December 2013. “The court cited the difference, saying the product 'contains' fracking water as opposed to saying it 'is' fracking water. Statements the women made that AquaSalina is “toxic” or that it contains harmful levels of benzene also did not result in a judgment against them, in part because the court said those were matters of opinion. But the court did rule that the women were wrong to tell others that AquaSalina is fracking water, and that they made statements they knew or should have known were false. It found the women sent emails and that 'statements that AquaSalina is "frac water" or a by-product thereof were published with actual malice.'”

Piette. "Big Oil and Gas spread the 'Big Lie' about toxic waste", Workers World, 14 February 2020.
Lodge. "Don't be fooled - don't buy bottled radioactive waste!", The Columbus Freepress, 16 March 2018.

[loca_Seri-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Kuzydym. Serious questions about radioactive element in highway de-icer. WKRC. Retrieved on 22 January 2020. “The Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) tested AquaSalina for radioactivity and, in June and July of 2017, issued reports finding, on average, AquaSalina contains radium levels at 300 times higher than the federal standard for safe drinking water.”

[cpd-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 McCarty. "Radioactive road deicer rules under review by Ohio legislature; debate over public safety continues", The Plain Dealer, 10 February 2019. “Members of the state legislature rejected the reports’ findings, introducing a law last year that would ease regulations on AquaSalina, treating it as a commodity rather than toxic waste derived from oil- and gas-drilling operations. The law would also prevent ODNR from imposing any additional requirements.”

[beaconjournal20131111-3] 3.0 ^3.1 "Brecksville-based energy company wins defamation lawsuit", Akron Beacon Journal, November 11, 2013. “Duck Creek Energy, based in Brecksville, Ohio, created AquaSalina(TM) in 2003 and received approval for its use as a deicer and dust suppressant from the Ohio Department of Natural Resources in 2004.”

[post_Radi-4] Hopey. "Radium found in commercial roadway de-icing, dust suppression brine", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, July 2, 2018. “Among the sites where the ODNR obtained AquaSalina for testing in June 2017 was a Lowe’s home improvement store in Canton, Ohio, and a hardware store in Hartville, Stark County, south of Akron.”

[disp_Envi-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Burger. "Environmentalists question use of radioactive brine waste to treat roads", The Columbus Dispatch, October 23, 2019. “Data from state testing shows that in at least one case there were 9,602 picocuries per liter for combined amounts of radium-226 and radium-228. The lowest level was 66. Environmentalists note that Ohio law allows no more than 0.005 picocuries of radium per liter of oil and gas fracking waste to be placed in landfills in the state. Yet state law allows for processed brine waste to be spread on Ohio’s roadways without a cap on its radiation levels because the state claims it is a naturally occurring byproduct.”

[crai_Call-6] Shingler. "Calling a deicer 'toxic' leads to heated exchanges", Crain's Cleveland Business, 1 December 2013. “The court cited the difference, saying the product 'contains' fracking water as opposed to saying it 'is' fracking water. Statements the women made that AquaSalina is “toxic” or that it contains harmful levels of benzene also did not result in a judgment against them, in part because the court said those were matters of opinion. But the court did rule that the women were wrong to tell others that AquaSalina is fracking water, and that they made statements they knew or should have known were false. It found the women sent emails and that 'statements that AquaSalina is "frac water" or a by-product thereof were published with actual malice.'”

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