Asụsụ Twana
| Twana tuwaduq | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | United States | |
| Region: | East Puget Sound, precisely the Hood Canal, Washington state | |
| Language extinction: | 1980 | |
| Language family: | Salishan Coast Salish Central Twana | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | twa | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Nke Twana (tuwaduq)[1] asụsụ, nke a makwaara dị ka Skokomish, bụ asụsụ Salish Coast nke ikpeazụ Salishan, nke Twana, ndị Indigenous na Hood Canal, na Washington kwuru. Ọ bụ ụfọdụ ndị okenye nọ n'ime obodo Skokomish (dị ka Bruce Subiyay Miller) kwenyere na asụsụ ahụ si na Lushootseed pụta. (Asụsụ Salish Coast gbara agbata obi) n'ihi ọdịnala na-enweghị isi na mpaghara aha onye nwụrụ otu afọ mgbe ha nwụsịrị. A hụrụ okwu ndị nọchiri anya n'ọnọdụ ha ma na-emekarị ka ọ dị mma n'ime obodo, na-ebute ọdịiche site n'otu obodo gaa n'ọzọ. Subiyay chere na usoro a mụbara ọnụ ọgụgụ mbugharị n'etitiv asụsụ wee kewapụ Twana nke ọma na Lushootseed.[Tinye edensibịa][citation needed]
Onye ikpeazụ na-ekwu okwu nke ọma nwụrụ na 1980.
Agbụrụ ndị India nke Skokomish wepụtara akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Twana n'ịntanetị na 2020. [1]
Aha ahụ [2] "Skokomish" bụ Anglicization nke okwu Twana squ Норʔbəš ma ọ pụtara "ndị osimiri" ma ọ bụ "ndị nke osimiri". [1] [3] [4]
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Mkpịsị aka | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| etiti | sibilant | n'akụkụ | ala dị larịị | ụlọ nyocha | ala dị larịị | ụlọ nyocha | |||||
| Plosive/Africate |
ala dị larịị | p | t | ts | tʃ | k | kʷ | q | qʷ | ʔ | |
| ejective | pʼ | tʼ | tsʼ | tɬʼ | tʃʼ | kʼ | kʷʼ | qʼʼ | qʷʼ | ||
| kwuru okwu | b | d | d͡z[lower-alpha 1] | d͡ʒ[lower-alpha 1] | ɡọ[lower-alpha 1] | ɡʷ[lower-alpha 1] | |||||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | s | ɬ | ʃ | x[lower-alpha 2] | xʷ | χ | χʷ | h | |||
| Ọkụ na-ada ụda | ala dị larịị | m | n | l | j | w | |||||
| Glottalized | ˀm | ˀl | ˀj | ˀw | |||||||
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Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Lushootseed
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
n'ime obodo Skokomish (dị ka Bruce Subiyay Miller) kwenyere na asụsụ ahụ si na Lushootseed pụta. (Asụsụ Salish Coast gbara agbata obi) n'ihi ọdịnala na-enweghị isi na mpaghara aha
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Drachman (2020). tuwaduq: The Twana Language E-Dictionary Project. Skokomish Indian Tribe. Drachman, Gaberell (2020). tuwaduq: The Twana Language E-Dictionary Project. Skokomish Indian Tribe.
- ↑ The Skokomish Tribal Nation. Archived from the original on 2008-05-10. Retrieved on 2024-02-27.
- ↑ Bright (2004). Native American Placenames of the United States. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0-8061-3598-4. Retrieved on 3 November 2010.
- ↑ Wray (2003). "Skokomish: Twana Descendants", Native Peoples of the Olympic Peninsula: Who We Are. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0-8061-3552-6. Retrieved on 3 November 2010.
- ↑ Drachman (1969). Twana Phonology. Department of Linguistics, Ohio State University.