Nri na ime ime
Nutrition na ime putara iri ihe ndi mma aga eri tupu ma mgbe amuruchara.Nutritiom maka fetus bidoro na nturu ime,maka ya, nutrition nkem onye nne ka mkpa tupu odiri ime(na atumadi onwa tupu)ma mgbe odi ime na inye ara.mgbago onuogugu akwukwo egosila na nutrition onye nne ga enwe ihe na ebe nwra ahu no,enwekwara Ike new oghom dika cancer,oria cardiovascular,obara mbalielu na oria sugar ogologo ndu ya.[1]
Erizighi ma obu nnukwu nutienti enwerike ibute mmebi ma obu nsogbu ebe fetus no,ma obu mmebi ihe na ebe ndi me na anaghi erizi nri ofuma ndi. [2]igbako 24 percent umuaka n'uwa nille ka amuru na ntakiri weight maka erizighi nrie[3]ihe mmadu ji aka ya bido dika inu oke mmayi na aba na n'anya ma obu nnukwu caffeine ga emebi uto nwatakiri, nke na eme na mbidosu ime.[4]
Iriko caffeine oge ime jikoro na mgbago oguma n'imeo ipu.[5]ihe achoputara goziri ihe ekwur maka uru di na ita oke azu oge ime na ewepu oghom di n'ime,odiri azu ahu dikwa mkpa.
[6]folic acid,nke bu aruruaru vitamin folate di critical mana pre na peri itu ime.[7]
Nri tupu afo ime[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Dika odi otutu nri,enwere ohere imefe ihe,ka odu ma nke steeti na nke ulo ogwu nyere bu ka ndi nne nsoro usoro eweputara na otu vitamin iji ruzie recommended daily allowance (RDA).oge niile iji iron na akwalite ezibo omumu,na eweputu oghom di na obere omumu.[8]
- A na-atụ aro mgbakwunye Folic acid tupu a tụụrụ ime, iji gbochie mmepe nke spina bifida na nkwarụ ndị ọzọ nke akwara akwara. A ga-ewere ya dị ka ọ dịkarịa ala 0.4 mg / ụbọchị n'ime ọnwa atọ mbụ nke afọ ime, 0.6 mg / ụbọchị site na afọ ime, na 0.5 mg / ụbọchị mgbe ị na-enye ara na mgbakwunye na iri nri jupụtara na folic acid dị ka akwụkwọ nri na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.[9]
- Ọnọdụ Iodine na-adịkarị ala n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị dị ime, na iodine dị mkpa maka ọrụ thyroid dị mma na uto uche nke nwa e bu n'afọ, ọbụnakwa Cretinism. Ụmụ nwanyị dị ime kwesịrị ịṅụ vitamin nwere iodine tupu a mụọ nwa.[10]
- Ọdịdị Vitamin D dịgasị iche na ìhè anyanwụ. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-eche na mgbakwunye dị mkpa naanị n'ebe ndị dị elu, nyocha ndị na-adịbeghị anya nke ọkwa Vitamin D na United States na ọtụtụ mba ndị ọzọ egosila ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere ọkwa dị ala. N'ihi nke a, enwere mmegharị na-eto eto iji tụọ aro mgbakwunye na 1000 IU nke Vitamin D kwa ụbọchị n'oge ime ime.[11]
- Achọpụtala na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ụmụ nwanyị dị ime nwere obere vitamin B12, mana egosighi na mgbakwunye iji melite nsonaazụ ime ime ma ọ bụ ahụike nke nwa ọhụrụ.[12]
- Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, karịsịa docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) na eicosapentaenoic acid, bara uru maka mmepe nwa. Ọtụtụ nnyocha egosila obere ihe ize ndụ nke ịmụ nwa n'oge na ịdị arọ dị ala n'ime ndị nne na-eri nri dị elu. [13][14]
- A chọrọ ígwè maka uto dị mma nke nwa e bu n'afọ na placenta, ọkachasị n'oge nke abụọ na nke atọ. A na-atụ aro na nkeji atọ nke mbụ na nke atọ ga-ejigide oke karịa gram 11 / deciliter nakwa na nkeji atọ ya nke abụọ nwere ọkwa karịrị gram 10.5 kwa deciliter.[15] Ọ dịkwa mkpa tupu ime ime maka mmepụta hemoglobin. Enweghị ihe akaebe na ọkwa hemoglobin nke gram 7 / 100 ml ma ọ bụ karịa na-emebi ime ime, mana a ghaghị ikweta na ọbara ọgbụgba nne bụ isi ihe na-akpata ọnwụ nne n'ụwa niile, na ikike nchekwa iji buru ikuku oxygen dị mma. Dị ka nyocha Cochrane si kwuo, mgbakwunye iron na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ nke anaemia nne na ụkọ iron n'ime ime mana mmetụta dị mma na nsonaazụ nne na nwa ọhụrụ ndị ọzọ adịchaghị mma.[16]
- ↑ Cancer Prevention During Early Life (en-us). cdc.gov (2020-07-14). Retrieved on 2020-10-29.
- ↑ (2003) Human Nutrition - A Health Perspective. London: Arnold. ISBN 978-0-340-81025-5.
- ↑ WHO | 10 facts on nutrition. World Health Organization (2011-03-15). Archived from the original on November 16, 2008. Retrieved on 2011-08-07.
- ↑ (2006) Pregnancy: The Ultimate Week-by-Week Pregnancy Guide. Meredith Books, 21–22. ISBN 978-0-696-22221-4.
- ↑ (May 2016) "Maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and risk of pregnancy loss: a categorical and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies". Public Health Nutrition 19 (7): 1233–1244. DOI:10.1017/S1368980015002463. PMID 26329421.
- ↑ (March 2015) "Fish intake during pregnancy and foetal neurodevelopment--a systematic review of the evidence". Nutrients 7 (3): 2001–2014. DOI:10.3390/nu7032001. PMID 25793632.
- ↑ (2006) "Nutrition in pregnancy". British Nutrition Foundation 31: 28–59. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-3010.2006.00541.x.
- ↑ (June 2013) "Anaemia, prenatal iron use, and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis". BMJ 346. DOI:10.1136/bmj.f3443. PMID 23794316.
- ↑ (2001) Drugs During Pregnancy and Lactation: Handbook of Prescription Drugs and Comparative Risk Assessment. Gulf Professional Publishing. ISBN 9780444507631. Retrieved on 2015-05-13.
- ↑ (2006) Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781741330. Retrieved on 2015-05-13.
- ↑ (March 2013) "Association between maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies". BMJ 346: f1169. DOI:10.1136/bmj.f1169. PMID 23533188.
- ↑ (2011) Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9781608317080. Retrieved on 2015-05-13.
- ↑ (July 2012) "Effect of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid intake during pregnancy on maternal, infant, and child health outcomes: a systematic review". Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 26 (Suppl 1): 91–107. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3016.2012.01292.x. PMID 22742604.
- ↑ (June 2006) "Effects of n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 83 (6 Suppl): 1452S–1457S. DOI:10.1093/ajcn/83.6.1452S. PMID 16841854.
- ↑ (August 2020) "The relationship between maternal anemia during pregnancy with preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis". The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 33 (15): 2679–2689. DOI:10.1080/14767058.2018.1555811. PMID 30522368.
- ↑ (July 2015) "Daily oral iron supplementation during pregnancy". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015 (7): CD004736. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD004736.pub5. PMID 26198451.