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Faịlụ:Female atrocity victim, Congo, ca. 1900-1915 (IMP-CSCNWW33-OS10-22).jpg

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English: Female atrocity victim, Congo, ca. 1900-1915.
  • At the Congo Balolo Mission, in colonial Congo Free State, (present day Democratic Republic of the Congo).
  • Tinted lantern slide titled "The Congo Atrocities" showing a young woman. The woman wears a short waist wrap and holds a long wooden cane, since one of her feet has been amputated. ::*The woman was probably a worker on a Congolese rubber plantation, a victim of the "Congo Atrocities", punishment, murders and mutilations (including amputation) that took place on colonial rubber plantations in the Congo Free State, a territory privately owned by Belgian King Leopold II, who expolited it for its plant and mineral resources.
  • Workers on rubber plantations were paid with worthless goods, and it this imbalance of trade that shipping clerk Edmund Morel reported in his columns for The West African Mail, noticing that weapons were going into the country to control the rubber workers. An investigation took place in the British Parliament, but missionaries felt that they could do nothing in the face of veiled threats by King Leopold II, on whose territory they were preaching.
  • In 1895, Dr Harry Guinness heard first hand witness accounts of amputations, and became involved in the cause to end the brutality on the plantations, helping to form the Congo Reform Association in 1904. International intervention forced Leopold II to abdicate in the same year, and although reforms began under his successor, Albert, change in the rubber plantations would not take effect for some time.
  • This slide was part of a set by Congo Balolo Mission missionary and photographer Alice Seely Harris, who with her husband John Harris used these slides in magic lantern shows across the country to bring the injustices against Congolese workers to public attention.
  • This slide comes from a collection generated by missionaries working for the Congo-Balolo Mission, a mission begun in 1889 under the supervision of the East London Training Institute for Home and Foreign Missions that developed into the interdenominational evangelical mission Regions Beyond Missionary Union after 1900.
Photographer: Unknown
Subject (personal name): Guinness, H. Grattan (Henry Grattan), 1861-1915; Léopold II, King of the Belgians, 1835-1909
Filename: IMP-CSCNWW33-OS10-22.tif
Coverage date: 1900/1915
Subject (unesco): Genocide; Women
Part of collection: International Mission Photography Archive, ca.1860-ca.1960
Part of subcollection: Photographs from the Centre for the Study of World Christianity, University of Edinburgh, U.K., ca.1900-ca.1940s
Subject (corporate name): Congo Balolo Mission
Repository name: Centre for the Study of World Christianity
Archival file: Volume2/IMP-CSCNWW33-OS10-22.tif
Repository address: The University of Edinburgh School of Divinity, New College, Mound Place, Edinburgh EH1 2LX, United Kingdom
Geographic subject (country): Congo
Format (aacr2): lantern slides 8.2 x 8.2cm
Geographic subject (continent): Africa
Rights: Contact the repository for details.
Part of series: Regions Beyond Missionary Union. Congo Lantern Slides (CSCNWW33/OS10)
Repository email: divinity-CSWC@ed.ac.uk
Date created: 1900/1915
Publisher (of the digital version): University of Southern California. Libraries
Subject (aat genre): portraits
Format (aat): lantern slides; photographs
Access conditions: http://www.ed.ac.uk/schools-departments/divinity/research/centres/world-christianity/collections-resources
Geographic subject: agricultural sites
File: CSCNWW33/OS10/22
Subject (lcsh): Crimes against humanity; Atrocities; Rubber plantations; Women--Africa
Ǹgụ́ụ̀bọ̀chị̀ 1900/1915 (date created)
Mkpọlọ́gwụ̀ http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15799coll123/id/78039
Odé ákwụ́kwọ́ Unknown authorUnknown author

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