Afọ ime: Ọdịiche dị n'etiti nyochagharị

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'''Afọ ime''',nke amakwa dịka'' 'ibu nwa n’afọ''','''bụ oge'''[[otu nwa maọbụ]] karịa dị [[n’ime afọ nwaanyị]].<ref name=NIH2013Def>{{cite web|title=Pregnancy: Condition Information|url=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/Pages/default.aspx|website=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/|accessdate=14 March 2015|date=2013-12-19}}</ref> Inwekarị otu nwa [[n’abụkarị|nke akpọrọ ejima]][[]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Wylie|first1=Linda|title=Essential anatomy and physiology in maternity care|date=2005|publisher=Churchill Livingstone|location=Edinburgh|isbn=9780443100413|page=172|edition=Second Edition|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=QgpOvSDxGGYC&pg=PA172}}</ref> Nwaanyị [[pụrụ ịdị ime mgbe ]]ya na nwoke nweere mmekọahụ[[maọbụ mgbe eji nka n'ụzụ bekee mee ka okwe omume]]. Ọ na-anọ ihe ruru izu 40([[ihe ruru ọnwa 10)]]mgbe nwaanyị hụsịrị nsọ ya [[ma]] nọgidezie ruo mgbe [[ọmụrụ nwa ahụ]].<ref name=NIH2013Def/><ref name=Ab2011/> Nke a bụ ihe dịka izu ụka 38[[mgbe |nwaanyị tụụrụ ime]].<!-- <ref name=Ab2011> --> An [[embryo]] is the developing offspring during the first 8 weeks following conception after which the term [[fetus]] is used until birth.<ref name=Ab2011>{{cite book|last1=Abman|first1=Steven H.|title=Fetal and neonatal physiology|date=2011|publisher=Elsevier/Saunders|location=Philadelphia|isbn=9781416034797|pages=46-47|edition=4th ed.|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=OyVDJoOIvbYC&pg=PA46}}</ref> Ihe eji ama na nwaanyị atụrụla ime gụnyere ahụzighị nsọ ya, inwe obere ara,[[mmiri ịgbapụta ya n’imi na ịgbọ agbọ|, agụụ ịgụ ya mgbe mgbe na ịnyụ mamịrị]].<ref>{{cite web|title=What are some common signs of pregnancy?|url=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/Pages/signs.aspx|website=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/|accessdate=14 March 2015|date=07/12/2013}}</ref> A na aga n’ụlọọgwụ eme nchọpụta [[ma nwaanyị ọdị ime]].<ref>{{cite web|title=How do I know if I’m pregnant?|url=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/Pages/know.aspx|website=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/|accessdate=14 March 2015|date=2012-11-30}}</ref>
'''Afọ ime''',nke amakwa dịka'' 'ibu nwa n’afọ''','''bụ oge'''[[otu nwa maọbụ]] karịa dị [[n’ime afọ nwaanyị]].<ref name=NIH2013Def>{{cite web|title=Pregnancy: Condition Information|url=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/Pages/default.aspx|website=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/|accessdate=14 March 2015|date=2013-12-19}}</ref> Inwekarị otu nwa [[n’abụkarị|nke akpọrọ ejima]][[]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Wylie|first1=Linda|title=Essential anatomy and physiology in maternity care|date=2005|publisher=Churchill Livingstone|location=Edinburgh|isbn=9780443100413|page=172|edition=Second Edition|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=QgpOvSDxGGYC&pg=PA172}}</ref> Nwaanyị [[pụrụ ịdị ime mgbe]]ya na nwoke nweere mmekọahụ[[maọbụ mgbe eji nka n'ụzụ bekee mee ka okwe omume]]. Ọ na-anọ ihe ruru izu 40([[ihe ruru ọnwa 10)]]mgbe nwaanyị hụsịrị nsọ ya [[ma]] nọgidezie ruo mgbe [[ọmụrụ nwa ahụ]].<ref name=NIH2013Def/><ref name=Ab2011/> Nke a bụ ihe dịka izu ụka 38[[mgbe |nwaanyị tụụrụ ime]].<!-- <ref name=Ab2011> --> An [[embryo]] is the developing offspring during the first 8 weeks following conception after which the term [[fetus]] is used until birth.<ref name=Ab2011>{{cite book|last1=Abman|first1=Steven H.|title=Fetal and neonatal physiology|date=2011|publisher=Elsevier/Saunders|location=Philadelphia|isbn=9781416034797|pages=46-47|edition=4th ed.|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=OyVDJoOIvbYC&pg=PA46}}</ref> Ihe eji ama na nwaanyị atụrụla ime gụnyere ahụzighị nsọ ya, inwe obere ara,[[mmiri ịgbapụta ya n’imi na ịgbọ agbọ|, agụụ ịgụ ya mgbe mgbe na ịnyụ mamịrị]].<ref>{{cite web|title=What are some common signs of pregnancy?|url=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/Pages/signs.aspx|website=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/|accessdate=14 March 2015|date=07/12/2013}}</ref> A na aga n’ụlọọgwụ eme nchọpụta [[ma nwaanyị ọdị ime]].<ref>{{cite web|title=How do I know if I’m pregnant?|url=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/Pages/know.aspx|website=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/|accessdate=14 March 2015|date=2012-11-30}}</ref>


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Oge afọ ime kere ụzọ atọ.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> Nke mbụ[[bụ site n’otu izu ụka ruo izu ụka iri na abụọ]]bụ mgbe atụụrụ ime.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> ịtụrụ ime n’esonye [[mgbe akwa nke si na mkpụrụ ndụ nwoke ]]banyere n’oghere nke nọ nso n’akpa nwa[[nke ga-ebido]]ghọọ obere nwa ọhụrụ[[]][[]].<ref name=NIH2013Def/> N’oge a, ime n’apụkarị ụmụ nwaanyị[[]](nke na nwa ahụ nwere ike ịnwụ n’afọ)<ref name=John2012>{{cite book|title=The Johns Hopkins Manual of Gynecology and Obstetrics|date=2012|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9781451148015|page=438|edition=4|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=4Sg5sXyiBvkC&pg=PA438}}</ref> Ogo nke abụọ ya bụ nke n’esite n’izu ụka nke 13 ruo na nke 28.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> Mgbe ahụ ka ihe n’egosi na nwa dị n’ime akpa nwa ga-aputa ihe.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> N’izu ụka nke 28[[ihe karịrị pasent 90|nke ụmụ ọhụrụ ga-enwe ike dị ndụ maọbụrụgodi na ha anọghị n’ime akpa nwa.]]Naanị maọbụrụ n’elezie ha anya nkeọma.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> Ogo nke atọ ya bụ site n’izu ụka nke 29 ruo nke 40.<ref name=NIH2013Def/>
Oge afọ ime kere ụzọ atọ.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> Nke mbụ[[bụ site n’otu izu ụka ruo izu ụka iri na abụọ]]bụ mgbe atụụrụ ime.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> ịtụrụ ime n’esonye [[mgbe akwa nke si na mkpụrụ ndụ nwoke]]banyere n’oghere nke nọ nso n’akpa nwa[[nke ga-ebido]]ghọọ obere nwa ọhụrụ[[]][[]].<ref name=NIH2013Def/> N’oge a, ime n’apụkarị ụmụ nwaanyị[[]](nke na nwa ahụ nwere ike ịnwụ n’afọ)<ref name=John2012>{{cite book|title=The Johns Hopkins Manual of Gynecology and Obstetrics|date=2012|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9781451148015|page=438|edition=4|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=4Sg5sXyiBvkC&pg=PA438}}</ref> Ogo nke abụọ ya bụ nke n’esite n’izu ụka nke 13 ruo na nke 28.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> Mgbe ahụ ka ihe n’egosi na nwa dị n’ime akpa nwa ga-aputa ihe.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> N’izu ụka nke 28[[ihe karịrị pasent 90|nke ụmụ ọhụrụ ga-enwe ike dị ndụ maọbụrụgodi na ha anọghị n’ime akpa nwa.]]Naanị maọbụrụ n’elezie ha anya nkeọma.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> Ogo nke atọ ya bụ site n’izu ụka nke 29 ruo nke 40.<ref name=NIH2013Def/>


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Inwe ezi nlezianya nye nwaanyị mgbe odị ime [[n’enyeaka mgbe nwaanyị dị ime.]]<ref name=NIH2013Prenatal/> Nke a gụnyere iwerekwu ọgwụ nke akpọrọ fọlik asid,[[n’izere ọgwụ ndị dị iche ekwesịghị iji mee ihe na mmanya n’aba na anya,]]ịga megharịa ahụ,ile ogo ọbara dị onye ahụ n’ahụ,[[n’ịga ele ahụ site n’oge ruo n’oge]].<ref name=NIH2013Prenatal>{{cite web|title=What is prenatal care and why is it important?|url=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/Pages/prenatal-care.aspx|website=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/|accessdate=14 March 2015|date=07/12/2013}}</ref> [[nsogbu n’esi n’afọ ime apụta]]n’agụnye[[ume ịcha ọkụ,|ọbara mgbali elu,]] ọrịa ịnyụ mamịrị aghara aghara,[[enweghị ihe niile ahụ chọrọ maka ahụ isi nwaanyị ike,]]ọbara ịgba nwaanyị n’imi [[,]]ịgbọ agbọ[[na ihe ndịọzọ.]]<ref>{{cite web|title=What are some common complications of pregnancy?|url=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/Pages/complications.aspx|website=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/|accessdate=14 March 2015|date=07/12/2013}}</ref> Oge atụrụ anya ka afọ ime nọrọ tupu ya ezuo bụ izu ụka nke 37 ruo 41, nke atụrụ anya n’ọ ga-ebido na izu ụka nke 37 na nke 38, ruo mgbe otozuru na izu ụka nke 39 na 40, mana oruo nke 41, ọgafeela.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> Mgbe ọgafere izu ụka nke 41, a na-ahụta ya n’ọgafeela mgbe kwesirị.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> Ụmụaka amụrụ tupu izu ụka nke 37 ezuo [[n’anọ n’ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa ]] nke n’eme ka [[onye uche ya ezughị ezu.]]<ref name=NIH2013Def/> A na-atụ aro ka aghara [[ime ka ime bido mewe nwaanyi mgbe oge erubghị]] maọbụ [[ịwa ya afọ]] tupu [[izu ụka]] 39 eruo, ọgwụla ma onwere ihe mere a ga-eji mee ya otu ahụ n’ihi ọnọdụ ahụike.<ref name=WHO2014>{{cite web |url= http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs363/en/ |title=Preterm birth Fact sheet N°363 |author=World Health Organization |work=who.int |date=November 2014 |accessdate=6 Mar 2015}}</ref>
Inwe ezi nlezianya nye nwaanyị mgbe odị ime [[n’enyeaka mgbe nwaanyị dị ime.]]<ref name=NIH2013Prenatal/> Nke a gụnyere iwerekwu ọgwụ nke akpọrọ fọlik asid,[[n’izere ọgwụ ndị dị iche ekwesịghị iji mee ihe na mmanya n’aba na anya,]]ịga megharịa ahụ,ile ogo ọbara dị onye ahụ n’ahụ,[[n’ịga ele ahụ site n’oge ruo n’oge]].<ref name=NIH2013Prenatal>{{cite web|title=What is prenatal care and why is it important?|url=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/Pages/prenatal-care.aspx|website=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/|accessdate=14 March 2015|date=07/12/2013}}</ref> [[nsogbu n’esi n’afọ ime apụta]]n’agụnye[[ume ịcha ọkụ,|ọbara mgbali elu,]] ọrịa ịnyụ mamịrị aghara aghara,[[enweghị ihe niile ahụ chọrọ maka ahụ isi nwaanyị ike,]]ọbara ịgba nwaanyị n’imi [[,]]ịgbọ agbọ[[na ihe ndịọzọ.]]<ref>{{cite web|title=What are some common complications of pregnancy?|url=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo/Pages/complications.aspx|website=http://www.nichd.nih.gov/|accessdate=14 March 2015|date=07/12/2013}}</ref> Oge atụrụ anya ka afọ ime nọrọ tupu ya ezuo bụ izu ụka nke 37 ruo 41, nke atụrụ anya n’ọ ga-ebido na izu ụka nke 37 na nke 38, ruo mgbe otozuru na izu ụka nke 39 na 40, mana oruo nke 41, ọgafeela.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> Mgbe ọgafere izu ụka nke 41, a na-ahụta ya n’ọgafeela mgbe kwesirị.<!-- <ref name=NIH2013Def/> --> Ụmụaka amụrụ tupu izu ụka nke 37 ezuo [[n’anọ n’ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa]] nke n’eme ka [[onye uche ya ezughị ezu.]]<ref name=NIH2013Def/> A na-atụ aro ka aghara [[ime ka ime bido mewe nwaanyi mgbe oge erubghị]] maọbụ [[ịwa ya afọ]] tupu [[izu ụka]] 39 eruo, ọgwụla ma onwere ihe mere a ga-eji mee ya otu ahụ n’ihi ọnọdụ ahụike.<ref name=WHO2014>{{cite web |url= http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs363/en/ |title=Preterm birth Fact sheet N°363 |author=World Health Organization |work=who.int |date=November 2014 |accessdate=6 Mar 2015}}</ref>


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Orübà nà ógè 16:33, 22 Septemba 2019

Afọ ime
Nhazi na ihe ndị enwetara n’ime
Nwaanyị dị ime
ICD-10Z33
ICD-9650
DiseasesDB10545
MedlinePlus002398
MeSHD011247

'Afọ ime,nke amakwa dịka 'ibu nwa n’afọ,bụ ogeotu nwa maọbụ karịa dị n’ime afọ nwaanyị.[1] Inwekarị otu nwa nke akpọrọ ejima[[]].[2] Nwaanyị pụrụ ịdị ime mgbeya na nwoke nweere mmekọahụmaọbụ mgbe eji nka n'ụzụ bekee mee ka okwe omume. Ọ na-anọ ihe ruru izu 40(ihe ruru ọnwa 10)mgbe nwaanyị hụsịrị nsọ ya ma nọgidezie ruo mgbe ọmụrụ nwa ahụ.[1][3] Nke a bụ ihe dịka izu ụka 38nwaanyị tụụrụ ime. An embryo is the developing offspring during the first 8 weeks following conception after which the term fetus is used until birth.[3] Ihe eji ama na nwaanyị atụrụla ime gụnyere ahụzighị nsọ ya, inwe obere ara,, agụụ ịgụ ya mgbe mgbe na ịnyụ mamịrị.[4] A na aga n’ụlọọgwụ eme nchọpụta ma nwaanyị ọdị ime.[5]

Oge afọ ime kere ụzọ atọ. Nke mbụbụ site n’otu izu ụka ruo izu ụka iri na abụọbụ mgbe atụụrụ ime. ịtụrụ ime n’esonye mgbe akwa nke si na mkpụrụ ndụ nwokebanyere n’oghere nke nọ nso n’akpa nwanke ga-ebidoghọọ obere nwa ọhụrụ[[]][[]].[1] N’oge a, ime n’apụkarị ụmụ nwaanyị[[]](nke na nwa ahụ nwere ike ịnwụ n’afọ)[6] Ogo nke abụọ ya bụ nke n’esite n’izu ụka nke 13 ruo na nke 28. Mgbe ahụ ka ihe n’egosi na nwa dị n’ime akpa nwa ga-aputa ihe. N’izu ụka nke 28nke ụmụ ọhụrụ ga-enwe ike dị ndụ maọbụrụgodi na ha anọghị n’ime akpa nwa.Naanị maọbụrụ n’elezie ha anya nkeọma. Ogo nke atọ ya bụ site n’izu ụka nke 29 ruo nke 40.[1]

Inwe ezi nlezianya nye nwaanyị mgbe odị ime n’enyeaka mgbe nwaanyị dị ime.[7] Nke a gụnyere iwerekwu ọgwụ nke akpọrọ fọlik asid,n’izere ọgwụ ndị dị iche ekwesịghị iji mee ihe na mmanya n’aba na anya,ịga megharịa ahụ,ile ogo ọbara dị onye ahụ n’ahụ,n’ịga ele ahụ site n’oge ruo n’oge.[7] nsogbu n’esi n’afọ ime apụtan’agụnyeọbara mgbali elu, ọrịa ịnyụ mamịrị aghara aghara,enweghị ihe niile ahụ chọrọ maka ahụ isi nwaanyị ike,ọbara ịgba nwaanyị n’imi ,ịgbọ agbọna ihe ndịọzọ.[8] Oge atụrụ anya ka afọ ime nọrọ tupu ya ezuo bụ izu ụka nke 37 ruo 41, nke atụrụ anya n’ọ ga-ebido na izu ụka nke 37 na nke 38, ruo mgbe otozuru na izu ụka nke 39 na 40, mana oruo nke 41, ọgafeela. Mgbe ọgafere izu ụka nke 41, a na-ahụta ya n’ọgafeela mgbe kwesirị. Ụmụaka amụrụ tupu izu ụka nke 37 ezuo n’anọ n’ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa nke n’eme ka onye uche ya ezughị ezu.[1] A na-atụ aro ka aghara ime ka ime bido mewe nwaanyi mgbe oge erubghị maọbụ ịwa ya afọ tupu izu ụka 39 eruo, ọgwụla ma onwere ihe mere a ga-eji mee ya otu ahụ n’ihi ọnọdụ ahụike.[9]

Ihe dịka nde 213 tụrụ ime na 2012, mana nde 190 si n’obodo ndi ka na emepe emepe, ebe nde 23 ndịọzọ si na mba ndị mepere emepe. Nke a bụ ihe dịka afọ ime 133 maka otu nwaanyị ndị nọ n’afọ 15 ruo 44.[10] Ihe dịka pasent 10 ruo 15 nke afọ ime nke putarala nke ọma n’apụ apụ.[6] N’afọ 2013 nsogbu afọ ime nke edekorọ edekọ gburu ihe karịrị 293,000 ma ewere ya tụnyere 377,000 n’afọ 1990. Ihe n’akpatakị ya gụnyere ọbara ịpụ mmadụ n’ahụ, nsogbu ndị n’esi n’iwepu afọ ime apụta,ọbara mgbali elu nke afọ ime n’ebuta, na ime imekata nwaanyị ma kwụsị[[]].[11] N’ụwa niile, pasent 40 nke afọ ime bụ nke emeghị nkwado maka ha. A na-ewepu ọtụtụ afọ ime ndị akwadoghị akwado’[[|]][10] Afọ ime ndị akwadoghị akwado tupu atụrụ na mba UnaIted Steeti, ụmụ nwaanyị ruru pasent 60 n’eji ọgwụ n’ihe mgbochi dị iche iche eme ihen’oge ndị ahụ ha chọpụtara na ha dị ime.[12]

Ebe akpọtụrụ uche

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Pregnancy: Condition Information (2013-12-19). Retrieved on 14 March 2015.
  2. ↑ (2005) Essential anatomy and physiology in maternity care, Second Edition, Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 9780443100413. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 (2011) Fetal and neonatal physiology, 4th ed., Philadelphia: Elsevier/Saunders, 46-47. ISBN 9781416034797. 
  4. ↑ What are some common signs of pregnancy? (07/12/2013). Retrieved on 14 March 2015.
  5. ↑ How do I know if I’m pregnant? (2012-11-30). Retrieved on 14 March 2015.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 (2012) The Johns Hopkins Manual of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 4, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9781451148015. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 What is prenatal care and why is it important? (07/12/2013). Retrieved on 14 March 2015.
  8. ↑ What are some common complications of pregnancy? (07/12/2013). Retrieved on 14 March 2015.
  9. ↑ World Health Organization (November 2014). Preterm birth Fact sheet N°363. who.int. Retrieved on 6 Mar 2015.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 (September 2014) "Intended and unintended pregnancies worldwide in 2012 and recent trends.". Studies in family planning 45 (3): 301-14. PMID 25207494. 
  11. ↑ (17 December 2014) "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.". Lancet. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMID 25530442. 
  12. ↑ The Johns Hopkins manual of gynecology and obstetrics, 4th, Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 382. ISBN 9781605474335. 
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