Ron Asụsụ
| obere ụdị nke | West Chadic A  |
|---|
Asụsụ Ron, Ronic ma ọ bụ Ron-Fyer, otu A.4 nke alaka West Chadic nke ezinụlọ asụsụ Afro-Asiatic, na-asụ na Plateau State, n'ebe ugwu etiti Nigeria.
Asụsụ Ron enweela mmetụta ukwuu site na Tarok.
Asụsụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Asụsụ Ron, na mmekọrịta ha, bụ:[1][2]
- Ron
- Fyer, TambasỤbọ akwara
- (alaka)
Blench (2019) [3] na-achịkọta ndị a na (Central) Ron/Run dialect cluster: Bokkos, Mbar, Daffo-Butura, Manguna, Mangar, Sha.
Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-ekwu na Ron bụ n'ezie njikọ dị mgbagwoju anya, Blench (2003) jụrụ abụọ n'ime njikọ ndị a tụrụ aro na Seibert (1998) [Sha na Mundat-Karfa na Mangar na Kulere/Richa]: [4]
- Ebe Ugwu: Fyer, TambasỤbọ akwara
- Ebe etiti: Bokkos, Daffo-Mbar-Butura, Monguna
- Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ: Sha, Mundat, Karfa
- Ndịda: Richa, Mangar
Aha na ebe
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'okpuru ebe a bụ ndepụta zuru oke nke aha asụsụ Ron, ndị mmadụ, na ebe ndị sitere na Blench (2019). [3]
| Asụsụ | Ìgwè | Asụsụ | Asụsụ ndị ọzọ | Aha nke aka maka asụsụ | Aha ndị ọzọ (dabere na ebe) | Aha ndị ọzọ maka asụsụ | Aha ndị ọzọ | Ndị ọkà okwu | Ebe (s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fyer | Obi dị mpako | 1,500 (1970); 10,000 (Blench 1999) | Plateau State, Mangu LGA | ||||||
| Karfa | Shagau | Kerifa | Duhwa | Karfa | Duhwa | Challa | 800 (SIL 1973) | Plateau State, Bokkos LGA | |
| Kulere | Tof, Richa, Kamwai: nke ikpeazụ gụnyere Marahai (Marhai) | Akande (Kamwaĩ, Àkàndí (Tof), Kande (Richa) | Tof, Richa, Kamwai | Korom Ɓoye | 6,500 (1925 Meek); 4,933 (1943 Ames); 8,000 (1973 SIL) | Plateau State, Bokkos LGA | |||
| Mundat | Mundat | Ron | Mundat | Mundat | Mundat | Plateau State, Bokkos LGA | |||
| Shagawu | Shagau | Anguna, Hurti, Ahurum, Ambwash, Gbwendeng, Nzuhwe (Duhwa) | Anguna Shagau | 20,000 (SIL) | Plateau State, Bokkos LGA | ||||
| Ụbọ akwara | Okpomọkụ | 3,000 (SIL) | Plateau State, Pankshin LGA | ||||||
| Ìgwè na-agba ọsọ | Gbalaga | Bokkos na Daffo-Mbar-Butura nwere njikọ chiri anya karịa Sha | Ron | Gbalaga | Challa, Cala, Chala, Challawa | 13,120 (1934 Ames); 60,000 (1985 UBS) | Plateau State, Bokkos LGA | ||
| Gbala Bokkos | Gbalaga | Bokkos, Baron | Ịgba ọsọ m | Bokos | Challa, Cala | ||||
| Gbalaga Daffo-Mbar-Butura | Gbalaga | Daffa, Mbar, Butura | Ron | Alis M Na-agba ọsọ | Batura | Mbar-uh | Challa | ||
| Manguna | Gbalaga | Manguna, Hurti, Dambwash, Mahurum, Gwande, Karfa (Duhwa) | Ron | Shagau | Anguna, Hurti, Duhwa, Agbwendeng, Ambwash, Ahurum | Anguna Shagau | Challa | 20,000 (SIL) | Plateau State, Bokkos LGA |
| Mangar | Gbalaga | Plateau State, Bokkos LGA | |||||||
| Sha | Gbalaga | 500 (SIL); ihe dị ka 1,000 (1970 Jungraithmayr) | Plateau State, Bokkos LGA |
Ihe owuwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ebe ọ bụ na asụsụ Ron na-emepụta njikọ dịgasị iche iche, nrụzigharị Ron adịghị mfe n'ihi enweghị nkwekọrịta ụda. [2] nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndị a gbazitere site n'asụsụ ndị agbata obi Niger-Congo Plateau nke Ron mụtara ma ọ bụ na-emekọrịta ihe.
[1] Proto-Ron nke Roger Blench bụ ndị a:
| Mba. | Bekee | Proto-Ron |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | onye | *naaf |
| 7. | enyi | **mwin |
| 19. | aha | * ngụkọta |
| 45. | anụ ahụ | *lo |
| 46. | isi | *hay |
| 49. | ọkpụkpụ | *kaʃ |
| 53. | ntị | *kumu |
| 54. | imi | **atin |
| 57. | ọnụ | *fo |
| 59. | ire | *liʃ |
| 61. | ezé | *haŋgor |
| 62. | molar | *ɓukum |
| 64. | akpịrịkpa | *njumut |
| 69. | akpịrị | *goroŋ |
| 72. | ara (nwaanyị) | *fofo |
| 73. | obi | * ise |
| 79. | ụgbọ mmiri | **mutuk |
| 83. | ogwe aka | *kukwat |
| 91. | úkwù | *maka |
| 107. | asọ, spittle | *lyal |
| 110. | mamịrị | *sar |
| 190. | M | *yin |
| 238. | Agụ iyi | **haram |
| 1072. | blow (ọnụ) | *fuɗ |
| 1089. | oku (ọkpụkpọ òkù) | *lahyal |
| 1157. | ọdịda | * ajị anụ |
| 1218. | ala | **nɗoro |
| 1241. | izute | *tof |
| 1249. | mepere emepe | *ɓwali |
| 1276. | put | *Ndị ikwu |
Ọdịdị
[dezie | dezie ebe o si][5]a na-ejikarị -a- infixes emepụta ọtụtụ aha n'asụsụ Ron.
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]anyanwụ Thailand, ma ọ bụ "Kasong" Chong, nke a na-ahazi ha abụọ dị ka "Central Chong" tinyere Samre, yabụ ma eleghị anya a ga-ewere ha dị ka olumba Samre karịa nke Chong. N'otu aka ahụ, asụsụ ndị a na-akpọ "Chung" na
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Blench, Roger. Comparative Ron wordlist.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Blench, Roger M. 2003. Why reconstructing comparative Ron is so problematic. In Wolff, Ekkehard (ed.), Topics in Chadic linguistics: papers from the 1st biennial international colloquium on the Chadic language family (Leipzig, July 5–8, 2001), 21-42. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Blench (2019). An Atlas of Nigerian Languages, 4th, Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation. Blench, Roger (2019). An Atlas of Nigerian Languages (4th ed.). Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "BlenchAtlas4" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Seibert, Uwe. 1998. Das Ron von Daffo (Jos-Plateau, Zentralnigeria): morphologische, syntaktische und textlinguistische Strukturen einer westtschadischen Sprache. (Europäische Hochschulschriften: Reihe XXVII: Asiatische und Afrikanische Studien, 66.) Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang
- ↑ Blench, Roger. 2021. The erosion of number marking in West Chadic Roger Blench. WOCAL, Leiden.
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