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Warbler nwere isi pinki

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Pink-headed warbler
Scientific classification edit
Missing taxonomy template (fix): Cardellina
Species:
Template:Taxonomy/CardellinaC. versicolor
Binomial name
Template:Taxonomy/CardellinaCardellina versicolor
Salvin, 1863
Range of pink-headed warbler
Synonyms

Ergaticus versicolor

Pink-headed warbler
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Parulidae
Genus: Cardellina
Species:
C. versicolor
Binomial name
Cardellina versicolor



Salvin, 1863
Range of pink-headed warbler
Synonyms

Ergaticus versicolor

Nnụnụ na-acha pinki pinki (Cardellina versicolor) bụ obere nnụnụ a na-ahụ n'ugwu ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke Guatemala na etiti na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke steeti Mexico nke Chiapas. Onye toro eto na-acha ọbara ọbara, nwere isi na obi na-acha odo odo. Ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị maka ndị bi na mmiri na ọkara mmiri pine-oak, osisi pine-evergreen na ọnụ ya, na ịdị elu sitere na 1,800-3,500 m (5,900-11,500 ) n'elu oke osimiri.

Nchịkọta

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Mgbe Osbert Salvin kọwara warbler nwere isi na-acha pinki pinki na 1864, o kenyere ya na ụdị Cardellina. E kenyere ya Setophaga, ụdị nke American redstart, tupu ebufee ya na ụdị Ergaticus na 1881.[2] Ọ bụ monotypic n'ofe oke ya, mana ọ na-emepụta superspecies na red warbler, nke a na-ahụ n'ugwu Mexico, n'ebe ugwu nke Isthmus nke Tehuantepec. N'agbanyeghị ọnụ ọgụgụ dị iche iche na ábụ́bà dị iche iche, a na-ewere ha abụọ mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka otu.[3]

Akwụkwọ zuru oke nke Irby Lovette na ndị ọrụ ibe ya na-enyocha DNA mitochondrial na nuklia nke wood-warblers chọpụtara na red na pink-headed warblers bụ ndị ikwu kacha nso nke ibe ha nakwa na nna nna ha si n'agbụrụ nke mere ka red-faced warbler. Ndị na-ede akwụkwọ tụrụ aro ịkwaga warblers na-acha ọbara ọbara na nke na-acha pinki pinki azụ na ụdị Cardellina, nke International Ornithologists' Union (IOC) nabatara.[4][5]

"Pink-headed warbler" ka IOC họpụtara dị ka aha gọọmentị, ọ bụkwa ihe na-ezo aka na njirimara ya kachasị ama.[5] Aha ụdị Cardellina bụ obere aha nke Italian cardella, aha mpaghara maka European goldfinch, ebe aha ya, versicolor, bụ Latin maka 'nke nwere ike ịgbanwe ma ọ bụ agba dị iche iche'.[6][7] Nke ikpeazụ a na-ezo aka na agba isi warbler na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke, dabere na akụkụ nke onye na-ekiri ya, na-ele ma ọ bụ na-acha pinki ma ọ bụ ọbara ọbara karịa ahụ ya niile.[8] N'asụsụ Spanish, a na-akpọ ụdị ahụ cabeza plateada ma ọ bụ 'isi ọlaọcha'.[9]

Nkọwa

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Ihe osise nke Joseph Wolf (1863)

The pink-headed warbler na-atụle 12.5-13.5 cm (4.9-5.3 in) n'ogologo, ma na-atụ 10 g (0.35 ).[10] Ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ábụ́bà yiri nke ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na ụmụ nwanyị, na nkezi, dị ntakịrị njọ n'ozuzu.[3] Onye toro eto nwere elu na-acha uhie uhie, obi na-acha odo odo na ala na-acha ọbara ọbara. Isi ya na-acha odo odo, nwere ihu na-acha ọbara ọbara, lores dusky na irises na-acha nchara nchara.[10][11] Ọnụ ya na-acha oji, mgbe ụfọdụ na-egosi ụcha mpi n'okpuru agbà, ụkwụ ya na-enwekwa anụ.[10]

Nwa ya na-acha nchara nchara na-acha ntakịrị.[10] Otú ọ dị, a na-egbutu ábụ́bà ahụ ngwa ngwa. Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha oge okpomọkụ, ụmụ nnụnụ fọrọ nke nta ka ha ghara ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị okenye; ọ bụ naanị okpokoro isi ha na-enweghị mmetụta na-eme ka ha dị iche.[12]

Olu

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Mkpu nke warbler nwere isi na-acha pinki pinki dị elu, dị gịrịgịrị, ma dịtụ metallic, nke a na-ede dị ka tsiu, ssing ma ọ bụ tseeip.[3][10] O nwekwara obere chip na-adịghị ike nke ọ na-eji eme ihe iji soro di ya na-emekọrịta ihe.[8] Abụ ya bụ usoro mkpirikpi na chips, nke a kọwara dị ka "nke doro anya na nke na-atọ ụtọ" ma na-echetara abụ nke warbler na-acha odo odo, yana nke na-eji nwayọọ ma dị obere karịa nke red warbler.[10][8][3] Ọ bụ naanị ụmụ nwoke na-abụ abụ.[8] Ọ bụ ezie na a na-anụ oku ya n'afọ niile, warbler nwere isi na-acha pinki pinki na-abụkarị abụ n'etiti Febụwarị na Mee, ọ na-agbachi nkịtị n'oge ọnwa mmiri ozuzo nke June.[8]

Ebe a na-ekesa ya

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A na-ahụkarị warbler nwere isi na-acha pinki n'ugwu ndị dị n'etiti na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Chiapas na Mexico, na n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ Guatemala.[9] Ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị maka ndị bi na mmiri na ọkara mmiri pine-oak, osisi pine-evergreen na ọnụ ya, na ịdị elu sitere na 1,800-3,500 m (5,900-11,500 ) n'elu oke osimiri.[10] Ọ na-ahọrọ oké ọhịa nwere oke ala, nke a na-emetọghị, mana a na-ahụkwa ya n'oké ọhịa nwere nsogbu na ala mebiri emebi na Guatemala; a na-eche na nke a bụ ebe obibi na-adịghị mma.[3] Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ otu n'ime ụdị ndị a tụrụ anya na ọ ga-eme na El Salvador, a kọbeghị ya ebe ahụ.[13]

Omume

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Ewezuga mgbe ha na-enye ụmụ ọhụrụ nri, ọ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe ịchọta ihe karịrị abụọ nwere isi na-acha pinki pinki ọnụ. Di na nwunye na-anọkarị n'otu n'afọ niile.[8]

Nri na nri

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Dị ka ndị ọzọ New World warblers, warbler nwere isi na-acha pinki pinki bụ ihe na-eri ụmụ ahụhụ, na-achịkọta ụmụ ahụhụ na anụ ndị ọzọ na-enweghị azụ site na ahịhịa (karịsịa na ala dị omimi) ma na-eme sallies ikuku mgbe ọ na-efe efe.[3][14] Ọ na-eri nri n'etiti 2-5 (6.6-16.4 ft) site n'ala, ọ na-esikarị ike inweta nri n'elu 7 (23 ) - ma e wezụga n'oge ọmụmụ, mgbe nke oké nwere ike ịchụ nta n'akụkụ elu osisi ebe ọ na-abụ abụ, dị elu ruo 15 m (49 ) n'elu.[14] Ụdị ahụ na-esokarị ìgwè ndị na-agafe n'ókèala ya.[3] E nwere ihe akaebe ụfọdụ na mgbawa ugwu, nke nwere ike ikpuchi ahịhịa na ntụ dị arọ ma metụta ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ ahụhụ, na-akpata mbelata nke ọnụ ọgụgụ warbler nwere isi na-acha pinki pinki.[10][14]

Ịzụlite

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N'oge opupu ihe ubi, nke nwoke na-amalite ịbụ abụ n'ụbọchị ihu igwe dị mma na mbido Febụwarị ma gaa n'ihu maka ọnwa ole na ole sochirinụ, na abụ ugboro ugboro n'etiti Machị na Mee.[8] Nwanyị ahụ na-eme akwụ́ globular site na agịga pine, na-ewu ya n'ala n'ógbè nwere nnukwu agịga osisi pine dara, mgbe mgbe n'elu ụsọ mmiri dị elu. Ọ na-anakọta agịga osisi pine karịa 50 ft ( ) site na ebe akwụ́ ahụ dị, na-enyocha nke ọma maka ndị nwere ike igbu anụ tupu ọ laghachi n'ebe akwụ́ ya dị.[8] Ozugbo emechara mpụga ya, ọ na-ejupụta n'ala nke akwukwo ya na ihe ndị dị nro ma jiri moss mee ya.[8][3] Ọ na-eyi àkwá 2-4, nke na-acha ọcha na okpueze nke ntụpọ na-acha nchara nchara na nnukwu njedebe na ntụpọ na ntụpọ dị iche iche na-acha odo odo n'ebe ndị ọzọ.[10] Àkwá ndị ahụ dị n'etiti 17.1 13.3 mm (.67 in × 0.52 in) n'ogo.[8] Nanị nke nne na-ekpuchi ruo ụbọchị iri na isii, na-anọdụ ala n'ime akwukwo nwere okpokoro na ọdụ ya na-apụta n'oghere ma tụgharịa isi ya ka o wee nwee ike ịhụ.[15] Ọ naghị akwụsi ike mgbe ọ na-akpa nwa, na-agbanwe ọnọdụ ya mgbe niile.[8] N'ozuzu ya, ọ na-etinye ihe dị ka pasent 71 nke oge ya n'akwụ́ n'oge ọ na-ekpuchi, na nkeji 13-35 (nkezi nkeji 20.1) na ezumike nke nkeji 4-13 (nkezi minit 8.3).[16] N'adịghị ka ọtụtụ ụdị na-anọ n'ala, warbler nwere isi na-acha pinki pinki enweghị ngosipụta na-adọpụ uche.[8]

Nwa okorobịa na-acha pinki pinki nwere ọnụ na-acha ọbara ọbara, ihe ndị na-ahụ maka taxonomists na-arụ ọrụ iji wepụ usoro okirikiri.[17] Ụmụ ọhụrụ na-anọ ihe dị ka ụbọchị 10-12 n'akwụ́ tupu ha efere. Ha na-amalite ijikọ ọnụ site n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ mbụ ha.[8]

Nchekwa na ihe iyi egwu

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N'ofe ebe ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ warbler ndị nwere isi na-acha pinki pinki na-ebelata, karịsịa n'ihi na oké ọhịa igwe ojii nke ọ na-adabere na ya na-aghọwanye nkewa.[1] Otú ọ dị, a na-ahụta ụdị ahụ ugbu a dị ka nke na-adịchaghị echegbu onwe ya site na International Union for Conservation of Nature n'ihi nnukwu ebe dị na ọnụego dị nwayọ nke mbelata.[1] Gọọmentị Mexico depụtara ya dị ka ihe nọ n'ihe ize ndụ na mba ahụ.[18] N'afọ 1898, a kọwara ya dị ka "ihe a na-ahụkarị n'ugwu ndị dị n'etiti Chiapas".[19] Otú ọ dị, n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ọ ghọwo ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'ime ụdị warbler niile na-ebi n'oge oyi na ugwu ugwu nke Chiapas, dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ ebe ahụ.[20]

Ihe edeturu

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Ihe odide

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 BirdLife International (2020). "Ergaticus versicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "iucn" defined multiple times with different content
  2. ↑ Ridgway (1901). The birds of North and Middle America. Washington, D.C.: Government Publishing Office, 759–760. ISBN 978-1-112-57414-6. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Curson (1994). New World Warblers. London: Christopher Helm, 192–3. ISBN 978-0-7136-3932-2. Curson, John; Quinn, David; Beadle, David (1994).
  4. ↑ Lovette (2010). "A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny for the wood-warblers and a revised classification of the Parulidae (Aves )". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57 (2): 753–770. DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.07.018. PMID 20696258. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Gill:New World warblers, mitrospingid tanagers. World Bird List Version 8.1. International Ornithologists' Union (2018). Retrieved on 2 May 2018.Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2018).
  6. ↑ Jobling (2010). Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London, UK: Christopher Helm. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4. 
  7. ↑ Lewis (1915). An Elementary Latin Dictionary. New York: American Book Company. 
  8. ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 Skutch (1954). "Life Histories of Central American Birds" (PDF). Pacific Coast Avifauna 31: 339–345. Skutch, Alexander F. (1954).
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 (20 December 1957) "Distributional Check-List of the Birds of Mexico, part 2". Pacific Coast Avifauna 33. Miller, Alden H., ed. (20 December 1957).
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 Howell (1995). A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-854012-0. Howell, Steve N.G; Webb, Sophie (1995).
  11. ↑ Dearborn (1907). Catalogue of a Collection of Birds from Guatemala. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History. 
  12. ↑ Baepler (March 1962). "The Avifauna of the Soloma Region in Huehuetenango, Guatemala". The Condor 64 (2): 140–153. DOI:10.2307/1365483. 
  13. ↑ Komar (December 1998). "Avian Diversity in El Salvador". The Wilson Bulletin 110 (4): 511–533. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Wilson (1997). "The Current Status of the Pink-headed Warbler Ergaticus versicolor in Chiapas, Mexico". Cotinga 9. 
  15. ↑ Skutch (December 1945). "Studies of Central American Redstarts". The Wilson Bulletin 57 (4): 217–242. 
  16. ↑ Skutch (June 1962). "The Constancy of Incubation". The Wilson Bulletin 74 (2): 115–152. 
  17. ↑ Ficken (March 1965). "Mouth Color of Nestling Passerines and Its Use in Taxonomy". The Wilson Bulletin 77 (1): 71–75. 
  18. ↑ Wells (2007). Birder's Conservation Handbook: 100 North American Birds at Risk. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-12323-3. 
  19. ↑ Nelson (1898). "Notes on Certain Species of Mexican Birds". The Auk 15 (2): 155–161. DOI:10.2307/4068244. 
  20. ↑ Vidal (1994). "The Occurrence and Ecology of the Golden-cheeked Warbler in the Highlands of Northern Chiapas, Mexico". The Condor 96 (3): 684–691. DOI:10.2307/1369471. 

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

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Njikọ mpụga

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  • Foto warbler nwere isi pinki na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Academy of Natural Sciences 'Visual Resources for Ornithology
  • Vidio warbler nwere isi pinki na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Internet Bird Collection
  • Olu warbler nwere isi pinki na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Macauley Library (Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology)
  • Olu warbler nwere isi pinki na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ xeno-canto.org
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