Lee ebe Wiki si

{{Databox}}
Wikis nwere ike ịdị na-arụ otu ebumnuche, na n'ọnọdụ ndị dị otú ahụ, ndị ọrụ na-eji ikike nchịkọta akụkọ ha wepụ ihe ndị a na-ewere dị ka "enweghị isiokwu". Nke a bụ ihe gbasara akwụkwọ nkà ihe na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ Wikipedia.<ref name="Britannica"/> N'ụzọ dị iche, ebumnuche mepere emepe wiki na-anabata ọdịnaya na-enweghị iwu siri ike maka otu esi ahazi ọdịnaya.

[[Ward Cunningham]], onye mepụtara sọftụwia wiki nke mbụ, [[WikiWikiWeb]], kọwara ya na mbụ dị ka "data data ịntanetị kachasị mfe nke nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ."<ref>{{cite web|url=http:// www.wiki.org/wiki.cgi?WhatIsWiki|title=Gịnị bụ Wiki| nweta =2008-04-10|onye mbipụta =[[WikiWikiWeb]]|ọdee=[[Ward Cunningham|Cunningham, Ward]]|Ụbọchị= 2002-06-27}}</ref> "Wiki" ({{pron|ˈwiki}} ma ọ bụ {{IPA-all|ˈviki|}}) bụ okwu [[Hawaiian | Hawaii]] maka "ngwa ngwa". <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mauimapp.com/moolelo/hwnwdshw.htm|title= Okwu Hawaii; Hawaiian ka Bekee ">{{Cite web|url=http://www.economist.com/surveys/displaystory.cfm?story_id=6794228|title=Ụkpụrụ wiki|Economist.com| nweta=2008-08-11}}</ ref>

== Akụkọ ihe mere eme
{{Isi|Akụkọ nke wiki}}
[[Usòrò:HNL Wiki Wiki Bus.jpg|thumb|[[Wiki Wiki Shuttle]] na [[Ọdụ Ụgbọelu Mba Nile nke Honolulu]].]
[[WikiWikiWeb]] bụ wiki izizi.<ref name="ebersbach10">{{harv|Ebersbach|2008|p=10}}</ref> [[Ward Cunningham]] malitere imepe WikiWikiWeb na 1994, wee tinye ya. na [[Domain name|Internet domain]] [http://c2.com/ c2.com] na 25 Maach 1995. Ọ bụ Cunningham kpọrọ ya, bụ onye chetara [[Honolulu International Airport]] onye ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-agwa ya ka ọ gaa. Were ụgbọ ala ụgbọ ala "[[Wiki Wiki Shuttle|Wiki Wiki]]" nke na-aga n'etiti ọdụ ụgbọ elu. Dị ka Cunningham si kwuo, "Ahọọrọ m wiki-wiki ka ọ bụrụ ihe ngbanwe maka 'ngwa ngwa' wee si otú ahụ zere ịkpọ aha ihe a ngwa-web."<ref name="cunningham">{{cite web | ode akwụkwọ = [[Ward Cunningham|Cunningham, Ward]]|url=http://c2.com/doc/etymology.html |title=Nkwekọrịta na Etymology nke Wiki|ụbọchị= 2003-11-01|onye mbipụta =[[ WikiWikiWeb]] |accessdate=2007-03-09 }}</ref><ref name="history">{{cite web|author=[[Ward Cunningham|Cunningham, Ward]] |url=http://c2 .com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory |title=Akụkọ Wiki|onye mbipụta =[[WikiWikiWeb]]|ụbọchị=2008-02-25| nweta = 2007-03-09}}</ref>

Cunningham bụ akụkụ nke Apple [[HyperCard] sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ. Apple emebela sistemu na-enye ndị ọrụ ohere ịmepụta “kaadị stacks” na-akwado njikọ n'etiti kaadị dị iche iche. Cunningham mepụtara echiche [[Vannevar Bush|Vannevar Bush]] site n'ikwe ka ndị ọrụ "na-ekwu okwu ma gbanwee ederede ibe ha"<ref name="Britannica"/><ref name="hypercard">{{cite web| odee= [[Ward Cunningham|Cunningham, Ward]] | url=http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiWikiHyperCard |title=Wiki Wiki Hyper Card|onye nkwusa=[[WikiWikiWeb]]|Ụbọchị=2007-07-26 | ohere = 2007-03-09}}</ref>


Cunningham bụ akụkụ nke Apple [[HyperCard] sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ. Apple emebela sistemu na-enye ndị ọrụ ohere ịmepụta “kaadị stacks” na-akwado njikọ n'etiti kaadị dị iche iche. Cunningham mepụtara echiche [[Vannevar Bush|Vannevar Bush]] site n'ikwe ka ndị ọrụ "na-ekwu okwu ma gbanwee ederede ibe ha"<ref name="Britannica"/><ref name="hypercard">{{cite web| odee= [[Ward Cunningham|Cunningham, Ward]] | url=http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiWikiHyperCard |title=Wiki Wiki Hyper Card|onye nkwusa=[[WikiWikiWeb]]|Ụbọchị=2007-07-26 | ohere = 2007-03-09}}</ref>

N'agbanyeghị ojiji Cunningham ji okwu ahụ, mmalite nke aha wiki na azụmaahịa nwere ike ị nweta na US mbụ.
Akara ahia na aha "wiki", nke etinyere otu afọ tupu Ward Cunningham amalite imepe WikiWikiWeb na 1994 site n'aka otu ụlọ ọrụ a na-akpọ WikiDigs na Van Nuys, [[California]] na 12 Julaị 1993.<ref>http://www.trademarkia .com/company-wiki-digs-inc-1343866-page-1-2</ref> Akara ụghalaahịa izizi maka "wiki" ka ejiri kọwaa ụdị mkpuchi na-abụghị igwe eji achịkọta na ịzụ ahịa.<ref name= "trademarkia.com">http://www.trademarkia.com/wiki-74413416.html</ref> Otú ọ dị, December 1994 gbahapụrụ akara ahụ n'ihi enweghị ike iji akara ahụ na azụmahịa, na-emeghe ụzọ maka mgbasawanye. nnabata nke okwu na ụlọ ọrụ kọmputa.<ref name="trademarkia.com"/>

Na mbido 2000s, wiki na-abawanye na ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ngwanrọ na-emekọ ihe ọnụ. Ojiji ndị a na-ejikarị gụnyere nzikọrịta ozi oru ngo, intranets, na akwụkwọ, na mbụ maka ndị ọrụ nka. Taa ụfọdụ [[corporate wiki|ụlọ ọrụ na-eji wiki]] dị ka sọftụwia ha na-emekọrịta ihe yana dị ka nnọchi static [[intranet]], ụfọdụ ụlọ akwụkwọ na mahadum na-eji wiki kwalite [[mmụta otu]]. Enwere ike inwe nnukwu ojiji wiki n'azụ [firewall]] karịa na ịntanetị ọha.

Na 15 Maachị 2007, ''wiki'' banyere na ịntanetị ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]''.<ref name="OED1">{{cite web| url=http://dictionary.oed.com/| title=Ma ọchịchị 2007 okwu ọhụrụ, OED| onye nkwusa=[[Oxford University Press]]| ụbọchị=2007-03-01| ode akwụkwọ=Diamond, Graeme| nweta=2007-03-16| accessdate=2022-03-06| archivedate=2006-06-25| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060625103623/http://dictionary.oed.com/}}</ref>

==Ụdị njirimara
{{Refimprovesect|date=Disemba 2009}}
Ward Cunningham, na onye na-ede akwụkwọ [[Bo Leuf]], n'akwụkwọ ha ''[[The Wiki Way|The Wiki Way: Quick Collaboration on the Web]]'' kọwara isi okwu nke echiche Wiki dị ka ndị a:
* Wiki na-akpọ ndị ọrụ niile ka ha dezie ibe ọ bụla ma ọ bụ mepụta ibe ọhụrụ n'ime webụsaịtị wiki, na-eji naanị [[vanilla software|plain-vanilla]] ihe nchọgharị webụ na-enweghị mgbakwunye ọ bụla [[browser extension | add-ons]].
* Wiki na-akwalite mkpakọrịta isiokwu bara uru n'etiti ibe dị iche iche site n'ime ka imepụta njikọ ibe ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ dị mfe ma gosi ma ibe ebumnuche ezubere dị ma ọ bụ na ọ nweghị.
* Wiki abụghị saịtị ejiri nlezianya hazie maka ndị ọbịa nkịtị. Kama, ọ na-achọ itinye onye ọbịa ahụ n'usoro ihe okike na imekọ ihe ọnụ na-aga n'ihu nke na-agbanwe ọdịdị ebe nrụọrụ weebụ mgbe niile.

Wiki na-enyere aka ijikọ aka dee akwụkwọ, na s[[asusu akara]] site na iji [[ihe nchọgharị weebụ]]. A na-akpọ otu ibe dị na webụsaịtị wiki dị ka “ibe wiki”, ebe mkpokọta ibe niile nke [[hyperlink]] na-ejikọ nke ọma bụ “wiki”. Wiki bụ n'ezie nchekwa data 

.<ref name="ebersbach10"/>|}}

===Security===
The open philosophy of most wikis, allowing anyone to edit content, does not ensure that every editor is well-meaning. Vandalism can be a major problem. In larger wiki sites, such as those run by the [[Wikimedia Foundation]], [[vandalism]] can go unnoticed for a period of time. Wikis by their very nature are susceptible to intentional disruption, known as "[[troll (Internet)|trolling]]".
Wikis tend to take a ''[[soft security]]''<ref name="soft sỌnụ ego mmebi nke wiki na-enweta dabere n'otú e si emeghe wiki. 
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụfọdụ wiki na-ekwe ka ndị ọrụ na-edebanyeghị aha, nke [[IP address]] na-akọwa, ka ha dezie ọdịnaya, ebe ndị ọzọ na-ejedebe naanị ndị ọrụ debanyere aha. Ọtụtụ wiki na-enye ohere edezi aha na-enweghị akaụntụ,<ref>{{harv|Ebersbach|2008|p=108}}</ref> mana na-enye ndị ọrụ edebanyere aha ọrụ ndezi ọzọ; n'ọtụtụ wiki, ịghọ onye ọrụ edebanyere aha bụ usoro dị mkpụmkpụ ma dị mfe. Ụfọdụ wiki chọrọ oge echere agbakwunyere tupu ịnweta ụfọdụ ngwaọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na [[Wikipedia Bekee]], ndị ọrụ debanyere aha nwere ike ịnyegharị ibe ha aha ma ọ bụrụ na akaụntụ ha dị opekata mpe ụbọchị anọ. Wiki ndị ọzọ dị ka [[Portuguese Wikipedia]] na-eji ihe ndezi chọrọ karịa oge achọrọ, na-enye mgbakwunye ngwaọrụ mgbe onye ọrụ mezichara ọnụọgụ ndezi iji gosipụta ntụkwasị obi na uru ha dị ka onye ndezi. N'ụzọ bụ isi, wiki "mechiri emechi" na-adịkwa nchebe ma bụrụ ndị a pụrụ ịdabere na ya mana ha na-eto nwayọọ nwayọọ, ebe ọtụtụ wikis na-emeghe na-eto n'ike n'ike mana na-ebute ịbụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ dị mfe maka imebi ihe. Ihe atụ doro anya nke a ga-abụ nke Wikipedia na [[Citizendium]]. Nke mbụ mepere emepe nke ukwuu, na-enye onye ọ bụla nwere kọmputa na ịntanetị ohere dezie ya, na-eme ka ọ na-eto ngwa ngwa, ebe nke ikpeazụ chọrọ ezigbo aha ndị ọrụ na [[biography] nke onwe ha, na-emetụta uto nke wiki mana imepụta ya. ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ "ihe mebiri emebi" ambiance.




Otu ụzọ e si achọta wiki na otu isiokwu bụ ịgbaso netwọk wiki-node site na wiki gaa na wiki; nke ọzọ bụ ịga Wiki "njegharị ụgbọ ala", dịka ọmụmaatụ: {{srlink|Wikipedia:TourBusStop|Stop bọs nlegharị anya Wikipedia}}. [[Ngalaba aha|Aha ngalaba]] nwere "wiki" na-eto eto na ewu ewu iji kwado niche ndị akọwapụtara.

==Obodo==
==Ogbe ndị ọrụ ===
Ọtụtụ wiki [[obodo]] bụ nke nzuzo, ọkachasị n'ime [[Company|ụlọ ọrụ]]. A na-ejikarị ha dị ka [[internal documentation]] maka sistemu na ngwa n'ime ụlọ.

Enwekwara WikiNodes nke bụ ibe na wiki na-akọwa wiki nwere njikọ. A na-ahazikarị ha dị ka ndị agbata obi na ndị nnọchiteanya. Wiki ''onye agbata obi'' bụ naanị wiki nwere ike kparịta ọdịnaya yiri ya ma ọ bụ nwee mmasị ọzọ. Wiki ''onye nnọchiteanya'' bụ wiki nke kwetara ka enyefe ụfọdụ ọdịnaya na wiki ahụ.

Maka ndị nwere mmasị ịmepụta wiki nke ha, enwere "[[wiki farm]]s" dị n'ihu ọha, ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwekwara ike ime wiki nke nzuzo, nke echekwara paswọọdụ.
[[PBwiki]], [[Socialtext]], [[Wetpaint]], na [[Wikia]] bụ ihe atụ ama ama nke ọrụ dị otú ahụ. Maka ozi ndị ọzọ, lee [[ndepụta nke ugbo wiki]]. Rịba ama na ugbo wiki efu na-enwekarị mgbasa ozi na ibe ọ bụla.

===Ogbe nyocha ===
Wiki bụ isiokwu na-arụsi ọrụ ike nke nyocha. Nzukọ wiki abụọ ama ama bụ
* [[WikiSym|Mgbakọ Mgbakọ Mba Nile na Wikis (WikiSym)]], [[ọgbakọ agụmakwụkwọ|ọgbakọ]] nke raara nye wiki [[nyocha]] na ime n'ozuzu ya.
* [[Wikimania]], ọgbakọ raara nye nyocha na omume [[Wikimedia Foundation]] dị ka Wikipedia.


N'ime edemede nke 2009 maka akwụkwọ akụkọ agụmakwụkwọ London Times Higher, onye ọkà ihe ọmụma Martin Cohen buru amụma na ihe nlereanya 'n'okpuru' a ga-emesịa karịa "ọbá akwụkwọ nke Ọmụma Niile" dị ka Wikipedia na Citizendium.<ref name="timeshighereducation" .co.uk"/>

==Leekwa==
* [[ntụnyere wiki software]]
* [[Sistemụ njikwa ọdịnaya]]
* [[Wikipedia#Learning resources|Ndepụta akụrụngwa mmụta]] - nkuzi, vidiyo nkuzi, ihe nkiri slide, akwụkwọ ederede, ajụjụ ajụjụ, wdg, metụtara Wikipedia na Wiki ndị ọzọ.
* [[ndepụta nke wiki]]
* [[mmekọrịta na-ekesa nke ukwuu]]
* [[bọtịnụ ndezi zuru ụwa ọnụ]]

==Akwụkwọ ntụaka==
{{reflist|2}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{Citation|title=Wiki: Web Collaboration|last=Ebersbach|first= Anja|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]|year=2008|isbn=3540351507}}
{{refend}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite book|title=Wikipatterns|author=Mader, Stewart|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|date=2007-12-10|isbn=0470223626}}
* {{Cite book|title=Wikinomics: How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything|author=Tapscott, Don|publisher=Portfolio Hardcover|date=2008-04-17|isbn=1591841933}}
* {{Cite book|title=The Wiki Way: Quick Collaboration on the Web|author=Leuf, Bo|publisher=[[Addison-Wesley]]|date=2001-04-13|isbn=020171499X}}

==External links==
{{Commons|wiki}}
{{Spoken Wikipedia|En-Wiki2.ogg|2007-03-14}}
* [http://computer.howstuffworks.com/wiki.htm Wikis] at [[HowStuffWorks]].
* [http://www.artima.com/intv/wiki.html Exploring with Wiki] An interview with [[Ward Cunningham]], by Bill Verners.
* [http://www.wikimatrix.org/ WikiMatrix] website for comparing wikis.

{{Wiki topics}}
{{Computer-mediated communication}}

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[[Òtù:Self-organization]]
[[Òtù:Social information processing]]
[[Òtù:Hypertext]]
[[Òtù:Human-computer interaction]]
[[Òtù:Wikipedia]]
[[Òtù:Intanet]]