Òtù Enyemaka nke Belfast
Belfast Charitable Society, hiwere na 1752, bụ ọrụ ebere Belfast kacha ochie. Ọ na-aga n'ihu na ọrụ ya site na Clifton House nke ọha mmadụ mepere, na mbụ dị ka ụlọ ogbenye obodo na ụlọ ọgwụ, na 1774.
[1] N'afọ 1752, otu ndị isi ahaha Belfast [1] na "ihe dara ogbenye na ụlọ ọgwụ na-achọsi ike na Belfast maka nkwado nke ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ezigbo ihe nhọrọ na parish a, maka ọrụ nke ndị mmadụ na- Aka uru na-agbakọta na ya. site n'ụdị nile nke North, na maka ndị ogbenye na ndị ọrịa na-arịa ọrịa". [2] [2] [4] Mmụba nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri obodo na ụlọ akwa na-nị ndị ogbenye, ndị na-enwekarị ụkọ, ndị ọrụ na kpà ha, sitere na mpaghara gbara ya gburugburu. Burges nke obodo ahụ, ndị achịra ndị Earls (mgbe e ịhụ Marquesses), nke Donegall, eme obere ihe ma ọ bụ onyinye iji biri ha na-enwekarị.
Ndị otu ahụ welitere ego site na ndụ lọtrị na ndenye aha na, na-esochi nke iwu sitere n'aka ndị omeiwu, [1] meghere ọnụ ụzọ Clifton House na 1774. Ewubere n'ala nke Arthur Chichester nyere, Marquess mbụ nke Donegall nke dị na nstụtụ ugwu nke obodo ahụ, ọ na ụlọ ụlọ ogbenye mmadụ 36 na ụlọ ọgwụ akwa 24.
[2]Ọ bụ ebe na ọ bụghị okwu maka ọha mmadụ, 1786 ndị otu kewara site na mbụ nke abụọ n'ime "ndị nna ntọala" nke ebere ọrụ, Waddell Cunningham na Thomas Greg, [1] iji see n'otu ụlọ na -azụ ohu Belfast. [2] Ndị mmekọ ahụ nwere ala shuga n'agwaetiti Dominica, dị ka dibịa bekee na Poor House, Dr William Haliday mere. [3] Nleta nke ohu na odee gbapụrụ agbapụ, Olaudah Equiano na 1791 mere ka oganiihu nke mmegide mkpochapụ n'obodo ahụ, nke onye isi ndị debanyere aha Society, Thomas McCabe, duziri.
[3]N'otu afɔ ahụ, ya na ndị debanyere aha na ndị na-ekpochapụ, Dr William Drennan, John Campbell White, William Tennant, Robert Simms na Samuel Neilson, McCabe Harris Society of United Irishmen . N'ịkpọsa njikọ nke Protestant, Catholic na Dissenter ọ ọkụtu Ireland's Anglican Ascendancy (nke ndị ikike nke Lord Donegall nọchitere anya ya na Belfast) na nguzobe na Dublin nke ụdị ihete anya. Ozi na sitere na Charitable Society na "mweghachi azụ" Ụdị Ụdị, mere ka nwee obi ike ike Clifden House n'oge nnupụisi 1798 dị ka akwụkwọ ndị agha. Society eweghachiteghị iji ụlọ ahụ ruo 1800.
[4]Dị ka mark na-eleta ụlọ dara ogbenye, na 1782 Drennan nwala ụdị kitịkpa dị iche iche, omume nke ịgbanye akpụkpọ ndị ahụ dị mma na kịtịkpa iji ọrịa ahụ ka njọ. [1] Mgbe na 1800, Ndị ji Ogbenye ahụ me ngwa ngwa ndị ọzọ n'ikike zuru oke, Society nyere Haliday ịgba ịgba ọgwụ kịtịkpa (nke Edward Jenner nke na-adịghị ize ndụ nke iji cowpx ) na ikike Ndị Ogbenye, ma ọ nna na enwetara nke ndị nne na nna.
[5]Na 1827, na-esote na Belfast site n'aka onye na-eme mgbanwe ọha na eze Elizabeth Fry, Mary Ann McCracken (nwanne onye ndu nnupụisi ahụ e gburugburu, Henry Joy McCracken ) Kọmitii Ladies nke Belfast Charitable Society. N'ihi mbọ kọmitii ahụ gbara, yana n'ihi na nke ọtụtụ ndị debanyere aha na ọha na eze, e hibere ụlọ akwụkwọ na ebe a na-elekọta umu maka ndị dara ogbenye. McCracken siri ọnwụ na ndị nkuzi nwere oke mma na ikike iche yana oge egwuregwu nke egwu ga-eji oge ha eme ihe n'efu. Ya na kọmitii ahụ guzobekwara usoro maka ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.
Mmụba dị ukwuu na Victorian Belfast dugara na ntọala nke otu ndị ọrụ enyemaka ndị ọzọ chọkwara ileba anya nhụsianya na site na 1882 nwa ikpeazụ hapụrụ Ụlọ Ogbenye. Site na narị afọ nke 20 Clifton House bụ ebe obibi na ebe a na-elekọta ndị agadi. Mgbe Belfast Charitable Society mere mmemme ncheta afọ 250 ya na 2002, ha kpebiri iwu ụlọ ebe a na-elekọta ndị agadi na Carlisle Circus dị nso. Nke a nyere ohere maka mmụgharị nke Clifton House. Ụlọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na-agụnye ugbu a ebe obibi na ụlọ ebe obibi (nke Radius Housing na-arụ ọrụ) na ebe ihe nketa na ogbako nke Society na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ụlọ ọrụ na-elekọta mmadụ. [6]
Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Iwu ndị ogbenye Irish
Ihe ndetu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ Our Founding Fathers – Belfast Charitable Society (en-GB). Retrieved on 2021-07-06.
- ↑ O'Regan (2010). Hidden Belfast. Dublin: Mercier, 139–142. ISBN 9781856356831.
- ↑ House. On This Day 1799: The Poor House is returned after the 1798 Rebellion (en-US). Clifton House. Retrieved on 2021-07-06.
- ↑ Clifton House, Belfast. workhouses.org.uk. Retrieved on 26 June 2013.
- ↑ McNeill (1960). The Life and Times of Mary Ann McCracken, 1770–1866. Dublin: Allen Figgis & Co, 257–260, 271–274.
- ↑ About Clifton House – Belfast Charitable Society (en-GB). Retrieved on 2021-07-06.
Isi mmalite[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- McCabe (2019). Begging, Charity and Religion in Pre-famine Ireland. Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-1-78694-157-2. OCLC 1101270031.
- Owen (1921). History of Belfast (in en). Belfast: W. & G. Baird. OCLC 1046055401.
- Strain (May 1953). "The History and Associations of the Belfast Charitable Society". The Ulster Medical Journal 22 (1): 31–60. ISSN 0041-6193. PMID 13078026.