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Ịda ogbenye n'Indonesia

Shí Wikipedia, njikotá édémédé nke onyobulạ
Oke nke ndị bi na oke ịda ogbenye
Ịda ogbenye n'Indonesia
aspect in a geographic region
ihu nkeịda ogbenye Dezie
mba/obodoIndonesia Dezie

Ịda ogbenye na Indonesia bụ okwu juru ebe niile n'agbanyeghị na n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya ọnụ ọgụgụ gọọmentị na-egosi na ọ na-agbada. N'ihi oke ime obodo nke akụkụ Java, Bali, Lombok na akụkụ Sumatra, enwere ike ịkewa ịda ogbenye n'ime obodo na ịda ogbenye obodo. Ogbenye obodo juru ebe niile na ọ bụghị naanị na Jabodetabek kamakwa na Medan na Surabaya .

Dị ka agwaetiti na-agbasawanye, àgwà ịda ogbenye na ihe ọ pụtara dịgasị iche iche site n'àgwàetiti gaa n'àgwàetiti na omenala gaa na omenala. Akụkụ Indonesian nke New Guinea (nke gụnyere ógbè Papua na West Papua ) nwere nsogbu ịda ogbenye siri ike nke onwe ya n'ihi ọnọdụ akụ na ụba, omenala, asụsụ na anụ ahụ nke mere ka ọ dị iche na Indonesia.

Ọnụọgụ

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Na February 1999, ihe ruru nde mmadụ 47.97 bụ ndị ogbenye, na-anọchite anya ihe dịka 23% nke ndị bi na mba ahụ. [1] Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ a ga-eburu n'uche na slide nke rupiah na nsogbu ego Asia . Ka ọ na-erule Julaị 2005, ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ ebelatala ruo nde 35.10, na-anọchite anya 41.97% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na ya. [1] Ọnụ ọgụgụ sitere na March 2007 gosiri na nde mmadụ 37.17 nọ n'okpuru ịda ogbenye, na-anọchite anya 20.58% nke ndị mmadụ dum. [1]

Dabere na akụkọ sitere na Asia Development Bank, ndị bi na Indonesia na 2015 nọ na 255.46 nde, 47.2% nke bi n'okpuru ịda ogbenye mba. [2] Ahịrị ịda ogbenye mba Indonesia setịpụrụ oriri nke Rp302,735 ($25) kwa ọnwa kwa onye - ihe dị ka cents 82 kwa ụbọchị. [3] Enwekwara ọdịiche dị na mbido 2014, ebe 23.8% nke ndị bi n'ime ime obodo bụ ndị ogbenye ebe ndị obodo mepere emepe nwere 16.2%. Nke a sitere na ọrụ adịghị arụpụta ihe dị na mba ahụ na ngalaba ọrụ ugbo na obere ọrụ.

Na Septemba 2017, ọnụ ọgụgụ ịda ogbenye Indonesia guzoro na 10.12%, yana ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 26.58 bi n'okpuru ahịrị ịda ogbenye. Dị ka nke Septemba 2018, ọnụ ọgụgụ ịda ogbenye guzoro na 9.66% (ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 25), nke kacha nta edekọ. [4] Site na oria ojoo COVID-19 kpatara ndakpọ akụ na ụba, Statistics Indonesia kọrọ nde Indonesian 1.63 dara ịda ogbenye na Machị 2020, na-ebuli ọnụ ọgụgụ ịda ogbenye na nde mmadụ 26.42. Gọọmentị tụrụ anya na ọnụego ịda ogbenye ga-eru 10.60% (nde 28) na njedebe nke afọ ka ọrịa na-efe efe na-aga n'ihu na-ebute ndị ogbenye n'ofe Indonesia. [5]

Ịda ogbenye na okpukperechi

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Indonesia nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Alakụba kasị ukwuu n'ụwa, nke dị ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 227, karịa Pakistan na India, na nde mmadụ 204 na nde 189, n'otu n'otu. [6] Gọọmenti Indonesia malitere ikwu okwu banyere ịda ogbenye n'afọ 1994 n'ihi ịkwaga ndị bi n'ime obodo n'ime obodo na-atụ anya ohere ka mma na 1970s na 1980s. [7] Ahaghị nhata n'etiti ọha na eze dị adị wee mee ka ndị ọka mmụta akụ na ụba Alakụba chepụta ụzọ ọgbara ọhụrụ nke ịnakọta onyinye nke ndị otu nzuzo na-agba dịka ụkpụrụ Islam siri dị. [7] Na Islam, zakat bụ ụdị inye ihe ebe onye Alakụba ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ azụmahịa na-enye ndị kwesịrị ekwesị ọla edo, ọlaọcha, ihe onwunwe na ihe ndị ọzọ, dịka Iwu Alakụba siri dị. [8] Zakat bụ otu n'ime ọrụ ndị Alakụba nwere ike ime ya ma nwee ike ibelata ịda ogbenye na enweghị ahaghị nhata nke ọha . [9] Ndị ọzọ na-abụghị ntọala onwe ndị na-anakọta ma na-ekesa zakat, Indonesia ewepụtala National Amil Zakat Agency [ id ] (BAZNAS) dị ka otu nzukọ na-anakọta ma na-ekesa zakat na mba na nzaghachi maka nnukwu ikike zakat nke obodo a nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Alakụba kacha ukwuu n'ụwa. [9] Ka o sina dị, ọmụmụ nke Khasandy na Badrudin mere na 2019 rụrụ ụka na BAZNAS nwere ike ijikwa 1% nke zakat a tụrụ anya nke bụ Rp217 trillion. [9] N'afọ 1999, gọọmentị Indonesia nyere iwu gbasara njikwa zakat, nke kwuru na zakat dị ka ebe nwere ike isi nweta ego iji kwado ọdịmma ọha na eze mkpa ka ndị obodo (ntọala nzuzo) na gọọmenti jikwaa ya n'ụzọ ọkachamara na nke ọma. [10] Ya mere, gọọmenti nwere ọrụ inye nchebe, nduzi na ọrụ nye ndị na-enye zakat na ndị nnata na ndị njikwa zakat. [10] Ruo ugbu a, a na-emejuputa mmemme dị iche iche iji belata ịda ogbenye gọọmentị, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, Nchekwa ọdịmma ezinụlọ (Takesra) na Ebe E Si Nweta Azụmaahịa ọdịmma ezinụlọ (Kukesra) na oge Suharto (1970-1998), Mmemme kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na BJ Habibie oge (1998). -1999), Ọrụ ahụike na agụmakwụkwọ maka ndị ogbenye na oge Abdurrahman Wahid (1999-2001), Eletriki dị ọnụ ala maka ezinụlọ dara ogbenye na oge Megawati Sukarnoputri (2001-2014), Mmemme Nnyefe Ego (BLT) na oge Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (2004-2014) na Enyemaka Nri Na-abụghị Ego (BPNT) na oge Joko Widodo (2014-2019). [11]

Òtù ndị dabeere n'okwukwe (FBO), dị ka BAZNAS, nwere ike ịbụ ụzọ nwere ike isi belata ịda ogbenye na Indonesia. Ịdị adị nke FBOs na-ekere òkè dị mkpa n'inye ọrụ ọdịmma, ma ọ bụghị mgbe niile na-enwe mmetụta dị mma na ụfọdụ obodo. [12] A na-eme mmemme ọrụ ọdịmma dị ka agụmakwụkwọ na ahụike site n'aka Ndị Kraịst na ndị Katọlik bụ obere okpukperechi na Indonesia. [7] Otú ọ dị, a naghị emekarị ihe omume ndị a n'ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ buru ibu n'ihi enweghị mmasị ka a kọwahie ya dị ka mgbalị iji tọghata ndị na-abụghị Ndị Kraịst gaa n'Iso Ụzọ Kraịst. [7] Enweghị nkwado dị n'etiti gọọmentị na FBO bụkwa otu n'ime ihe na-eme mmemme n'etiti FBO na gọọmentị. [7] Na mgbakwunye, ịdị adị nke esemokwu na-emegide Ndị Kraịst na Indonesia na-emekwa ka ọ na-esiwanye ike ịmalite imekọ ihe ọnụ n'etiti FBOs okpukperechi na ibelata ịda ogbenye. [7]

Hụkwa

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  • Ndepụta ógbè Indonesian site na ọnụego ịda ogbenye

Edensibia

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 BPS:Miskin. Archived from the original on 2013-01-17. Retrieved on 2024-04-01.
  2. ↑ Asian Development Bank. (n.d.). Poverty in Indonesia. Retrieved 21 November 2016 from https://www.adb.org/countries/indonesia/poverty
  3. ↑ Asian Development Bank. (2015, October). Summary of Indonesia's Poverty Analysis. Retrieved 21, November 2016, from https://www.adb.org/publications/summary-indonesias-poverty-analysis
  4. ↑ 'It's okay to be poor': Why fighting poverty remains challenging in Indonesia.
  5. ↑ Poverty rate rises in March as pandemic hits vulnerable communities (en). The Jakarta Post. Retrieved on 2020-10-12.
  6. ↑ Nag (8 March 2019). Muslim Population By Country. World Atlas. Retrieved on 18 October 2021.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Thornton (2012-08-01). "Givers and governance: the potential of faith-based development in the Asia Pacific". Development in Practice 22 (5–6): 779–791. DOI:10.1080/09614524.2012.685864. ISSN 0961-4524. 
  8. ↑ UU No. 23 Tahun 2011 tentang Pengelolaan Zakat [JDIH BPK RI]. peraturan.bpk.go.id. Retrieved on 2021-10-19.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Khasandy (2019-01-05). "The Influence of Zakat on Economic Growth and Welfare Society in Indonesia" (in en). Integrated Journal of Business and Economics 3 (1): 65–79. DOI:10.33019/ijbe.v3i1.89. ISSN 2549-3280. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 UU No. 38 Tahun 1999 tentang Pengelolaan Zakat [JDIH BPK RI]. peraturan.bpk.go.id. Retrieved on 2021-12-06.
  11. ↑ Mengintip program pengentasan kemiskinan sejak era Presiden Soeharto hingga Jokowi (en). merdeka.com (2018-10-25). Retrieved on 2021-12-06.
  12. ↑ Schweiger (2019-06-11). "Religion and poverty" (in en). Palgrave Communications 5 (1): 1–3. DOI:10.1057/s41599-019-0272-3. ISSN 2055-1045. 

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