Ịda ogbenye na Turkey

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Ịda ogbenye na Turkey
aspect in a geographic region
ihu nkeịda ogbenye Dezie
mba/obodoTurkéy Dezie

Turkey nwere ọganihu na-aga n'ihu n'ibelata ịda ogbenye site na mmalite 2000s ruo etiti 2010s. [1] [2]

Nkọwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

The Turkish Statistical Institute na-ebipụta ọnụego nke ịda ogbenye na 40%, 50%, 60% na 70% nke etiti nhata ego ego n'ụlọ. [3] UNICEF jiri ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'elu 60% mee atụmatụ na ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ụmụaka dara ogbenye na nkezi 2019 ruo 2021. [4] Ụda ịda ogbenye nke World Bank maka mba ndị na-emepe emepe bụ $5.50 kwa ụbọchị (na dollar 2011). [5]

Ọnụego ịda ogbenye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Akwụkwọ akụkọ 2023 EU na mba ahụ kwuru na "Türkiye ka enweghị atụmatụ mbelata ịda ogbenye raara onwe ya nye. Ọnụ ahịa na-adịgide adịgide na-ebute ihe ize ndụ nke ịda ogbenye maka ndị na-enweghị ọrụ na ndị ọrụ na-akwụ ụgwọ na ọrụ dị egwu. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ịda ogbenye ruru 14.4%, site na 13.8% na 2021 Ọnụ ọgụgụ ụkọ ihe onwunwe siri ike ruru 28.4% na 2022 (2021: 27.2%) Ọnụego ịda ogbenye ụmụaka maka 2022 dị elu karịsịa na 41.6% N'afọ 2022, ịkwụ ụgwọ enyemaka mmadụ ruru ijeri 151.9, ma ọ bụ 1.01% nke GDP. Türkiye nwere ekewapụrụ uru na mpaghara na nke mba, ma ọ ka na-enweghị atụmatụ ego kacha nta n'ozuzu ya." [6]

Ihe na-akpata ịda ogbenye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Turkstat mere atụmatụ itinye aka na ndị ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị dịka 30.4% na 2022, ihe na-erughị ọkara nke ụmụ nwoke. [7] Ịha nhatanha nwoke na nwanyị na-aga n'ihu n'inweta ohere akụ na ụba yana nsonye ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị ka dị obere. [8] Turkey họọrọ mba 130 n'ime mba 145 n'ọkwa mba ụwa zuru oke. [8] Ụmụ nwanyị na-ekere òkè n'ebe ọrụ na-amụba dị ka pasent ma buru amụma na ọ ga-abawanye n'ụzọ na-adịgide adịgide ka Turkey na-atụgharị gaa na akụ na ụba dị elu. [8]
  • Nrụpụta dị ala na ngalaba ọrụ ugbo. Agriculture na Turkey na-eji ihe dị ka 20% nke ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụpụta obere ọrụ [9], nke na-atụgharị gaa n'inweta obere ego [10] . [11] Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ ugbo Turkey ka bụ onye na-emepụta hazelnut, cherry na apricot n'ụwa, nkezi nha nke ugbo na 2 ha dị ala ma na-akụda ohere itinye ego. [11]
  • Ọnụego nchekwa obodo dị ala yana FDI dị ala. N'inwe oke ego nchekwa ụlọ dị ala, Turkey na-adabere na ntinye ego iji kwado ụkọ akaụntụ ugbu a. [12] N'agbanyeghị ịdabere na ego n'èzí, Turkey na-adọta ntakịrị FDI-na nkezi US $ 12.75 ijeri kwa afọ n'oge 2003-2015. [12]
  • Ikpughe na ọdachi ndị na-emere onwe ha. Ihe karịrị nde ndị Turks 2 na ihe karịrị 6% nke Turkey GDP na-ekpughere ọdachi n'afọ ọ bụla - ọkwa nke 9 n'ụwa nile [13] n'ihe gbasara GDP maka ala ọma jijiji - n'ihi nnukwu ihe ize ndụ Turkey nke ala ọma jijiji, idei mmiri na ọkụ ọhịa. [14]
  • Amụma ego . Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara akụ na ụba na-ekwu na ọnụma ọmụrụ nwa dị ala na mbido 2020 welitere onu oriri . [5] Ndị ogbenye enwetela ọnụ ahịa ọnụ ahịa karịa. [15]


Usoro ibelata ịda ogbenye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Nwube mkpuchi ahụike zuru ụwa ọnụ na 2003.
  • Mmemme mbelata ihe egwu seismic. Turkey sụrụ ụzọ n'ọrụ mbelata seismic na nkwado ihe mberede bụụrụ ihe nlereanya n'ụwa niile. Ihe omume a-nke malitere na 2006-na-ekwu maka adịghị ike nke ụlọ ọha na eze site na ịmepụta ụkpụrụ mmepe na nyocha nke ndị ọzọ. [13]
  • Atụmatụ mkpuchi ihe ize ndụ nke Turkey maka ihe onwunwe nkeonwe-nke hiwere na 1999- ka a na-ewere dị ka ihe atụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na nke ụwa nke mba ndị ọzọ na-eṅomi. [16] Agbanyeghị, mmemme inshọransị ahụ enweghị tarifu dị iche iche nke nwere ike inye ihe mkpali maka owuwu na-eguzogide ọdachi. [16]
  • Islamic ọrụ ebere . [17]
Gecekondu na obodo Samsun : ndị ogbenye nwere ike ikpughekwu mmetọ ikuku na Turkey [18] [19]

Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ nke agha obodo Syria na Turkey

Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ Poverty & Equity Brief.
  2. ↑ Turkey TR: Poverty Headcount Ratio at National Poverty Lines: % of Population | Economic Indicators | CEIC. www.ceicdata.com. Retrieved on 2023-12-26.
  3. ↑ Poverty and Living Conditions Statistics, 2022. Turkstat. Retrieved on 2023-12-23.
  4. ↑ More than 1 in 5 children live in poverty in 40 of the world's richest countries (en). www.unicef.org. Retrieved on 2023-12-26.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "The Turkish economy is in pressing need of reform and repair", The Economist. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content
  6. ↑ Türkiye Report 2023 - European Commission (en). neighbourhood-enlargement.ec.europa.eu. Retrieved on 2023-12-29.
  7. ↑ Labour Force Statistics, 2022. data.tuik.gov.tr. Retrieved on 2023-12-26.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Cuberes, D., and Marc Teignier. “How Costly Are Labor Gender Gaps? Estimates for the Balkans and Turkey.” Policy Research Working Paper Series 7319, World Bank, Washington, DC. 2015.
  9. ↑ Kasnakoglu, Haluk and Erol H. Cakmak. “Agriculture and Poverty in Turkey: Issues, Challenges, Prospects”. SCD Background Paper. Turkey. 2016.
  10. ↑ Hohberg, M. and J Lay. 2015. “The impact of minimum wages on informal and formal labor market outcomes: evidence from Indonesia”. IZA Journal of Labor & Development, 4 (1), pp. 1–25.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Bozoghu, M., and V. Ceyhan. 2007. “Measuring the technical efficiency and exploring the inefficiency determinants of vegetable farms in Samsun, Turkey”. Agricultural System. Vol 94: 2007 pp. 649-656.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Creating Good Jobs. Forthcoming. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Hentschel, J., Meltem Aran, Raif Can, Francisco Ferreira, Jeremie Gignoux, and Arzu Uraz. Life Chances in Turkey: Expanding Opportunities for the Next Generation. World Bank. 2010.
  14. ↑ Cuevas, Facundo, and A. Acar. “Poverty Measurement in Turkey: A Review of Data, Methods, and Challenges”. Working Paper, World Bank, Washington, DC. 2016.
  15. ↑ Template error: argument title is required.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs. “Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Water Resources”. General Directorate of Water Management, Turkey. 2016.
  17. ↑ The Muslim Social: Neoliberalism, Charity, and Poverty in Turkey (Contemporary Issues in the Middle East) | mitpressbookstore (en). mitpressbookstore.mit.edu (2024-03-15). Retrieved on 2023-12-26.
  18. ↑ Bayar (June 2015). "Does Inequality Matter Air Pollution and Health Relationship?: The Turkish Case" (in en). EconoQuantum 12 (1): 7–30. DOI:10.18381/eq.v12i1.4851. ISSN 1870-6622. 
  19. ↑ At least 42,000 people die from air pollution in Turkey in 2021 (tr-TR). Gazete Duvar (2023-03-24). Retrieved on 2023-12-23.
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