Ịgba ala na Ireland

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Squatting na Republic of Ireland bụ ọrụ nke ala ejighi ya ma ọ bụ ụlọ arụrụ arụ na- ikike nke onye nwe ya.  N'afọ ndị 1960, kọmitii na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ nke Dublin mere ka ụlọ pụta ìhè site n'ịgbasa ụlọ.  Site na 1990s gaa n'ihu enweela ụgbọ agha oge ụfọdụ na Cork na Dublin dị ka Grangegorman, Barricade Inn, Bolt Hostel, Connolly Barracks, That Social Center na James Connolly House

Ikike nke ịkwa akwa na Ireland[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

[1]Mgbasa ozi kọmitii na-ahụ maka ụlọ obibi Dublin na-achọ awụ 1960 rụpụtara ọganiihu ụfọdụ ụfọdụ iwu mmachibido ike na ọrụ nke 1971, bụ nke mejọrọ squatting.  [1] Ndị squatters nwere ike ike aha ala na ihe site n'inwe ihe dịka iwu 1957 Statute of Limitations Act na-achị.  [2] Onye bi n'ime ya nwere ikike ikike akwụkwọ na ikike ndebanye aha ihe maka ọrụ iwu ma ọ bụrụ na ha na-arụ ọrụ na-aga n'ihu na ngwaọrụ nke ihe mmetụta na-achị nke ikike onye nwe  ya ruo afọ iri na abụọ.  [3] Ọ bụrụ na ala ahụ bụ nke steeti, oge ahụ bụ afọ iri atọ.  [2] N'afọ 2004, onye squatter nke ihe n' mgba ruo afọ 16 ike ike ihie n'ihi na onye nwe ya na-enye onyinye maka ọkụ n'ahụ, ebe na 2008 onye mgbasa ozi redio bụ Pat Kenny  enwetaghị ikike nke ala nke onye agbata obi ya nwere. [2]

Akụkọ ihe mere eme[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

[3] A Aha Squatting na Ireland aha n' akwụkwọ ozi na 1846, ma ka ọ na-erule 1870, e kwuru na okwu ahụ dị n'oge gara aga.  [1] [2] Ndị njem Irish ụlọ ụlọ na Republic of Ireland na 1970 wee jiri squatting dị ka ụzọ iji nweta ha.  [3] Kọmitii Action Housing Dublin (DHAC) nọ n'enwe n'etiti 1968 na 1971. Ọ ga-e ኳስ ụlọ iji mee polisere ụlọ ma kwado ndị ọrụ.  Dennis Dennehy agbaa mbụ na Birmingham na London.  E jidere ya ma ike ya map na 1969 ka o nwesịrị 20 Mountjoy Square n'afọ gara aga.  [4] Mgbe o nwanwaanyị, ọ kpalitere maka ụlọ.  A na-eme ekiri n'ahụ anya Mountjoy na ele nke akwa akwa O'Connell.  Ndị kansụl Trades Dublin akwụkwọ ya ma Onye isi ala Éamon de Valera nọ na-akpachi anya.  [5] Mgbe e ịhụ na 1969, a Chinese ndị ikom atọ mahụrụ mgbe ịchụpụrụ Carlton Hotel na Harcourt Street na ndị ọrụ ngwá agha ise gbachiri onwe ha n'ime ụlọ dị na Onyeikpe aanọ.

2000s[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ndị na-akwado ụlọ nwere ụlọ na Parnell Square, Dublin na July 2003 nke ha nọmba "Disco Disco" mana hapụ ya n'ime awa 24. [1] Site na 2003 ruo 2004 Magpie Squat bụ ebe obibi nke nwere ndị na- eme  ihe ike na Upper Leeson Street.  O nwere akwụkwọ na ubi akwụkwọ nri.  [1] Seomra Spraoi, onye anarchist, onye na-elekọta mmadụ na-elekọta onwe ya, meghere ọnụ ụzọ ya na 2004 wee gbaa ọsọ ruo 2015 [4] [5]

Afọ 2010[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

. [6]N'afọ 2010, na-ewu ụlọ ndị nwere n'ofe mba ahụ, arịa nke ọrụ n'ime ime obodo.  Otu nwoke na Tullamore, County Offaly ebubo maka mkpuchi ya n'ibu ikpe mgbe onye ọka ikpe ikpe ndị o mere na squat ya, na ala efu.  [1] Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri sitere na Occupy Cork gbadara ụlọ ọrụ National Asset Management Agency (NAMA) na Cork na ekeresimesi 2011, n'ebumnobi iji dị ka ebe ebe obodo obodo.

[7]Dublin dị 2014 International Squatter Convergence, nke emeburu na obodo dịka Brighton, Dijon, Berlin na Leeds.  Seomra Sprao mmemme mmemme.  [1] N'afọ 2013, squat ọhụrụ a maara dị ka "The Grangegorman squat" nọmba;  A maghị ya ruo n'afọ 2015 mgbe ọ na-akpare nchụpụ nke ọma ruo oge ụfọdụ.  [2] Akụkọ egwu nkpa na-aga nke ọma na mgbasa ozi mgbasa [3] na ike mba ụwa.  [4] Onye isi obodo Christy Burke [5] na onye nta ndị Irish Times Una Mullally squat ahụ n'ihu ọha, [6] tupu fịpụ ya na 2016, ebe ndụ ahụ mechara bụrụ ebe obibi akwụkwọ maka ndị na-aga.  Dublin IT.  [7] Ndị nwe nwe ụlọ nmeri akụ Neary na Parnell Street na Dublin nke dị n'ime ime obodo, enyo na 2015 wee nye ikike ya The Barricade Inn site na ndị squatters.  [8] [9] The Inn, nke Anarchists na-arụ ọrụ na-arụkọ ọrụ na ndị ọrụ, n'otu na-arụ ọrụ, nwere ihe mmadụ iri na abụọ bi na-arụkwa ọrụ cafe na ebe egwu site na ụlọ site.  na ụlọ.  ahụ.  N'ịgbaso iwu ụlọ ikpe, iwu ụlọ ikpechụpụrụ Barricade Inn na ndị bi na ya na February 2016

Ụlọ mkpọrọ ndị ji ụgwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

[8]N’August 2016, otu ndị squatters bụ ndị a ịchụpụ n’oge na-adịbeghị anya na akwụkwọ squat Grangegorman dị nso ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,  na amụma amụma nke ụlọ ahụ ka ọ oghere nka obodo.  [1] [2] [3] N'ịbụ ndị jigidere ụlọ ahụ, Steeti mara ọkwa na ndị squatters kwesịrị ịpụ, na-ekwu maka nchekwa na nchekwa.  [2] Ndị bi na ya na-achọ nkwado na saịtị n'aka ndịozi Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ọha na Ọha, yana ndị obodo na-ekwu na-emeghachi ụlọ ahụ ma gosi ala ala "maka ihe ngosi na njem"  nlegharị anya nke ga- ikpe na- ike ezi nke ọha mmadụ site n'oge gara aga ruo taa" .  N'etiti August 2016, e nyere iwu megide ndị squatters, na-enye iwu ka ha hapụ ụlọ ahụ n'etiti na Sun 21 August 2016. A na-eyi ndị squatters egwu na a ga-atụ ha ikpe ma ọ bụrụ na  ha esighị n'ogige ahụ

Ụlọ nkwari akụ Bolt[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2015, ndị na-ahụ maka ụlọ n'akụkụ aka ekpe weghaara ụlọ mbikọ ndị ntorobịa na Dublin's North Inner City nke ndị kansụl Dublin chere na "adịghị mma maka ebumnuche" afọ atọ gara aga wee mechie. Ngwongwo ahụ anọọla n'efu na-eche nkwalite, ọkwa ndị na-eme ihe ike chere na enweghị uche n'ihi ụkọ ụlọ na Dublin. Ndị na-eme ihe ike nwara imegharị ụlọ ahụ, nke dị na Bolton Street ma kpọọ ya "Bolt Hostel", mana e mere ka ha pụọ na ụlọ ahụ ọtụtụ izu ka e mesịrị na-agbaso iwu ụlọikpe. [9] [10] N'oge ụlọikpe ahụ nyere iwu, Kansụl ahụ kwuru na ọ bụ "ihe dị egwu" na ndị na-eme ihe ike chere na ọ dị mkpa ka ha nọrọ n'ụlọ ahụ, n'ihi na kansụl ahụ kwuru na ha enwetala ikike nhazi iji wulite ụlọ ahụ. Otú ọ dị, site n'afọ 2019, ọ dịghị mmepe dị otú ahụ emebeghị na a na-ekwurịta okwu n'ihu ọha na a na-eresị ụlọ ahụ maka ego ego ego. [11]

[12]Na December 2016 Apollo House, ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ 9 nke dị na Dublin City Center, bụ ndị squatters bụ ndị nwara ime ka ọ bụrụ ebe obibi na-eche ebe obibi.  Ụmụ nwanyị, nke ejiri mee ihe dị ka ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche, dara n'okpuru ụkpụrụ nke National Asset Management Agency site na 2016 n'ihi ahụ ike na aka Irish Post-2008 .  Otu nnukwu ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ọkọlọtọ nke "Home Sweet Home" nwere ụlọ ahụ ma kaadị tinye ihe ọmụmụ 200 ebe obibi n'ime ụlọ n'oge Krismas.  Ọrụ ahụ dɔtara ụgbọ dị ukwuu na Ireland wee dọta nkwado nke ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe nkiri Irish dị elu dị ka Glen Hansard, Christy Dignam, Jim Sheridan, [1] Kodaline, Hozier, [2] Damien Dempsey, John Connors na  Saoirse Ronan [3] nakwa otu ụdị ụkwụ dị ka Sinn Féin.  Na January 2017, nyere nyere ndị na ya iwu ka ha iwu na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, nke ha mere n'afọ na 12 January n'inye ihe ọ jụrụ.  [4] N'ime afọ ndị na-esote, onye nna ihe ọhụrụ ma kwatuo Apollo House

Connolly Barracks na Cork City[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'August 2017 ndị òtù Connolly Youth Movement na Cork City na-egosi ịgba ọsọ na mpaghara Mardyke, na-ahụ anya na University College Cork, bụ nke e gosiri sere "Connolly Barracks".  [1] [2] [3] Alex Homits nke CYM zoro aka na ọrụ nke Apollo House dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali.  [4] N'adịghị ka ndị anarchist squats, ndị bi na Connolly Barracks na-ekwu na a na-arụ ụlọ ahụ n'okpuru usoro iwu siri ike, na- data nhazi Marxist-Leninist nke Connolly Youth Movement.  A ndụ iji okwu ahụ bụ "Barracks" echiche a.  [1] [4] nke 2022, ọ ka na-arụ ọrụ

Afọ 2020[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ebe ahụ Social Center dị na Stoneybatter[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Na 12 September 2021 otu ahụmahụ ụlọ nke tọgbọrọ chakoo afọ iri na mpaghara Stoneybatter nke Dublin.  [1] Otu ahụ ịrịba ọrụ "The Social Center" aka "Sunnyvale";  na-enye ọrụ efu dị ka cafe na ụlọ ala igwe kwụ otu ebe.  Izu ise ka e nche, n'ụtụ nke 27 October, otu nnukwu m nke ndị na-eche na ịzụ, n'ihi ụfọdụ ezigara Gardaí, na-akpapụ ndị squatters n'ime ụlọ.  Esemokwu mebiri emebi nke ewepụtara na vidiyo wee tinye ya na mgbasa ozi mgbasa.  Ọ bụ ebe na ndị na-eche nche nwere ike ike na squat ma bibie ime ime ahụ, ihe ngosi na-egosi ngwa mere ihe omume nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọgba aghara, mgbe ahụ Gardaí mere ka ọ ahụmahụ ahụ abụọ ma zipụ.  ndị nche.  [2] Ka ọ na-erule mgbede ahụ, ndị squatters abanye n'Idi ahụ na nnukwu mmadụ gba egbochi iji kwado ha.  [1] [2] [3] Ihe omume ahụ kpalitere ụka dị ukwuu n'ime mgbasa ozi Irish, ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ozi na-atụ aro na ihe ahụ merenụ bụ ihe nkiri nke ọgba aghara ụlọ na-emiwanye emi na Ireland na Dublin  ụkwụ.  [3] [4] N'ọgwụgwọ Nọvemba 2021, onye ọka ikpe dị elu nyere ndị squatters iwu ka ha ike na ụlọ ahụ ma mechiri squat ahụ.  [5] Ndị otu ahụ mechara biri na Phibsborough, bụ nke weghaara aha "The Social Center" nke dị iche na squat "Sunnyvale" gara aga dị ka "Shopfronts" n'ihi na ọ bụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị dara ada  na Phbsborough.  A tọhapụrụ ụlọ Shopfronts n'ime oge ekeresimesi 2023 ka ọ bịara doo anya na usoro iwu na-enweta ngwa n'ihi otu ihe ahụ [6] Ka ọnwa Jenụwarị 2024, ndị otu agbaala ụlọ ọhụrụ, ma na-aga n  'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ọ dị na mbụ

Connolly House na Eden Quay[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

[13]N'Ọnọ Mee 2022, otu ndị otu ndọrọndọrọ nhọrọ nke a na-akpọ Revolutionary Workers Union (RWU) weghaara ụlọ na Eden Quay na Dublin wee ụlọ ya "James Connolly House".  Ndị otu ahụ kwuru na ha na-arụzi ụlọ ahụ, bụ nke ha kwuru na arụrụala ya, ma na-arụkwa ya dị ka ebe nchekwa na-abụghị ebe obibi na ihe ndị ọzọ.  The Times kọrọ na ụlọ ahụ bụ nke Salvation Army bụ ndị kwuru na a na-emeziị ụlọ ahụ maka ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ sitere na agha Russo-Ukrainian .  Otu Salvation Army katọrọ RWU maka ozi ọrụ ha ebe ndị RWU kwuru na ndị na-emeghị ihe na a na-arụzi ụlọ tupu ha eruo.  [1] [2] N'ọgwụgwọ May, Onyeikpe Kasị Elu ihe na ndị squatters ọnwụ ịpụ [3] na n'isi ihie June, mgbe RWU kwuchara na ha nke erube isi n' ahụ, ndị Garda Síochána chụpụrụ hapụrụ.

Njikọ Ụlọ Mgbanwe[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'ịgbaso ihe omume na Eden Quay, Revolutionary Workers Union kere ọhụrụ a na-akpọ Revolutionary Housing League, bụ isi ọrụ ya bụ akụkụ squats dị ka usoro ndị arọ.  [1] ahiri June 2022, ihe ahụ ngela ọtụtụ squats, bụ isi na Dublin, ọ bụ na ndị a na-eduga akpata, n'ihi na ụzọ ha si kpọsaa omume ha na-ebute nzaghachi ngwa ngwa site na An Garda Siochana

Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. Donnellan. "Precarious Living: Squatters' rights in Ireland", University Observer, 21 April 2019. Retrieved on 20 March 2021. (in en-ie)
  2. Finn. "Galway man denied squatters' rights after living in house for 16 years", The Journal, 20 November 2014. Retrieved on 20 March 2021. (in en)
  3. Murray (18 August 2016). Contesting Economic and Social Rights in Ireland: Constitution, State and Society, 1848–2016 (in en). Cambridge University Press, 294, 305, 306. ISBN 978-1-107-15535-0. 
  4. Seomra Spraoi. Poster Fish Promotions (9 June 2019). Retrieved on 23 September 2022.
  5. O'Callaghan (2016). "Temporary solutions? Vacant space policy and strategies for re-use in Dublin" (in en). Irish Geography 48 (1). 
  6. O'Connell. "Occupy Nama: the protesters' latest strategy", The Irish Times, 7 January 2012. Retrieved on 4 October 2020. (in en)
  7. McDermott. "The short history of squatting in Dublin: Rejecting consumerism and being 'a bit punk'", The Journal. Retrieved on 3 October 2020. (in en)
  8. Fitzgerald (2016-08-23). "This makes us homeless" - Tough choices lie ahead for squatters in abandoned Dublin prison (en). TheJournal.ie. Retrieved on 2022-10-06.
  9. Kavanagh. "What's Going on Now with the Bolt Hostel?", Dublin Inquirer, 17 August 2016. Retrieved on 3 January 2022.
  10. Murphy. "Can City Council Team Up with Radical Housing Activists?", Dublin Inquirer, 8 July 2015. Retrieved on 3 January 2022.
  11. Kapila. "Council Briefs: The Future of the "Bolt Hostel", and Student Housing on Parnell Street", Dublin Inquirer, 13 March 2019. Retrieved on 3 January 2022.
  12. Kelly. "Hawkins House, one of Dublin's ugliest buildings, finally set to be demolished", Irish Times, 7 May 2020. Retrieved on 3 November 2021.
  13. O'Faolain. "Salvation Army regains building earmarked for Ukrainian refugees after Garda operation", 9 June 2022. Retrieved on 14 June 2022.