Ịgbasawanye osisi
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Ịchụ osisi n'ụzọ gabigara ókè bụ ụdị igbu osisi nke iwu kwadoro ma ọ bụ iwu na-akwadoghị kpatara nke na-eduga na mgbukpọ ọhịa na-enweghị isi ma ọ bụ nke a na-apụghị iweghachite na mbibi ebe obibi na-adịgide adịgide maka Anụ ọhịa.
Ihe Ndị Na-akpata ya
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ojiji nke omume na-adịghị mma nke ịkpụ osisi na ígwè ọrụ dị arọ na-eduga n'oké ọhịa ndị jupụtara na ha. Norman Myers kwuru na ụdị Mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka overlogging bụ nsonaazụ nke "nkwado na-adịghị mma". Mmepụta nke anụ ahụ a na-atụfu na-enye aka nke ukwuu na mmetụta nke overlogging.[1][2]
N'ime ime obodo China, mkpocha osisi na-emetụta mkpa maka nkụ dị ka ihe na-agbanye ọkụ. [3]A na-ejikọkarị oke osisi na mgbalị iji belata "Ụgwọ ụwa nke atọ", ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị naanị na mba ndị na-emepe emepe.[4]
N'etiti Japan, a chọpụtara na oké ọhịa ndị dị nso na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik dị mfe ịta oke osisi.[5]
Mmetụta
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Site na ọchịchọ na-arịwanye elu nke mba ndị mepere emepe maka mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ, mkpocha osisi bụ ihe egwu na-abịa n'oké ọhịa nke ụwa.[2]
Ịchụ oke osisi emeela ka oké ọhịa dipterocarp mebie na Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia, gụnyere na Vietnam. [6]Na Philippines, oke osisi emeela brushlands nke nwere osisi, obere osisi, na ahịhịa. [7]Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 1994, oke osisi emeela ka e gbuo nde hekta 1.2 nke oké ọhịa Russia.[8]
Na China, oké ọhịa ndị dị n'ebe okpomọkụ metụtara site na mkpuchi osisi tupu e guzobe People's Republic na 1949, a na-ekpuchi ha n'oge Mgbanwe Ọdịbendị site na 1966 ruo 1976. [9]Usoro a emeela ka e nwee oké ọhịa ndị ọzọ a na-ewepụta mgbe a na-egwupụta ya. [9]Na Nature Reserve nke Ugwu Jinyun na Chongqing, oke osisi na-emetụta uto nke Phyllostachys pubescens (nnukwu achara). Ọ bụkwa nsogbu na Ugwu Karakoram na Kunlun, ọ kpatara idei mmiri na Min River Area nke Fujian.[10][11]
Iweghachi ya
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Iweghachi oké ọhịa ndị e kpuchiri ekpuchi nwere ike ịdị mkpa maka nchekwa nke ụdị dị iche iche ma ọ bụ nnweta nke ihe ndị sitere n'okike dị ka mmiri na carbon maka ndị bi n'ógbè ahụ.
Enwere ike ibelata mmetụta nke oke osisi site na itinye uru maka imezigharị ọhịa, omume nke na-aba uru n'ụzọ akụ na ụba. [12]Ịkụ osisi, ma ọ bụ ịkụ osisi n'oké ọhịa mebiri emebi, bụ ụdị mmelite aka nke ejirila mee ihe na East Kalimantan na South Kalimantan, Indonesia. E guzobere oke ịkwa osisi na China na 1987; ọ kwụsịrị igbu osisi na imebi ya mana ọ kpọghị ya n'ime ka ọhịa dịghachi ọhụrụ.[13]
N'afọ 1996, n'ịzaghachi mmeghachi omume banyere mkpocha nke ụlọ ọrụ na Malaysia, minista ụlọ ọrụ ndị isi duziri ọrụ ọhịa iji hụ mmetụta ahụ.[14]
Ihe ngosi
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọrụ nke Frederic Edwin Church, onye America na-ese ihe na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu nke na-egosipụtakarị ọganihu nke mmepụta ihe na ala ya, na-egosi na ọ "maara na oke osisi na-eduga na mbuze na mmetọ nke iyi".[15]
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke akwụkwọ
- Ịkụbiga azụ ókè
- Ịzụbiga nri ókè
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Myers. Perverse Subsidies.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Pulp and paper. WWF. “Paper products are crucial to society, as they have enabled literacy and cultural development. However, without changing current paper production and consumption practices, growing demand for paper adds pressure on the Earth’s last remaining natural forests and endangered wildlife.”
- ↑ Yong'an, Shen Fengge Wang. "On Strategic Choice of Energy in Rural Sustainable Development." Journal of Beijing Forestry Management Staff College (2002).
- ↑ Elliott (August 2004). "Strategies for sustainable development – Debt and the environment", The Global Politics of the Environment. ISBN 9780814722183.
- ↑ Nakata (2020-10-22). "Exploring forests vulnerable to over-logging to supply woody biomass to power plants in Mie, Central Japan". Spatial Information Research 29 (4): 569–576. DOI:10.1007/s41324-020-00365-3. ISSN 2366-3286.
- ↑ Ut, Ngo, and Tran Van Con. "The evaluation and classification of rehabilitated forest site after over logging in east-southern Vietnam." Science and Technology Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development (2009).
- ↑ Lasco (2001). "Secondary Forests in the Philippines: Formation and Transformation in the 20Th Century". Journal of Tropical Forest Science 13 (4): 652–670. ISSN 0128-1283.
- ↑ Speranskaya, O A. The Russian forest as an element in stabilizing global climatic change. United States: N. p., 1994. Web.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Zaizhi (2001). "Status and Perspectives on Secondary Forests in Tropical China". Journal of Tropical Forest Science 13 (4): 639–651. ISSN 0128-1283.
- ↑ A STUDY ON THE ALTITUDINAL BELTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE KARAKORAM AND WEST KUNLUN MOUNTAINS--《Journal of Natural Resources》1989年03期. en.cnki.com.cn. Archived from the original on 2021-07-13. Retrieved on 2021-07-13.
- ↑ Wang (2013-05-01). "Public Awareness and Perceptions of Watershed Management in the Min River Area, Fujian, China". Society & Natural Resources 26 (5): 586–604. DOI:10.1080/08941920.2012.718411. ISSN 0894-1920.
- ↑ Korpelainen (1995-12-01). "Profitability of rehabilitation of overlogged dipterocarp forest: A case study from South Kalimantan, Indonesia" (in en). Forest Ecology and Management 79 (3): 207–215. DOI:10.1016/0378-1127(95)03600-8. ISSN 0378-1127.
- ↑ Liu (August 2021). "Forest harvesting restriction and forest restoration in China". Forest Policy and Economics 129: 102516. DOI:10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102516. ISSN 1389-9341.
- ↑ Choong (1996-11-01). "Melanesia irks Malaysia". Pacific Journalism Review: Te Koakoa 3 (2): 133–136. DOI:10.24135/pjr.v3i2.597. ISSN 2324-2035.
- ↑ Anderson (1990). "Review of Frederic Edwin Church and the National Landscape". The New England Quarterly 63 (1): 171–173. DOI:10.2307/366075. ISSN 0028-4866.