Ọgwụ Ọgwụ
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chemotherapy (nke a n'emekarị ka ọ bụrụ chemo na mgbe ụfọdụ 'CTx' ma ọ bụ CTx) bụ ụdị Ọgwụgwọ ọrịa kansa nke n'eji otu ma ọ bụ karịa ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa kansa (ihe ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ ma ọ bụ ihe alkylating) dị ka akụkụ nke Usoro ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ ọgwụ. Enwere ike inye ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ na ebumnụche ọgwụgwọ (nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mgbe niile na-agụnye ngwakọta ọgwụ) ma ọ bụ ọ nwere ike ịchọ ịgbatị ndụ ma ọ bụ palliative_care" id="mwFw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Palliative care">belata mgbaàmà (ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ). Chemotherapy bụ otu n'ime isi ụdị nke usoro ahụike nke a raara nye ọgwụgwọ maka ọrịa kansa, nke a n'akpọ oncology ahọgwụgwọ][1]
Okwu ahụ bụ chemotherapy abụrụla ihe n'abụghị nke a kapịrị ọnụ nke nsí intracellular iji gbochie mitosis (nkewa mkpụrụ ndụ) ma ọ bụ mee ka Mmebi DNA, nke bụ ihe mere mgbochi nke mmezi DNA ji nwee ike ịbawanye ọgwụgwọ.[2] Nkọwa nke okwu chemotherapy n'ewepu ihe ndị ọzọ n'ahọrọ nke n'egbochi mgbaàmà extracellular (signal transduction). Mmepe nke Ụsoro ọgwụgwọ na kpọmkwem Molekụla nke Mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke n'egbochi mgbaàmà n'akwalite akara site na homonụ endocrine (nke bụ isi estrogen maka ọrịa kansa ara na androgens maka ọrịa kansa prostate) a n' akpọzi Ọgwụgwọ homonụ. N'ụzọ dị iche, a n'akpọ ihe mgbochi ndị ọzọ nke akara uto dị ka ndị metụtara tyrosine kinases na-anabata ọgwụgwọ dị ka ọgwụgwọ a lekwasịrị anya.
N'ụzọ dị mkpa, iji ọgwụ (ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ, ọgwụgwọ homonụ ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwụ a kara aka) bụ ọgwụgwọ usoro maka ọrịa kansa n'ihi na a n'ewebata ha n'ime ọbara ma ya mere ha nwere ike ịgwọ ọrịa kansa n'ebe ọ bụla odị n'ahụ. A n'ejikarị usoro ọgwụgwọ eme ihe na usoro ndị ọzọ mejupụtara ọgwụgwọ mpaghara (ya bụ, ọgwụgwọ nke ịdị irè ya dị na mpaghara anatomical ebe a n'etinye ha) maka ọrịa kansa dịka ọgwụgwọ radiation, ịwa ahụ ma ọ bụ Ọgwụgwọ hyperthermia.
Ndị n'agwọ ọrịa kemịkal ọdịnala bụ cytotoxic site na igbochi nkewa mkpụrụ ndụ (mitosis) mana mkpụrụ ndụ kansa dịgasị iche iche na ikike ha nwere maka ihe ndị a. Ruo n'ókè dị ukwuu, enwere ike iche na ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ dị ka ụzọ isi mebie ma ọ bụ nwee nrụgide, nke nwere ike ibute ọnwụ mkpụrụ ndụ ma ọ bụrụ na apoptosis amalite. Enwere ike ịchọta ọtụtụ n'ime mmetụta ndị ọzọ nke ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ na mmebi nke mkpụrụ ndụ nkịtị nke n'ekewa ngwa ngwa ma si otú a na-emetụta ọgwụ mgbochi: mkpụrụ ndụ dị na ụmị ọkpụkpụ, eriri agbari na ntutu isi. Nke a n'ebute mmetụta ndị a n'ahụkarị nke ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ: myelosuppression (ebelata mmepụta nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara, ya mere kwa immunosuppression), Mucositis (ọzịza nke eriri afọ), na alopecia (mfu ntutu). N'ihi mmetụta na mkpụrụ ndụ n'alụso ọrịa ọgụ (karịsịa lymphocytes), ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ọrịa ndị na-esite na mmebi nke usoro ahụ na-alụ ọgụ megide onwe (nke a n'akpọ autoImmunity). Ndị a gụnyere rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, vasculitis na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.
Usoro ọgwụgwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Ụdị kansa | Ọgwụ ọjọọ | Aha mkpirisi |
|---|---|---|
| Ọrịa kansa ara | Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, vinorelbine | CMF |
| Doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide | AC | |
| Ọrịa Hodgkin's lymphoma | Docetaxel, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamidecyclophosphamide | CT |
| Doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastin, dacarbazine | ABVD | |
| Mustine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisolone | MOPP | |
| Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma | Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisoloneprednisolone | CHOP, R-CVP |
| Ọrịa cancer nke mkpụrụ ndụ nje | Bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin | BEP |
| Ọrịa kansa afọ[4] | Epirubicin, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil5-fluorouracil | ECF |
| Epirubicin, cisplatin, capecitabine | ECX | |
| Ọrịa kansa | Methotrexate, vincristine, doxorubicin, cisplatincisplatin | MVAC |
| Ọrịa kansa akpa ume | Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, vinorelbinevinorelbine | CAV |
| Ọrịa kansa na-acha ọbara ọbara | 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid, oxaliplatin | FOLFOX |
| Ọrịa kansa afọ | Gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil5-fluorouracil | FOLFOX |
| Ọrịa kansa ọkpụkpụ | Doxorubicin, cisplatin, methotrexate, ifosfamide, etoposideetoposide | MAP/MAPIE |
E nwere ọtụtụ atụmatụ na nchịkwa nke ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ eji eme ihe taa. Enwere ike inye ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ n'ebumnuche ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ ọ nwere ike ịchọ ịgbatị ndụ ma ọ bụ belata mgbaàmà.
- ↑ (January 2002) "Apoptosis: a link between cancer genetics and chemotherapy". Cell 108 (2): 153–64. DOI:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00625-6. PMID 11832206.
- ↑ (2018) "Therapeutic Potential of NAD-Boosting Molecules: The In Vivo Evidence". Cell Metabolism 27 (3): 529–547. DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.02.011. PMID 29514064.
- ↑ Corrie PG (2008). "Cytotoxic chemotherapy: clinical aspects". Medicine 36 (1): 24–28. DOI:10.1016/j.mpmed.2007.10.012.
- ↑ (August 2017) "Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017 (8): CD004064. DOI:10.1002/14651858.cd004064.pub4. PMID 28850174.