Ọkọlọtọ nke Libya
E webatara ọkọlọtọ mba Libya n'afọ 1951, mgbe e guzobere alaeze Libya. Ọ bụ Omar Faiek Shennib chepụtara ya ma Eze Idris Al Senussi kwadoro ya bụ ndị mejupụtara ndị nnọchi anya UN na-anọchite anya mpaghara atọ nke Cyrenaica, Fezzan, na Tripolitania na mkparịta ụka UN.
A kwụsịrị iji ọkọlọtọ ahụ mee ihe n'afọ 1969, mana National Transitional Council mechara nabata ya na Ọgọọst 3, 2011.
Ọkọlọtọ ahụ nwere triband red-black-green design, etiti black band bụ okpukpu abụọ nke obosara nke mpụga bands. A na-ahụ kpakpando[1] na-acha ọcha na crescent n'etiti ọkọlọtọ ahụ.
Akụkọ mere eme
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Nhazi ọkọlọtọ Libya mbụ dabeere na ọkọlọtọ nke usoro ndị eze Senussi sitere na Cyrenaica, nke nwere ogige ojii na kpakpando na imewe, ma mesịa jiri ya mee ihe dịka ọkọlọtọ mpaghara ahụ.
Omar Faiek Shennib, Onye isi nke Royal Diwans,Onye osote onye isi na ụlọ omebeiwu na Minista nchekwa n'okpuru Eze Idris Al Senussi e nyere otuto na akụkọ mere eme nke Adrian Pelt, UN commissioner for Libya (1949 to 1951) maka imepụta ọkọlọtọ mbụ nke Libya. [citation needed] Dị ka Pelt si kwuo: "n'oge mkparịta ụka nke Libya National Constitutional Convention, a na-esepụta akwụkwọ nke ọkọlọtọ mba ahụ nke Omar Faiek Sehennib [onye nnọchiteanya a ma ama si Cyrenaica] nyere nzukọ ahụ. Ihe osise ahụ nwere agba atọ; ọbara ọbara, oji na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, na Crescent na Star na-acha ọcha n'etiti etiti ojii. Maazị Shennib gwara ndị nnọchiteanya ahụ na atụmatụ a enwetala nkwado nke Eze Ukwu nke Cyrenaica, Eze Idris Al Senussi [nke mechara bụrụ Eze Libya]. Nzukọ ahụ mechara kwado atụmatụ ahụ. " [afọ dị mkpa] [peeji [2]
Ọkọlọtọ a nọchitere anya Libya site na nnwere onwe ya na 1951 ruo mgbe ọchịchị aka ike nke Libya na 1969. A kọwara ihe nnọchianya nke kpakpando na crescent na ọkọlọtọ nke Alaeze nke Libya n'akwụkwọ nta asụsụ Bekee, Ọkọlọtọ Libya na Ukwe obodo, nke Ministry of Information and Guidance of the Kingdom of Libya (afọ a na-amaghị) wepụtara dị ka ndị a: "Crescent bụ ihe nnọchi anya mmalite nke ọnwa dị ka kalenda ndị Alakụba si dị. Ọ na-eweghachi uche anyị akụkọ Hijra [migration] nke onye amụma anyị Mohammed site n'ụlọ ya iji gbasaa Islam ma kụziere ụkpụrụ nke ezi omume na omume ọma. Kpakpando ahụ na-anọchite anya olileanya anyị na-amụmụ ọnụ ọchị, ịma mma nke ebumnuche na ihe na ìhè nke nkwenye anyị na Chineke, n'ala anyị, ùgwù ya na nsọpụrụ ya nke na-eme ka ụzọ anyị na-enwu gbaa ma na-eweta njedebe nke ọchịchịrị. "[3]
N'afọ 2011, a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ na Ibtisam Shennib na Amal Omar Shennib, naanị ụmụ abụọ fọdụrụnụ nke Omar Faeik Shennib.[4] Ibtisam Shennib chetara n'ụtụtụ nna ya wetara atụmatụ ọkọlọtọ na tebụl nri ụtụtụ ma gosi ya na ụmụnne ya, na-akọwa ebumnuche mbụ n'azụ nhọrọ nke agba na akara ọkọlọtọ. Dịka Omar Faiek Shennib si kwuo, "a họọrọ ọbara ọbara maka ọbara a chụrụ n'àjà maka nnwere onwe nke Libya, ojii iji cheta ụbọchị gbara ọchịchịrị ndị Libya biri n'okpuru ndị Itali na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ iji gosipụta akụ na ụba ya, ọrụ ugbo, [Libya a na-akpọbu 'iketi ọrụ ugbo' ma ọ bụ 'iketi achịcha' nke Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman] na ọganihu nke mba ahụ n'ọdịnihu. E debere kpakpando na crescent n'ime etiti ojii nke ọkọlọtọ ahụ dị ka ihe na-ezo aka na ọkọlọtọ Senussi na ọrụ Eze Idris na-eduga mba ahụ na nnwere onwe. Agba ọkọlọtọ ahụ na-ekwughachi agba nke ọkọlọtọ nke mpaghara atọ nke Libya: Fezzan (red), Cyrenaica (black), na Tripolitania (green).[2]
N'okpuru ọchịchị aka ike nke Muammar Gaddafi, Libya nwere ọkọlọtọ na-acha ọbara ọbara na-acha ọcha na-eji oji site n'afọ 1969 ruo 1977, ma jiri ọkọlọtọ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ dochie ya site n'afọ 1977 ruo 2011, n'oge ọ bụ naanị ọkọlọtọ n'ụwa nwere otu agba na enweghị imewe.
N'oge Agha Obodo Libya megide ọchịchị Muammar Gaddafi, ọkọlọtọ 1951 - 69 na ụdị dị iche iche na-enweghị akara kpakpando, ma ọ bụ na-enweghị eriri akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-eji n'ebe ndị mmegide Libya na ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe n'ọtụtụ ọrụ nnọchiteanya Libya na mba ofesi.[5][6][7]
National Transitional Council, nke e guzobere na mkpụrụ ụbọchị iri abụọ na asaa n'ime ọnwa Febụwarị 2011, nabatara ọkọlọtọ e ji mee ihe na alaeze Libya n'etiti 1951 na 1969 dị ka "ihe nnọchianya nke Libyan Republic".[8][9] A kọwapụtara ọkọlọtọ ahụ n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro na edemede nke atọ nke Akwụkwọ Iwu Iwu Libya maka Ọkwa Mgbanwe:
Ọkọlọtọ mba ga-enwe ọdịdị na nha ndị a:
Ogologo ya ga-abụ okpukpu abụọ n'obosara ya, a ga-ekewa ya n'ime eriri atọ na-acha uhie uhie, nke kachasị elu bụ ọbara ọbara, nke kachasị n'etiti ya bụ oji na nke kachasị ala akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, nke kachasị ojii ga-aha nhata na mpaghara abụọ ndị ọzọ ma nwee n'etiti etiti ya na-acha ọcha, n'etiti nsọtụ abụọ nke a ga-enwe kpakpando ọcha nwere isi ise.
N'ụbọchị iri n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 2011, France bụ mba mbụ nabatara kansụl ahụ dị ka gọọmentị Libya, yana nke mbụ kwere ka ndị ọrụ nnọchi anya mba Libya bulie ọkọlọtọ ahụ.[10] N'ụbọchị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Machị, ndị nnọchi anya Libya na-aga United Nations buuru ọkọlọtọ ahụ wee pụta na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ha, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị na ngwụcha Ọgọstụ site na Arab League na ikike nkwukọrịta nke Libya, Libya Telecom & Technology, na ebe nrụpụta nke ya.[11][12][13][14] N'ọnwa ndị sochirinụ, ọtụtụ ndị nnọchi anya mba Libya ndị ọzọ jiri ọkọlọtọ tricolour dochie ọkọlọtọ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke Gaddafi.
Ọkọlọtọ mbụ a nke Libya bụ ugbu a naanị ọkọlọtọ nke United Nations na-eji na-anọchite anya Libya, dị ka nkwupụta UN na-esonụ si kwuo: "Mgbe Nzukọ Ezumezu nabatara mkpebi 66/1, Nnukwu Ọrụ Libya na United Nations gwara United Nations na nkwupụta nke National Transitional Council nke mkpụrụ ụbọchị atọ n'ime ọnwa Ọgọọst 2011 na-agbanwe aha gọọmentị nke Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ka ọ bụrụ 'Libya' yana mkpebi ịgbanwe ọkọlọtọ mba Libya gaa na nke mbụ".[15] Ndị nnọchi anya mba Libya niile, dị ka ndị nnọchi anya na ndị nnọchianya, na-eji ọkọlọtọ mbụ nke Libya.
Ndabere iwu na iwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A kọwara ọkọlọtọ Libya na Nkeji edemede 7 nke Iwu nke ụbọchị asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba 1951. A nabatara ya n'ụzọ iwu na 24 Disemba 1951. Akụkụ sitere na iwu ahụ na-agụ, sị: A na-akọwa ma onyinyo ziri ezi na iwu iwu n'akwụkwọ nta nke Ministri nke Ozi na Nduzi nke Alaeze Libya wepụtara na 1951.[16] Akụkụ ahụ na-agụ, sị:
Atụmatụ agba
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Ọbara uhie | Ọcha ọcha | Akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ | Ọcha ojii |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RGB | 231/0/19
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255/255/255
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35/158/70
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0/0/0
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| Hexadecimal | #e70013
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#FFFFFF
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#239e46
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#000000
|
| CMYK | 0/100/92/9
|
0/0/0/0/0
|
78/0/56/38
|
0/0/100
|
Ọkọlọtọ ndị ọzọ
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Ndị agha Na-echebe Ụgbọelu nke Libya -
Ndị agha mba Libya (Variant)
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Ọkọlọtọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Flag | Afọ ndị e ji mee ihe | Gọọmentị | Ihe edeturu |
|---|---|---|---|
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1864 na 1911 | Tripolitania nke Ottoman | E webatara aha "Libya" ọzọ n'oge ndị Ịtali na-achị ya n'afọ 1934. Tupu 1911, vilayet Ottoman nke Tripolitania ("Alaeze nke Tripoli") gụnyere ọtụtụ n'ime otu ókèala ahụ dị ka Libya nke oge a. |
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1911-1947 | Libya nke Ịtali | Mgbe Agha Italo-Turkish (1911-1912), Ịtali guzobere ógbè abụọ nke Italian Tripolitania na Cyrenaica, nke sonyere na Italian Libya na 1934. Ha niile jiri ọkọlọtọ Ịtali mee ihe. |
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1947-1951 | Nchịkwa Ndị Agha Britain | Mpaghara ndị dị na Libya n'okpuru ọchịchị ndị agha Britain (Cyrenaica 1947-1949 na Tripolitania 1947-1951) enweghị ọkọlọtọ nke ha ma jiri ọkọlọtọ Union nke United Kingdom. |
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1947–1951 | Ógbè Ndị Agha nke Fezzan-Ghadames | N'oge French Administration nke Southern Military Territory, Fezzan-Ghadames, enweghị ọkọlọtọ nke ha wee jiri ọkọlọtọ France. |
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1949-1951 | Emirate Cyrenaica | N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, France na United Kingdom weghaara Libya nke Ịtali. E kwupụtara Cyrenaica Emirate na Cyrenaica nke ndị Britain bi na 1949 site na nkwado nke ndị ọchịchị Britain. "Emir nke Cyrenaica", Idris nke Libya, debere ọkọlọtọ nke eze ukwu ahụ nke sitere na ọkọlọtọ Turkey (ihe na-acha ọcha na kpakpando na-acha oji) dị ka ọkọlọtọ onwe ya mgbe ọ ghọrọ eze Libya na 1951. |
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1951-1969 | Alaeze nke Libya | A na-akpọ ya United Kingdom of Libya na mbụ, ọ malitere mgbe nnwere onwe na 24 Disemba 1951 ma dịgide ruo mgbe Muammar Gaddafi wepụrụ ọchịchị n'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 1969 chụpụrụ Eze Idris. Flag ya bụ triband nke na-acha ọbara ọbara, oji na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na ọnwa na kpakpando. |
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1969-1972 | Libyan Arab Republic | Mgbe nnupụisi nke afọ 1969 gasịrị, e ji Pan-Arab red-white-black tricolour nke Arab Liberation Flag dochie ọkọlọtọ ahụ, nke mbụ e ji mee mgbe Egypt Revolution nke 1952 gasịrị (nke bụkwa ntọala nke ọkọlọtọ Egypt, Iraq, Syria, na Yemen). |
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(1974) | Arab Islamic Republic | Mgbalị Muammar Gaddafi mere na 1974 iji jikọta Libyan Arab Republic na Tunisia mere atụmatụ iji ọkọlọtọ a. |
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1972-1977 | Njikọ nke Arab Republics | N'afọ 1972 mgbe Libya sonyeere Federation of Arab Republics, mba ahụ nabatara ọkọlọtọ ya, na-ejikọta ya na Egypt na Syria. O gosipụtara ugo ọla edo ("Hawk nke Quraish"), na-ejide akwụkwọ mpịakọta nwere aha Arabic nke Federation. Flag nke Libya site na 1951 ruo 1972 na kemgbe 1977 na-eji ọnụọgụ 2: 1, ọkọlọtọ 1972-1977 bụ naanị ọkọlọtọ Libya nke na-eji ọnụ ọgụgụ 3: 2 maka oge mbụ. |
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1972-1977 | Njikọ nke Arab Republics | Akara ụgbọ mmiri nke Libya |
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1977 2011 | Great Socialist People's Libya Arab Jamahiriya | A nabatara ọkọlọtọ nke Libyan Arab Jamahiriya na 19 Nọvemba 1977 ma nwee ubi akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Ọ bụ naanị ọkọlọtọ mba n'oge ahụ n'ụwa nke nwere naanị otu agba. Onye ndu Libya bụ Muammar Gaddafi họọrọ ya iji gosipụta nkà ihe ọmụma ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya (site na Green Book ya). Agba akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-anọchi anya Islam, na-egosipụta ọkọlọtọ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ nri nke Fatimid Caliphate. Na Libya, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ bụkwa ụcha a na-eji eme ihe iji nọchite anya mpaghara Tripolitania. Ndị na-akwado Gaddafi na-aga n'ihu na-eji ọkọlọtọ a. Flag ahụ nwere nsụgharị abụọ, otu nwere oke oke na nke ọzọ nwere obere oke. |
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1977 2011 | Great Socialist People's Libya Arab Jamahiriya | Akara ụgbọ mmiri nke Libya |
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2011 ugbu a | Ọnọdụ Libya | Mgbe ọnwụ Muammar Gaddafi na Agha Obodo nke afọ 2011, e weghachiri ọkọlọtọ nke Alaeze Libya.[17] |
Hụkwa ihe ndị a
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Akara agha nke Libya
- Abụ Mba nke Libya
Edensibịa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Is the Crescent Moon a Symbol of Islam as Is Widely Believed? (en). Learn Religions. Retrieved on 2022-01-18.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 National Flag of Libya. 24dec1951.com (24 December 1951). Archived from the original on 31 October 2015.
- ↑ cited after a copy kept by the library of Swiss Vexillological Society; c.f. Jos Poels at FOTW, 1997.
- ↑ For Amal, life (re)begins at 75 Templeeti:Pipe. Feb17.info (19 October 2011). Archived from the original on 11 September 2012.
- ↑ .Libya's monarchist flag: a symbol of anti-Gathafi protest. Middle East Online. Retrieved 27 May 2011.
- ↑ What's in a flag? – Libya. Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 27 May 2011.
- ↑ Mark Tran. "Bahrain in crisis and Middle East protests – live blog", The Guardian, 17 February 2011. Retrieved on 19 February 2011.
- ↑ National Transitional Council (Retrieved 13 March 2011) Ntclibya.org. Retrieved 27 May 2011.
- ↑ Libya National Flag. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved on 28 July 2011.
- ↑ "Libya: France recognises rebels as government", BBC News, 10 March 2011.
- ↑ "Libya air raid 'killed civilians'", BBC News, 31 March 2011.
- ↑ Libyan Mission New York. Libyanmission-un.org (5 March 2011). Retrieved 27 May 2011.
- ↑ Libya regains Arab League seat – Africa. Al Jazeera English.
- ↑ ليبيا للاتصالات و التقنية. Ltt.ly. Archived from the original on 2016-10-01. Retrieved on 2016-09-30.
- ↑ United Nations Information Service (Retrieved 19 December 2011). Unis.unvienna.org. Retrieved on 2020-03-14.
- ↑ [English translation based on The Libyan Flag & The National Anthem, a booklet issued by the Ministry of Information and Guidance of the Kingdom of Libya, cited after Jos Poels at FOTW, 27 January 1997]
- ↑ (24 August 2011) "What's the deal with the new Libyan flag?". Christian Science Monitor.
