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Ọkụ anyanwụ

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Akara anyanwụ na Sitka spruce

Anụ ọkụ nke anwụ bụ kpụkọrọ akpụkọ na-esochi okpomọkụ dị elu n'oge oyi, na-ebute mmebi n'ụgbụgbọ a na-ahụ anya na-adịgide adịgide. Mkpụrụ osisi nwekwara ike mebie. N'ebe ugwu, a na-akpọkwa ya mmerụ ahụ ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ.[1]

Ihe Ndị Na-akpata ya

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Ihe kpatara anyanwụ nwere ike imebi osisi bụ n'ihi ụra. Mgbe osisi na-ehi ụra n'oge oyi enwere ike ịmaliteghachi ya site na ihu igwe ọkụ. N'ime ọhịa ndị dị n'ebe ugwu na-ekpughere ìhè anyanwụ na okpomọkụ na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ na-eche ihu n'akụkụ, n'ihi ya, akụkụ a na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge anwụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge oyi (n'ehihie, ya mere n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ) ruo n'ókè na enwere ike ịkpọte ya n'ụra. Okpomọkụ a chọrọ iji teta osisi na-adabere n'ụdị osisi na ogologo ụbọchị, mana ọ na-adịkarị karịa oyi.[2] Ozugbo ọ na-arụ ọrụ, mkpụrụ ndụ ndị dị n'akụkụ ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke osisi ahụ enweghị ike ịlaghachi na ụra n'abalị, mgbe ahụ okpomọkụ na-alaghachi na ọkwa nke nwere ike igbu sel ndị na-arụ ọrụ. Okpomọkụ na-agbanwe n'oge oyi nwekwara ike ịkpata mgbawa ntu oyi, nke na-esite na ịgbasa na nkwekọrịta nke ogwe osisi ahụ.

Ọkụ anyanwụ n'elu ụgbụgbọ ntụ
Igurube na-echebe onwe ha n'ime oghere ọkụ nke anyanwụ

Mgbe anwụ anwụ na-apụta n'elu osisi, ọ na-abụkarị n'ihi ọkụ na-enwu na snow n'oge ọnwa oyi. Mmebi dị na nke a ga-apụta dị ka ogbugbo dara ma ọ bụ nwụrụ anwụ n'osisi osisi ahụ, emesia na ndụ osisi ahụ, ogbugbo ahụ nwere ike ịdapụ na-ekpughe anụ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ na oyi akwa cambium osisi ahụ. A ga-ahụkarị mmebi a na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ chere ihu n'akụkụ ogwe osisi ahụ. Enwere ike ịchọta ya n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke osisi ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na enwere ìhè sitere na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ, dị ka ihe owuwu mmadụ ma ọ bụ ihu nkume na-egbuke egbuke. Mgbe nkụnwụ anwụ kpasuru osisi, ọ na-aghọwanye ihe ndị dị ndụ na-emebi emebi. Osisi ahụ ga-emepụta mgbidi gburugburu ebe ahụ emetụtara, ma mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ gaghị ezuru igbochi ọrịa ndị ahụ. Anwụ anwụ na-emetụtakwa akwụkwọ osisi ahụ, karịsịa n'ụbọchị anwụ na-achasi ike na-esote oge iru mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ. Mbibi nke akwụkwọ ahụ ga-amalite dị ka bronzing nke epidermis n'etiti veins nke akwukwo, ma ọ bụrụ na anwụ anwụ na-adịgide adịgide anụ ahụ nke akwukwo ga-anwụ.

Mkpụrụ osisi

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Anyanwụ na-acha ọkụ na mkpụrụ osisi na-apụta mgbe a na-ekpughe mkpụrụ osisi n'ìhè anyanwụ kpọmkwem mgbe echekwara ya na oyi ruo ogologo oge, nke a na-ahụkarị mgbe owuwe ihe ubi gasịrị. Mmebi ahụ nwere ike ibute ọnwụ nke mkpụrụ osisi site na iri nri nke ụmụ ahụhụ, ụmụ anụmanụ, nje bacteria, ma ọ bụ fungus. Nke a bụ ikpe ma ọ bụrụ na ihe nchebe nke mkpụrụ osisi ahụ na-emebi nke ukwuu, nke nwere ike ime mgbe akpụkpọ ahụ mebiri emebi ruo n'ókè nke na mgbidi / membrane nke mkpụrụ ndụ ma ọ bụ na-adịghị ike nke ukwuu maka ndị iro osisi ahụ ịbanye. Akpụkpọ ahụ anyanwụ na-egosipụtakarị dị ka mmebi dị n'ime, na anụ ahụ metụtara na-enweta ọdịdị akpụkpọ anụ ma ọ bụ nke na-agba agba na-acha odo odo. A na-ejikarị okwu "sun scald" na "sunburn" eme ihe, agbanyeghị na a na-ahụkarị ọkụ mkpụrụ osisi site na ịpụta tupu owuwe ihe ubi ma hapụ odo, ọla nchara, ma ọ bụ nchara nchara nke akpụkpọ ahụ. [2]A na-ewere mkpụrụ osisi ndị mebiri emebi n'ụzọ ọ bụla dị ka ndị a na-apụghị ire ere n'ihi ọdịdị, ụtọ, na ọdịdị, mana a na-ere ndị nke ikpeazụ mgbe ụfọdụ na ọkwa dị ala ma ọ bụ jiri ya mee ihe dị ka ihe (nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe). Enweghị ike ịgbanwe mmebi anyanwụ, mana mkpụrụ osisi ahụ ka nwere ike igbochi mwakpo ma gbakee ma ọ bụrụ na a gwọọ ya nke ọma ma chebe ya pụọ na mmebi ọzọ.

Ọgwụgwọ

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Ọgwụgwọ nke ọkụ anyanwụ dị mfe: belata ike nke anyanwụ, ma ọ bụ gbochie anyanwụ kpamkpam.

Ụzọ a na-ejikarị eme ihe iji gbochie anyanwụ na-ere ọkụ n'ogwe osisi bụ iji akwụkwọ ọcha kpuchie osisi ahụ ruo n'alaka mbụ ya na-ekpuchi ihe dịka pasent iri atọ na atọ n'oge ọ bụla gburugburu osisi ahụ. Akwụkwọ ọcha ahụ dị irè n'igosi okpomọkụ nke anyanwụ site na osisi ahụ. A ga-etinye akwụkwọ ahụ mgbe osisi ahụ kwụsịrị maka oge oyi ma wepụ ya tupu ọ malite ịrụ ọrụ ọzọ. Ọ bụrụ na a hapụrụ akwụkwọ ahụ ogologo oge ọ nwere ike igbochi uto nke osisi na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ụmụ ahụhụ nwere ike imebi osisi ahụ.

Ihe osise

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Ịse osisi ahụ ọcha nwere otu mmetụta ahụ dị ka mkpuchi, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ mgbanwe na-adịgide adịgide na agba osisi ahụ. Mgbanwe a nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-adịghị mma, yabụ a na-ejikarị usoro a eme ihe n'ubi mkpụrụ osisi na ọ naghị adịkebe n'ịmepụta ala.

Nchịkọta

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Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ìhè osisi na-enweta n'akụkụ ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ ya na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke anyanwụ na-ere ọkụ osisi ahụ. Mbelata oke ìhè a na-ahụ osisi ahụ site n'ịkụ obere osisi ma ọ bụ ọhịa n'ụzọ dị mma iji kpuchie akụkụ ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nwere ike ọ gaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma karịa mkpuchi ma ọ bụ eserese, mana ọ nwere ike ịnwe àgwà mara mma maka ịma mma.

Mkpụrụ osisi

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Maka mkpụrụ osisi, akụkụ kachasị mkpa nke izere anwụ bụ ịmara ebe mkpụrụ osisi ahụ nọ n'oge ọ na-eto. Ọ bụrụ na mkpụrụ osisi ahụ toro na ndò, mgbe ahụ, ikpughe ya n'anwụ ga-emebi ihe ọkụkụ ahụ. N'ihi mkpa ọ dị idebe mkpụrụ osisi na-acha odo odo n'anyanwụ, a ga-enyocha akwụkwọ osisi mkpụrụ osisi maka ịta na ọrịa. Ọ bụrụ na akwụkwọ ndị na-eme ka mkpụrụ osisi nwụọ, mkpụrụ osisi ahụ ga-apụta ìhè ma nọrọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ọkụ ọkụ. Ihe ọzọ a ga-eme iji zere mmebi bụ iji ahịhịa ma ọ bụ ihe mkpuchi kpuchie mkpụrụ osisi iji gbochie anyanwụ.

Ebem si dee

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  1. Barritt, B.H., Konishi, B.S. and Dilley, M.A. (2004). "The Influence Of 12 M.9 Clones And 12 Other Dwarfing Rootstocks On 'Fuji' Apple Tree Growth, Productivity And Susceptibility To Southwest Trunk Injury In Washington". Acta Horticulturae 658 (658): 103–109. DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2004.658.12. 
  2. Yoo (2023). "Comparative analysis of metabolic differences between sunburn and sunscald disorder on 'Packham's triumph' pear". Postharvest Biology and Technology 195. DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2022.112153. Retrieved on 23 January 2024.