Ọrụ Map Ndị Agha

  Ọrụ Map ndị agha (AMS) bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ese foto ndị agha nke Ngalaba Nchebe United States site na 1941 ruo 1968, nọ n'okpuru United States Army Corps of Engineers. Na Septemba 1, 1968, AMS gbanwere aha US Army Topographic Command (USATC) wee gaa n'ihu dị ka nzukọ nweere onwe ya ruo Jenụwarị 1, 1972, mgbe e jikọtara ya na Ụlọ Ọrụ Nchebe Nchekwa ọhụrụ (DMA) wee degharịa ya dị ka DMA Topographic Center. (DMTC). N'October 1, 1996, a tụkọtara DMA n'ime National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA), bụ nke emegharịrị ka National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) na 2003.

.Ọrụ bụ isi nke Ọrụ Map ndị agha bụ nchịkọta, mbipụta na nkesa nke map topographic ndị agha na ngwaahịa ndị yiri ya nke ndị agha United States chọrọ. AMS na-etinyekwa aka n'ịkwadebe map ndị ọzọ nke satịlaịtị na akụkụ mbara ala; nkwadebe nke ọmụmụ ọgụgụ isi mba; nguzobe nke netwọk njikwa geodetic ụwa site na satịlaịtị na ụzọ triangulation omenala; na atụmatụ agha ngwa agha nke ihe Corps of Engineer. Ọrụ ọzọ dị mkpa nke AMS bụ idobe nnukwu ọba akwụkwọ data geodetic na topographic maka Ngalaba Nchekwa.

In 1910, the Map Reproduction Plant was given warehouse space at Ft. McNair, to accommodate the map reproduction unit of the Corps of Engineers. Ultimately named the Central Map Reproduction Unit, it incorporated a lithographic school and 18 assigned military personnel. After World War I, this would be renamed the Engineer Reproduction Plant. The ERP was noted for experimentation on cartographic and photolithographic processes and media. They also experimentation in aerial photogrammetry. A number of US Geological Survey employees were assigned to the US Army Corps of Engineers 29th Engineers, a map organization, during World War I. Major G.S. Smith commanded part of the 29th Engineers, a map making and topographical unit, with 53 officers and 146 men transferred from the US Geological Survey. Thirteen additional USGS topographers were assigned to the United States Army Coast Artillery Corps as "orienteur officers." When the 2nd Brigade of Coast Artillery was formed, the military made a similar request for more USGS personnel, but the order was denied as these men were needed for the US Army Corps of Engineers.