Ụgbọ mmiri igbe ozu

^[1]bụrụ mmiri igbe ozu ( Irish </link> ) bụ akpaala okwu ama ejiri ụgbọ mmiri na-ebu ndị Irish na-agbanarị oke ụnwụ Irish na Highlanders nke Highland Clearances chụpụrụ .

Shipgbọ mmiri akpati ozu bu ndị naakwaga mba ọzọ, ndị mmadụ juru na ọrịa, na- nri na mmiri na-adịghị mma, butere ọnwụ nke ọtụtụ mmadụ ka ha na-agafe Atlantic, wee bute ọrịa typhus North America na 1847 na 1847 ọdụ iche iche na Canada . [1] Ndị nwe ụgbọ mmiri igbe ozu na-enye obere nri, mmiri na ebe obibi dị ka iwu akwụkwọ, ma ọ bụrụ na ha erubere iwu isi ma ọlị. [2] Ebe ọnụ ọgụgụ ọnwụ na-eru elele 20 na egwu egwu nke oku 50 na-anwụ, n'oge na-adịghị anya, a bịara mara ụgbọ mmiri ndị dị ka ụgbọ mmiri igbe ozu . E liri ndị ọnwụ anwụ n’oké osimiri.

Ọ bụ ezie na ụgbọ mmiri igbe ozu bụ ụzọ dị ọnụ ala iji gafere Atlantic, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-anwụ na pasent 30 n'ime ụgbọ mmiri igbe ozu bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị. ^[2] E kwuru na a na-ahụ shark ka ha na-eso ụgbọ mmiri ndị ahụ n’ihi na a tụbara ọtụtụ ozu n’ime mmiri. ^[3] ^[4] ^[5]

Iwu

Iwu iji kpuchido ndị njem na-akwaga mba ọzọ, Iwu Ndị njem ụgbọ mmiri, bụ nke mbụ ewepụtara na Britain na 1803 wee tọ na-etolite n'ime iri afọ ndị sochirinụ. Dị ka ihe atụ, Iwu e depụtara na 1828 bụ akara oge mbụ nke Britain nwere ihe siri ike n'ihe gbasara ihe. N'ime afọ ole na ole, a hụ iwu iji ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị njem ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike ibu, na ịhụ na e nyere nri na mmiri zuru ezu maka njem ahụ</link>^{[ a chọrọ nkọwa ]}

Mana ọ bụghị mgbe niile ka a na-amanye iwu ahụ, ndị na-anya ụgbọ mmiri na ndị na-ahụ maka ụgbọ mmiri chọtara ụzọ ha ga-esi mebie iwu ahụ. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ụgbọ mmiri ndị na-esi n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ndị na-abụghị ndị Britain anọghị n'okpuru iwu. N'ihi ya, ọtụtụ puku ndị kwagara mba ọzọ nwetara njem jọgburu onwe ya na nke na-adịkarị ize ndụ. Ka ọ na-erule 1867, ụkpụrụ dị irè karị, si otú a na-enye ndị mmadụ nkwa nke njem nchebe, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị nke ọma. ^[6]

^[7]Ihe sheikh ụnwụ nke mba dị na ntọala Croagh Patrick na Murrisk, County Mayo, Ireland na-egosi ụgbọ mmiri igbe ozu nke nwere ọkpụkpụ na ọkpụkpụ dị ka mgbagha. Onye John Behan kpụrụ ya, ọ bụ ihe ọkpụkpụ kacha kacha ukwuu na Ireland. Onye isi ala Ireland Mary Robinson ịkpọ "okporo mmiri igbe ozu" na 1997 iji mee emume nke afụ 150 nke ọkpara Irish.

Na omenala ewu ewu

N'adịghị ka nghọta a ma ama, a naghị eji okwu ahụ bụ "ụgbọ mmiri igbe ozu" mee ihe n'oge oke ụnwụ n'onwe ya (1845-1852). Ọ pụtara n'akwụkwọ akụkọ Irish naanị otu ugboro n'ime afọ ndị gara aga na n'oge ọdachi ahụ mana agbasaghị ya n'oge ahụ ma ọ bụ na ojiji ya enweghị ihe ọ bụla jikọrọ ya na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị onye mba Irish bụ Thomas D'Arcy McGee a ma ama "igbe igbe ozu" Maachị 1848.

N'ezie, okwu ahụ bụ "ụgbọ mmiri igbe ozu" bụ nke a ma ama na mmalite 1870 site n'aka onye omeiwu Bekee Samuel Plimsoll dịka akụkụ nke mgbasa ozi ya maka ikike ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri. Ndị mba Irish nakweere ya n'oge agha ala nke ngwụcha 1870s na mmalite 1880 dịka akụkụ nke mkpọsa ejima ha maka mgbanwe ala na nnwere onwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. ^[8]

^[9]Na Pogues song " puku kwuru puku na-akọ ụgbọ mmiri ", ike nke onye Irish kwabatara kwara arịrị, "... n'ime ụgbọ mmiri igbe ozu m bịara ebe a / Ọ dịghịkwa mgbe m ikike n'ebe dị anya na ha nwere ike echiche aha m."

^[10]Ezin iro Dutton nke nwunye na ala Yellowstone kwuru na ihe ngosi prequel 1923 ka e "mebiri ya" "n'elu mmiri mmiri igbe ozu nke Ireland". ^[11]

Ọzọkwa Kenn Gordon & 1916 song " The Ships" na-mrị otú e si Bridge na ha na- Seesei ịlanarrị njem ahụ ha na-eme njem. Nke a asị ndị sitere na mkpochapụ Highland nke Sutherland na Caithness na ndị ọrụ ugbo Irish dara ogbenye. </link>^{[ a chọrọ nkọwa ]}

Na mgbakwunye, ndị otu igwe igwe Irish Cruachan na Primordial abụọ nwere egwu egwu "The Coffin Ships". Ụdị nke Primordial na album 2005 ha The Gathering Wilderness, ebe e dere abụ Cruachan (ihe njikọ) maka album 2007 The Morrigan's Call . Ndị otu Australian/Irish Clann Zú na-ekwukwa ụgbọ mmiri mmiri igbe ozu n'ime egwu "Oji ihu na bandeeji".</link>^{[ a chọrọ nkọwa ]}

Onye na-ede uri Irish bụ Eavan Boland na-ekwu ụgbọ mmiri mmiri igbe ozu na uri ya "N'ime ọkụ ọkụ" site na nchịkọta n'oge ime ihe ike, na n'ime ihe ọmụmụ ya Ihe nkuzi ihe: Ndụ nke mgbaàmà na onye na-ede uri n'oge anyị . </link>^{[ a chọrọ nkọwa ]}

Flogging Molly, otu Irish-American band with punk, na-eji okwu ahụ bụ "nwa mmiri mmiri akpati ozu" na abụ ha "Ị Ibu nzuzu n'ime m" site na album ha Float . Nkwuta okwu a bụ:

^[12]Akwụkwọ Frank Herbert The White Plague, nje nje na-efe efe zuru ụwa ọnụ nke na-egbu naanị ụmụ anọ, ụgbọ mmiri mmiri igbe ozu ọgbara ọhụrụ nke bu ndị Irish la LED n'Ụdị ọnwụ ha, dịka onye na-bụ akwụkwọ Ozi ahụ ahụike nje ahụ.

Onye edemede Irish Joseph O'Connor 's 2004 akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Star of the Sea ka edobere n'ime ụgbọ mmiri mmiri igbe ozu na ibu na ibu nke ọnwụ Irish. Akwụkwọ ahụ onyonyo onye na-ere akara nke mba ụwa.

Hụkwa

<i id="mwjQ">Hannah</i>, brig nke kụrụ iceberg wee daa na 1849 ka ọ na-ebu ndị Irish na-akwaga Canada.
Major Denis Mahon, onye nwe ụlọ nke Irish zipụrụ ọtụtụ puku ndị bi n'ụgbọ mmiri igbe ozu na Canada ma gbuo ya na 1847.

Ntụaka

↑ The Highland Clearances. thesonsofscotland.co.uk.
↑ Early Emigrant Letter Stories. eligrantletters.com. Archived from the original on 12 April 2010.
↑ Hickey (1980). A dictionary of Irish history since 1800. Barnes & Noble. ISBN 978-0-389-20160-1. “sharks.”
↑ Wakin (2001). Enter the Irish-American. iUniverse. ISBN 978-0-595-22730-3.
↑ Davis (1992). The Kennedys: dynasty and disaster. S.P.I. Books. ISBN 978-1-56171-060-7.
↑ Moving Here, Staying Here: The Canadian Immigrant Experience – "Right of Passage". collectionscanada.ca. Library and Archives Canada. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved on 18 April 2007.
↑ The National Famine Monument. croagh-patrick.com. Archived from the original on 2010-07-26. Retrieved on 2024-04-11.
↑ Cian T. McMahon, "Tracking the Great Famine's 'Coffin Ships' Across the Digital Deep" Eire-Ireland 56, nos. 1–2 (Spring/Summer 2021): 85–113
↑ McMahon (2022). The Coffin Ship: Life and Death at Sea During the Great Irish Famine. NYU Press.
↑ "Paramount+1923 season 1 episode 1 recap: 1923".
↑ "1923: Harrison Ford, Helen Mirren key to another compelling Yellowstone drama", Stuff.
↑ The White Plague by Frank Herbert, p. 142.

Njikọ mpụga

Àtụ:Great Hunger

[1] The Highland Clearances. thesonsofscotland.co.uk.

[2] Early Emigrant Letter Stories. eligrantletters.com. Archived from the original on 12 April 2010.

[3] Hickey (1980). A dictionary of Irish history since 1800. Barnes & Noble. ISBN 978-0-389-20160-1. “sharks.”

[4] Wakin (2001). Enter the Irish-American. iUniverse. ISBN 978-0-595-22730-3.

[5] Davis (1992). The Kennedys: dynasty and disaster. S.P.I. Books. ISBN 978-1-56171-060-7.

[6] Moving Here, Staying Here: The Canadian Immigrant Experience – "Right of Passage". collectionscanada.ca. Library and Archives Canada. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved on 18 April 2007.

[7] The National Famine Monument. croagh-patrick.com. Archived from the original on 2010-07-26. Retrieved on 2024-04-11.

[8] Cian T. McMahon, "Tracking the Great Famine's 'Coffin Ships' Across the Digital Deep" Eire-Ireland 56, nos. 1–2 (Spring/Summer 2021): 85–113

[9] McMahon (2022). The Coffin Ship: Life and Death at Sea During the Great Irish Famine. NYU Press.

[10] "Paramount+1923 season 1 episode 1 recap: 1923".

[11] "1923: Harrison Ford, Helen Mirren key to another compelling Yellowstone drama", Stuff.

[12] The White Plague by Frank Herbert, p. 142.

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