Ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik na akwụkwọ nke Bathurst
E guzobere na 1914, ụlọ ọrụ Bathurst Power and Paper Company bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-egbutu osisi, ụlọ ọrụ na akwụkwọ osisi nke na-enye ike eletrik nke ya site na Nepisiguit Grand Falls. Ọrụ ya dị na Bathurst, New Brunswick. Mgbe ọ gbanwere aka ọtụtụ ugboro n'ime otu narị afọ, Smurfit-Stone mechiri ihe igwe ihe ahụ na 2006, wee ree saịtị ahụ na ụlọ ọrụ mmepe. Onye nrụzigharị ahụ, nke na-adịghịzi na Jenụwarị 2016, ka a kwụrụ $ 150,000 na July 2016 n'okpuru New Brunswick Clean Environment Act.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mgbe ọnwụ nke Senator Kennedy Francis Burns jikọtara ya na nkwụsị nke Novelli & Company na Machị 1894, St. Lawrence Lumber Company, nke nwere ọtụtụ n'ime ihe igwe ihe nke Bathurst ma bụrụ nke Burns na-eduzi, dara. The Courrier des Provinces Maritimes kọrọ na 19 Septemba 1895 na ụlọ ọrụ Sumner nke Moncton zụrụ SLLC n'aka ndị nnata mana izu abụọ ka e mesịrị otu akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ kọrọ na ndị nwere òkè England ajụla onyinye nke $ 29,000, na-akwado Adams & Co. nke New York. Nwoke di Burns bụ Samuel Adams jikọtara ya na nwanne ya nwoke, Thomas D., Patrick J. Burns, Theobald M. Burns na John Flanigan iji mepụta Adams, Burns and Company (ABC). Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 1895, e meela ka ihe onwunwe dị na mpaghara ahụ dị, ọrụ gara n'ihu dị ka a haziri n'oge oyi nke afọ 1895.
The Courrier kọrọ n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 1897 na ABC nọ n'ebe a na-awa osisi iji wụnye ọkụ eletrik ka ha wee rụọ ọrụ n'ụbọchị awa 24. Ka ọ na-erule 1898, ABC nwere ma ọ bụ nye ikikere site na Crown 250 square miles (64,750ha) nke ọhịa.
N'afọ 1899, ABC tụrụ aro ịbanye n'ahịa osisi, ma nata site na Kansụl Obodo nnwere onwe afọ 20 site na ụtụ isi ọ na-achịkwa, Otú ọ dị, atụmatụ ahụ emeghị n'oge a.
N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1900, akwụkwọ akụkọ Courrier kọrọ na ihe igwe ihe dị na Burnsville, New Brunswick (nke K.F. Burns jikọtara ya na ihe igwe na Bathurst na 1890) rere Georges I. Theriault na Co.
N'afọ 1907, ụlọ ọrụ Bathurst Lumber Company nke e guzobere ọhụrụ zụrụ ọdịmma nke Sumner Company.
N'abalị isii n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1909, ABC wepụrụ onwe ya na East Bathurst Mill. Ndị nwe ụlọ ọhụrụ ahụ, ndị si na steeti New York, guzobere Nepisiguit Lumber Company (NLC). Ọzọkwa na 1909, NLC zụrụ ihe igwe shingle (n'akụkụ ọnụ Carter's Brook na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Bathurst) nke O.F. Stacy Company, nke na-arụ ọrụ kemgbe 1885. NLC nwere ikike nke 650 square mile nke osisi Crown; site na osisi a, NLC tụrụ aro ka ọ mepụta pulp osisi mana n'ime afọ abụọ, NLC ga-abanye na nnata na akụ ahụ laghachiri na ABC.
N'afọ sochirinụ, 1912, ABC rere ihe niile na Bathurst Lumber Company.
N'afọ 1914, n'ihi mbelata nke nnukwu osisi na North Shore, e wuru ihe igwe ihe kraft pulp na ihe igwe ihe sulphite pulp n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Nepisiguit, nso obodo na ala ugbo Cunard ochie. Ihe igwe ihe ọhụrụ ahụ na-emepụta ihe dị ka tọn 50 kwa ụbọchị.[1]
Angus L. McLean sonyeere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na 1915, ma weta ya ikike maka osisi na Gaspé, Quebec n'akụkụ Chaleur Bay.[2][3] Ọ ga-emesị bụrụ onye isi njikwa na onye ọha na eze nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ; n'ihe dị ka 1925 o wuru "ụlọ obí eze", nke See ọhụrụ nke Bathurst zụrụ na 1938.[4]
N'afọ 1919, ụlọ ọrụ Bathurst Lumber Company zụrụ ụlọ ọrụ Bathirst Electric and Water Power Company, nke e guzobere na 1904 site na Iwu Nzukọ iji mebie Osimiri Tetagouche, na 1912 etinyela ụlọ ọrụ hydroelectric na Tetagouches Falls, ihe dị ka kilomita asatọ site na Bathurst.
N'afọ 1920, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ zụrụ Cascapedia Manufacturing and Trading Company.
N'afọ 1921, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ malitere iwu ụlọ ọrụ hydroelectric na Nepisiguit Grand Falls. N'otu afọ ahụ, n'okpuru akwụkwọ ikike Dominion, a gbanwere aha ụlọ ọrụ Bathurst ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ ọrụ Bathirst Limited. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ malitere iwu ihe igwe osisi na ntinye nke igwe anọ nke mepụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ nke New Brunswick na 1923.[1][5]
E wuchara ihe mgbochi mmiri eletrik na Nepisiguit Grand Falls na 1926 na ọnụahịa nye ndị nwe ya ihe karịrị $ 3 nde. Nsụda mmiri ahụ na-ada ihe karịrị 100 ụkwụ site na ndagwurugwu granite siri ike. Ọrụ ndị ikom 400 nke iwu ihe mgbochi mmiri were otu afọ na ọkara ma mechie na 1921.
N'ihe dị ka ngwụcha 1927, nchịkwa nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gafere na Newsprint Bond and Share Corporation na 1928 ha guzobere ụlọ ọrụ Bathurst Power and Paper Company. Akwụkwọ akụkọ obodo ahụ kọrọ na nde $ 20 agbanweela aka.[6] Sir James Dunn gbara akwụkwọ na Angus McLean maka nhọrọ ngwaahịa na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nke o kwuru na agọnahụrụ ya.[7]
E wepụrụ ụlọ ọrụ osisi Bathurst No. 2 Mill (na East Bathurst) ma kwatuo ya na Jenụwarị 1928, ọ bụ ezie na ihe igwe ihe NLC a anaghị arụ ọrụ ọtụtụ afọ tupu ụbọchị a.
Arthur J. Nesbitt na onye mmekọ ya Peter A. T. Thomson nwetara ikike ka ukwuu nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na 1936 na Nesbitt, Thomson na Company site na ụlọ ọrụ ha, Power Corporation of Canada. Ọrụ mbụ ha bụ iwu ígwè ọrụ na-akpọnwụ maka imepụta igbe.[1]
N'afọ 1939, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ zụrụ ụlọ ọrụ John Fenderson, nke nwere ikike osisi nke Osimiri Jacquet site na Crown, na ụlọ ọrụ Jacquet River Boom.
Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ mepụtara Bathurst Corrugating Medium (BCM) na 1950. A na-emepụta ngwaahịa a site na osisi siri ike site na usoro kemịkal na-aga n'ihu, ma nye ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ohere iji akụkụ ka ukwuu nke osisi ahụ; n'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, obere ihe mkpofu sitere na ọrụ ya.
Na mbido afọ 1950, BPPC nyere ụlọ ọrụ Crown nke mpaghara aha ya bụ New Brunswick Electric Power Commission ikike ịchịkwa ụlọ ọrụ hydroelectric na Grand Falls.
N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Juun afọ 1959, e nyere bọọdụ nke abụọ ọrụ.
Na mbido afọ 1960, Power Corporation zụrụ Consolidated Paper Company. Mgbe Paul Desmarais nwetara ikike nke Power Corporation na 1968, ụlọ ọrụ abụọ ahụ jikọtara ọnụ wee ghọọ Consolidated-Bathurst Inc. Onye ọrụ kachasị ukwuu n'obodo ahụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ, Consolidated-Bathurst na 1977 were mmadụ 586 n'ọrụ. N'afọ 1989, e rere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na Stone Container Corporation nke Chicago, Illinois bụ ndị gbanwere aha ya Stone Consolidated Inc.
Stone mechiri ya na 2005 n'ihi ikike zuru ụwa ọnụ na azụmaahịa pulp na akwụkwọ. Ụlọ ọrụ Bathurst nwere ikike n'oge ahụ maka tọn 243,000 kwa afọ nke corrugated medium. Mmechi ahụ sitere na usoro post-millennial maka mmepụta mba ofesi. Onye isi oche, onye isi oche na onye isi oche nke Smurfit-Stone, Patrick J. Moore, kwuru, sị:[8]
Ihe edeturu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedp43 - ↑ Gaspesian Heritage Webmagazine: "Edwards & MacLean / Bathurst Power & Paper Co. Ltd.". Archived from the original on 2023-08-19. Retrieved on 2023-08-19.
- ↑ virtualmuseum.ca: "The Bathurst Pulp and Paper Industry - A Tale to Tell". Archived from the original on 2018-01-02. Retrieved on 2023-08-19.
- ↑ "The photography of Hedley V. Henderson (1891-1964) of Bathurst, N.B.". Archived from the original on 2017-09-10. Retrieved on 2023-08-19.
- ↑ A Canadian Family - Genealogy and Vintage Postcards: "View Near Pulp Mill – Bathurst | Forestry Fridays: Historic Views of Lumber Mills & Logging Scenes in Eastern Canada"
- ↑ Northern Light, "Bathurst Company Development in New Brunswick", 29 March 1928
- ↑ Northern Light, "Sir James Dunn Cases Postponed Till Fall", 3 May 1928
- ↑ cbc.ca: "Bathurst mill closes, hundreds lose jobs", 4 Aug 2005
Akwụkwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- MacMillan (1978). An Outline of the History of Bathurst. Sackville, NB: The Tribune Press.
- McCarthy (1999). Historic Bathurst on the Bay of Chaleur. Halifax, NS: Nimbus Publishing.
- O'Connell. Bathurst Lumber Company Sawmill No. 2. One Hundred Years of the Pulp and Paper Industry in Bathurst. Nepisiguit Centennial Museum & Cultural Centre.