Ụmụ nwanyị ntụsara ahụ na nka

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Ụmụ nwanyị nkasi obi - ụmụ agbọghọ na ụmụ nwanyị a manyere Ịgba ohu mmekọahụ maka ndị agha Imperial Japan - nwere mkpasasị uche n'oge na mgbe ha na-agba ohu.[1] E guzobere ụlọ ọrụ nkasi obi na 1932 n'ime Shanghai, agbanyeghị na ịgbachi nkịtị sitere na gọọmentị South Korea na Japan gbochiri olu nkasi obi ụmụ nwanyị mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị.[1][2] N'ịbụ nke ndị Redress nke ụmụ nwanyị na-eduzi n'afọ ndị 1990, a kpughere ihe kpatara nkasi obi ụmụ nwanyị nke ọma - n'akụkụ ụfọdụ n'ihi ọrụ nka anya na-akwalite ọgwụgwọ na ịmepụta obodo ndị na-eme ihe ike.[2]

Ọrụ na-apụta na nka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ruo mgbe Kim Hak-sun gbara akaebe na 1991, a na-agbachi ụmụ nwanyị nkasi obi mgbe a tọhapụrụ ha - na South Korea n'ihi omenala nwoke na ihere mba ahụ. [1][2] Mgbe nke a gasịrị, okwu ahụ nwetara ume, na arịrịọ maka nkwenye na nkwụghachi ụgwọ sitere n'ọtụtụ isi mmalite, gụnyere òtù ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ọkachamara n'iwu.[1][2]

Otú ọ dị, site na ụmụ nwanyị nkasi obi n'onwe ha na ndị na-ese ihe na-achọ ịgbasa akụkọ ha, a na-eji nka eme ihe iji mepụta ncheta nke ọchịchị. [3] [4][5] Nkà na ụzụ lekwasịrị anya n'ịkpali mgbanwe na ọkwa onye ọ bụla site n'inwe mmetụta n'echiche ọha na eze, na-ahụ na ọ na-etinye aka na enweghị nkwado zuru oke nke ndị ọkà mmụta na gọọmentị, yana inye aka na Redress movement.

Ihe osise ndị a ma ama[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Ihe osise nke Kang Duk-kyung
    • Nye Onye Obi amamikpe Ahụhụ
    • Ihe E Zuru Ezu
  • Ihe osise nke Kim Soon-duk
    • Okooko osisi a na-amị amị
  • Ihe nkiri
    • Okporo ụzọ snow
    • Mmụọ Na-abịaghachi
  • Ihe oyiyi nke Udo

Onyinye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'akụkụ ebumnuche dị mkpa nke ịkpọsa nsogbu nkasi obi ụmụ nwanyị, a na-ekewa mmetụta nke ọrụ nka n'ụzọ atọ: nkà mgbasa ozi, nke na-agbasa eziokwu; nkà mkparịta ụka, nke na'emepụta ohere iji nweta ezi echiche; na nkà mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, nke na[4]

Nkà mgbasa ozi[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

N'ịbụ onye na-egosi mmetụta nke ọchịchị ndị Japan na-achị, nkà mgbasa ozi lekwasịrị anya n'inye ihe onwunwe n'ahụmahụ ndị lanarịrịnụ.[3]  Eserese ndị a na-enweghị okooko osisi na Innocence zuru ezu chọrọ ikesa ezi ahụmahụ - ha abụọ na-egosipụta nkasi obi ụmụ nwanyị, nke ejiri okooko osisi gosipụta amaghị nwoke ha bibiri.[3][6]  Dika a na-egosiputa ifuru na-agbaghị agba ma na-enye onyinye na mba ụwa, akụkụ ahụ ewerela ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị - bụrụ ihe nnọchianya nke mgba nke Korea colonial.[4] [6]  Ọzọkwa, site na eserese ahụ Punish the Guilty, nkasi obi ụmụ nwanyị etinyela onwe ha anya dị ka ndị na-emegide ịchịisi.[3]  Ejiri ya n'ụlọ ikpe mpụ mba ụwa nke ụmụ nwanyị na ịgba ohu mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị ndị agha Japan, mpempe ahụ na-egosi ntaramahụhụ nke onye agha Japan nke Imperial.[3]  N'ịbụ ndị na-ebuli olu nke nkasi obi ụmụ nwanyị elu, nke a rụrụ ọrụ iji megidere akụkọ mba Japan n'ihu ọha, bụ nke nọgidere na-emegide nkasi obi na ụmụ nwanyị bụ ndị ohu mmekọahụ.[1]  N'ihi nke a, ọrụ ndị a rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onyinye maka nkwado postcolonial na nke nwanyị.

Nkà mkparịta ụka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọdịnihu nke ọnụọgụgụ ọdịnala na-akụda mmụọ, nka dialogic chọrọ ịgbasa mkparịta ụka gbasara ụmụ nwanyị nkasi obi.[6][7]  Ihe nkiri dị ka Snowy Road na Homecoming mmụọ - ha abụọ gbadoro ụkwụ na ndụ ụmụ agbọghọ Korea abụọ a manyere ịghọ ụmụ nwanyị nkasi obi - bụ ihe atụ nke ọrụ na-akpọ ndị na-ege ntị ka ha na ndị lanarịrị akparịta ụka.[5][6]  Ha na-eme nke a site n'imesi ike oriri nka dị ka usoro ntinye aka na ọha mmadụ, na-agba ụmụ amaala ume ịkwado mbanye na-aga n'ihu iji gosipụta ahụmahụ dịgasị iche iche nke nkasi obi ụmụ nwanyị.[8].  Ịbịa ụlọ nke mmụọ na-agba mbọ iji zere igosi ụmụ nwanyị nkasi obi dị ka ndị na-enweghị enyemaka, n'agbanyeghị na-ekwusi ike na mmanye ha na-ewe n'ọrụ.[6]  N'otu aka ahụ, Snowy Road na-ekwusi ike nkwekọ n'etiti ndị inyom Japan na ndị Korea nkasi obi ma na-eme ka nkwonkwo ha kwụsị ịgbachi nkịtị mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị.[5]  Site na nke a, enweela nsogbu nghọta nke ọchịchị ndị Japan na-achị, na-ekpughe ụdị mmekọrịta nke ndị Japan na ndị Korea na-akasi ụmụ nwanyị nkasi obi na itinye aka na gọọmentị mba abụọ ahụ na nhụsianya ahụ - na-egosipụta nkwado mba ụwa nke ndị òtù Korea na Japan na-eme, na-emetụta ụzọ ahụ.  ka ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu ghọtara okwu a.[2]

Nkà na ụzụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ihe oyiyi nke udo n'oge ngagharị iwe nke 2012 National Foundation Day

Na ebumnuche nke ịkpụzi obodo, nka mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya arụwo ọrụ iji jikọta nkwado na ndụ ụmụ amaala kwa ụbọchị. A na-ahụkarị ya site na Statue of Peace - ihe ncheta dị na Seoul, na-anọchi anya ndị Comfort System metụtara - a na-eji nka eme ihe iji mee ka a mara nsogbu nkasi obi ụmụ nwanyị na simenti dị ka akụkụ nke njirimara Korea postcolonial. Ụmụ amaala na-emekọrịta ihe oyiyi ahụ mgbe niile n'oge ngagharị iwe nke Redress, na-eyi ya ma na-ahapụ okooko osisi.[6] N'ihi ya, ihe ncheta arụwo ọrụ dị ka ebe a na-ejikọta ụmụ amaala iji gbakọta gburugburu, na-eme ka ọrụ sie ike. Ike nke mmekọrịta dị otú ahụ emeela ka e guzobe ihe ncheta ndị ọzọ n'ụwa niile, na-akpata itinye aka na nsogbu nkasi obi ụmụ nwanyị - na-akwalite ọdịdị mba ụwa nke ndị na-achị ala.[7] Nke a emeela ka a chọọ ka a kwụọ ụgwọ n'ụwa niile, na-egbochi mgbalị iji mee ka okwu ahụ dị ọcha - nke dị mkpa karịsịa n'etiti arịrịọ ndị Japan maka iwepụ ihe oyiyi ahụ.[1][8]

Mmetụta[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ọ bụ ezie na ọ ka nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'inweta nkwụghachi ụgwọ bara uru, ojiji nke nka anya na ụzọ ọdịnala nke ime ihe omume mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya emeela ka ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị dị mma n'ime ncheta South Korea - na-egbochi ihichapụ ha. Site n'ilekwasị anya na ọkwa nke onye ọ bụla, ihe osise etinyela olu ụmụ nwanyị nkasi obi, na-agba ume mkparịta ụka na-aga n'ihu nke ọha na eze - ma n'ime ụlọ ma na mba ụwa - nwere ike isonye.

Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Soh (2000). "From Imperial Gifts to Sex Slaves: Theorizing Symbolic Representations of the 'Comfort Women'". Social Science Japan Journal 3 (1): 59–76. DOI:10.1093/ssjj/3.1.59. ISSN 1369-1465.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Piper (2002). "Transnational women's activism in Japan and Korea:the unresolved issue of military sexual slavery" (in en). Global Networks 1 (2): 155–170. DOI:10.1111/1471-0374.00010. ISSN 1470-2266.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content
  3. ↑ Kwon (2017). "The Paintings of Korean Comfort Woman Duk-kyung Kang: Postcolonial and Decolonial Aesthetics for Colonized Bodies". Feminist Studies 43 (3): 571–609. DOI:10.1353/fem.2017.0033. ISSN 2153-3873. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Stetz (2002). "Representing 'comfort women': activism through law & art". Iris: A Journal About Women.  Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":3" defined multiple times with different content
  5. ↑ Kim (2017-09-30). "Collective Memory of Japanese Military 'Comfort Women' and South Korean Media: The Case of Television Dramas, Eyes of Dawn (1991) and Snowy Road (2015)" (in en). Asian Women 33 (3): 87–110. DOI:10.14431/aw.2017.09.33.3.87. ISSN 1225-925X. 
  6. ↑ Yoon (2021). "The Story "Our Grandmothers" Could Not Tell: Representation of the Comfort Women and the Physical Manifestation of Memory". Azalea: Journal of Korean Literature & Culture 14 (14): 311–334. DOI:10.1353/aza.2021.0018. ISSN 1944-6500. 
  7. ↑ Khrebtan-Hörhager (2020-10-01). "Re-membering comfort women: From on-screen storytelling and rhetoric of materiality to re-thinking history and belonging". Quarterly Journal of Speech 106 (4): 427–452. DOI:10.1080/00335630.2020.1828606. ISSN 0033-5630. 
  8. ↑ Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :5
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