A Bar at the Folies-Bergère

A Bar na Folies-Bergère (French: Un bar aux Folies Bergère) bụ ihe osise Édouard Manet mere, nke a na-ewere dị ka ọrụ ikpeazụ ya. E sere ya na 1882 wee gosi ya na Paris Salon nke afọ ahụ. Ọ na-egosi ihe nkiri na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ Folies Bergère na Paris. Ihe osise a bụ nke onye na-ede egwú bụ Emmanuel Chabrier, ezigbo enyi Manet, ma kwụgidere n'elu piano ya. Ọ dị ugbu a na Courtauld Gallery na London.

Ihe osise

Eserese a na-egosipụta nraranye nke Manet n'eziokwu na nhụta zuru oke nke ihe nkiri dị ugbu a. Ọtụtụ atụmatụ agbagwojuwo ndị nkatọ anya mana ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ha niile ka egosiri na ha nwere ihe kpatara ya, eserese a abụwokwa isiokwu nke ọtụtụ akụkọ ama ama na ndị ọkà mmụta.^[1]

Ọnụ ọgụgụ etiti ahụ guzoro n'ihu enyo, ọ bụ ezie na ndị nkatọ-na-ebo Manet ebubo amaghị echiche na-ebo ebubo dị iche iche na-agaghị ekwe omume na eserese ahụ-arụrịta ụka n'okwu a kemgbe ebipụtara nyocha mbụ. Otú ọ dị, n'afọ 2000, e gosiri foto e sere site n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị nke nrụzigharị a haziri ahazi iji megharịa ebe ahụ dị ka Manet sere ya.[1] Dị ka nrụgharị a si kwuo, "mkparịta ụka nke ọtụtụ ndị chere na ọ na-eme n'etiti nwa agbọghọ na-agba ọsọ na nwa amadi bụ ihe aghụghọ anya - nwoke ahụ guzoro n'èzí nke ọhụụ nke onye na-ese ihe, n'aka ekpe, na-elepụ anya n'ebe onye na-ere mmanya na-aba n'anya nọ, kama ịbụ onye na-ere ahịa. guzo n'ihu ya."[1] Dị ka ọ dị, onye na-ekiri ihe kwesịrị iguzo n'aka nri ma dị nso na mmanya karịa nwoke ahụ echiche ya pụtara n'akụkụ aka nri nke foto a. Nke a bụ ọpụpụ pụrụ iche site n'echiche etiti a na-echekarị mgbe ị na-elele foto ndị e sere dabere n'echiche.

Igosipụta ọnụnọ nke enyo dị oke mkpa nye ọtụtụ ndị ntụgharị okwu nke oge a.[1] Ọ na-enye myirịta bara uru na Las Meninas, ihe osise nke onye na-ese ihe Manet nwere mmasị na ya, Diego Velázquez. Enweela nnukwu mmepe nke isiokwu a kemgbe Michel Foucault kwusara ya n'akwụkwọ ya The Order of Things ^[2]

Onye na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme Jeffrey Meyers na-akọwa egwuregwu a kpachaara anya mee na ọhụụ na mmebi doro anya nke ọrụ nke enyo: "N'azụ ya, ma gbasaa n'ogologo niile nke ihe osise ụkwụ anọ na otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ, bụ ogwe ọla edo nke nnukwu enyo. Onye ọkà ihe ọmụma French bụ Maurice Merleau-Ponty kpọrọ enyo 'ngwá ọrụ nke anwansi zuru ụwa ọnụ nke na-agbanwe ihe n'ime ihe, anya, anya, m n'ime ndị ọzọ. Anyị, ndị na-ele anya, na-eleba anya na-echebe onwe ya anya na-ahụ ya n'etiti, ka ọ na-echefu ya anya na ndị ọzọ.^[3]

Ihe osise ahụ jupụtara na nkọwa nke na-enye ihe mgbaàmà maka ọnọdụ na ọnọdụ mmadụ. Nwanyị nọ n'ụlọ mmanya ahụ bụ ezigbo onye, nke a maara dị ka Suzon, onye rụrụ ọrụ na Folies-Bergère na mbido afọ 1880. Maka ihe osise ya, Manet debere ya na ụlọ ọrụ ya. Site n'itinye efere oroma n'ihu, Manet na-akọwa onye na-ere mmanya dị ka nwanyị akwụna, dị ka ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme Larry L. Ligo si kwuo, onye na-ekwu na Manet na ndị akwụna na-ejikọkarị oroma na ihe osise ya.^[4] T. J. Clark na-ekwu na onye na-ere mmanya "ezube ịnọchite anya otu n'ime ndị akwụna nke Folies-Bergère maara nke ọma", onye a na-anọchite anya "dị ka onye na-ese ahịa na ngwaahịa - ihe a ga-azụta na ihe ọṅụṅụ".

Nkọwa ndị ọzọ a ma ama gụnyere ụkwụ abụọ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ n'elu aka ekpe, nke bụ nke Onye na-ese trapeze nke na-eme n'elu ndị na-ere nri. A na-amata karama biya ndị e gosipụtara n'ụzọ dị mfe site na triangle na-acha ọbara ọbara na akara ahụ dị ka Bass Pale Ale, a kọwakwara ọnụnọ doro anya nke akara Britain a kama biya German dị ka akwụkwọ nke mmetụta na-emegide Germany na France n'ime afọ iri mgbe Agha Franco-Prussian gasịrị.

Ihe odide ọdịbendị

E kere ballet nke 1934 Bar aux Folies-Bergère na ihe nkiri nke Ninette nke Valois na egwu nke Chabrier site na, ma dabere na ya, ihe osise Manet.^[5] Ihe nkiri 1947 The Private Affairs of Bel Ami jiri ikwesị ntụkwasị obi na-ezo aka na A Bar na Folies-Bergère nkeji iri abụọ na itoolu n'ime ihe nkiri ahụ na onye na-eme ihe nkiri yiri ya, set na ihe nkwado ka ndị isi na-abanye n'ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.

Ihe osise ahụ bụ ihe kpaliri abụ (ma eleghị anya site na Sydney Carter) na mmepụta ihe nkiri a ma ama The Lyric Revue, na London na 1951. Nkwughachi ahụ gara "Oh, lee ka m ga-esi laghachi na Brittany m hụrụ n'anya [...] Mana akara aka ahọrọla m maka ụlọ mmanya na Folies-Bergères".

Ihe osise The Bar (1954) nke onye Australia na-ese ihe bụ John Brack, nke na-egosi ihe nkiri dị egwu na nke siri ike na Melbourne, bụ ihe na-emegide A Bar na Folies-Bergère.^[6]

Na ihe nkiri Eddie Murphy nke 1988 Coming to America, a na-ahụ ihe osise nke ndị na-ere mmanya bụ ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara na-eyi uwe uhie ma enwere hamburger na efere dị na tebụl ka a na-akwụnye ya na ebe obibi McDowell.^[7]

Onye Canada na-ese ihe Jeff Wall zoro aka na A Bar at the Folies-Bergère n'ọrụ ya Picture for Women (1979).^[8] Ihe odide mgbidi nke Tate Modern maka Picture for Women, site na ngosi 2005-2006 Jeff Wall Photographs 1978-2004, na-akọwa mmetụta nke ihe osise Manet: Adventure in Paris, akwụkwọ dị na atụmatụ British Oxford Reading Tree maka ụmụaka, na-ezo aka n'ụzọ doro anya na ihe osise ahụ n'ihe nkiri ebe ụmụaka na-alaghachi na Paris nke narị afọ nke 19 iji jụọ maka ebe Eiffel Tower dị.

Hụkwa

Ndepụta nke ihe osise nke Édouard Manet
1882 na nka

Ebe e si nweta ya

Ihe odide

↑ Malcolm Park, Ambiguity, and the Engagement of Spatial Illusion within the Surface of Manet's Paintings (PhD dissertation, University of New South Wales, Australia, 2001).
↑ Foucault has given a talk on Manet's Bar at the Albright-Knox Art Gallery in Buffalo on April 8, 1970. He had planned a book on Manet's painting and gave a series of lectures during 1970/1 but the project was abandoned; see Cahiers de L'Herne: Michel Foucault, March 2011
↑ Jeffrey Meyers, Impressionist Quartet: The Intimate Genius of Manet and Morisot, Degas and Cassatt. New York: Harcourt, 2005. p. 77
↑ Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lanier102-103
↑ Rambert, Marie. Quicksilver: an autobiography. Papermac (Macmillan Publishers Ltd), London, 1983, p157.
↑ The great art robbery. The Age (2006-04-14). Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved on 19 March 2009.
↑ "Coming to America" visits Trump's old stomping grounds—and 1980s Williamsburg. Brick Underground. Retrieved on February 23, 2021.
↑ Tate Modern National Gallery, London UK; Jeff Wall Photographs 1978-2004 (21 October 2005). Archived from the original on 2007-10-26. Retrieved on 2007-11-02.

[1] Malcolm Park, Ambiguity, and the Engagement of Spatial Illusion within the Surface of Manet's Paintings (PhD dissertation, University of New South Wales, Australia, 2001).

[2] Foucault has given a talk on Manet's Bar at the Albright-Knox Art Gallery in Buffalo on April 8, 1970. He had planned a book on Manet's painting and gave a series of lectures during 1970/1 but the project was abandoned; see Cahiers de L'Herne: Michel Foucault, March 2011

[3] Jeffrey Meyers, Impressionist Quartet: The Intimate Genius of Manet and Morisot, Degas and Cassatt. New York: Harcourt, 2005. p. 77

[Lanier102-103-4] Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lanier102-103

[Quicksilver-5] Rambert, Marie. Quicksilver: an autobiography. Papermac (Macmillan Publishers Ltd), London, 1983, p157.

[6] The great art robbery. The Age (2006-04-14). Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved on 19 March 2009.

[7] "Coming to America" visits Trump's old stomping grounds—and 1980s Williamsburg. Brick Underground. Retrieved on February 23, 2021.

[8] Tate Modern National Gallery, London UK; Jeff Wall Photographs 1978-2004 (21 October 2005). Archived from the original on 2007-10-26. Retrieved on 2007-11-02.

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