Achuar
| Achuar | |
|---|---|
| Shiwiar | |
| A mụrụ ya | Peru, Ecuador |
| Agbụrụ | Ndị Achuar, Shiwiar |
Ndị na-asụ asụsụ ala
|
4,420 na Peru (2012) [1],520 na Ecuador (2007) [1] |
Chicham
| |
| Koodu asụsụ | |
| ISO 639-3 | acu
|
| Glottolog | achu1248
|
| ELP | Achuar |
Shiwiar, nke a ịdị ka Achuar, Jivaro na Maina, bụ Asụsụ Chicham a na-asụ n'ụdị osimiri Pastaza na Bobonaza na Ecuador. Shiwiar bụ otu n'ime ọrụ iri na atọ nke Ecuador. [1] Asụsụ ụmụ amaala ndị a niile n'ihe ize ndụ.[2]
Ndị ọkà okwu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Shiwiar bụ asụsụ ndị Achuar nke mpaghara Amazon nke Ecuador na-asụ.[3] Ndị Achuar na-asụkwa Spanish, Shuar, na Kichwa tinyere asụsụ ala ha, Shiwiar. [3] Shuar sitere n'otu ezinụlọ asụsụ dị ka Shiwiar - Jivaraan . [3]
Ọ bụ ebe na ndị Achuar bi na Amazon Basin, iwepụta njirimara na ihe ndị a na-ahụ site na Ecuador site na igwu ala emeela ka obodo ndị Achuara ma tinye ụlọ ha n'ihe ize ndụ ndụ..[4]
Ọ bụ ebe na egwuregwu nke Ecuador bụ Spanish, ndị Achuar na-ama ndị obodo ndị ọzọ nwere ikike iji nke ha na ike site na iwu gọọmentụ nke Ecuador akwụkwọ na Decree No. 000529, Article 27, na Dirección Nacional de Educación Indígena Intercultural Bilingüe (DINEIIB)). [5]
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]| Bilabial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Mkpịsị aka | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ụgbọ imi | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Kwụsị | p | t | k | ʔ | ||
| Africate | ts | tʃ | ||||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | s | ʃ | x | |||
| Ihe atụ | j | w | ||||
| Tap | ɾ |
| N'ihu | Central | Ịlaghachi azụ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N'akụkụ | i. Ọ bụ:iː | u ũ uː | |
| N'etiti etiti | Sọnwa Anyanwụ | ||
| Emeghe | a na-akpọ aː |
- /i/ na /u/ nwere obere allophones [ɪ] na [ʊ], n'otu n'otu.[8] [ebe ndị mmadụ nọ?][in which environments?]
- /a, ã, aː/ bụ phonetically etiti [[[:Templeeti:IPAplink]], Templeeti:IPAplink, Templeeti:IPAplink].[8] /a, ã/ (ma ọ bụghị ogologo /aː/) nwere allophones ndị a: oghere etiti a na-agbaghị gburugburu [a̠, ã̠], oghere etiti n'ihu a na-agaghị agba gburugburu [ɛ, ɛ̃], oghere n'etiti n'ihu [e, ẽ] na oghere n"etiti n'azụ [o, õ] . [8] [Gịnị bụ nkesa ha?]
- /a, ã/ (ma ọ bụghị ogologo /aː/) nwere allophones ndị a: oghere etiti a na-agbaghị gburugburu [[[:Templeeti:IPAplink]], Templeeti:IPAplink], oghere etiti n'ihu a na-agaghị agba gburugburu [[[:Templeeti:IPAplink]], Templeeti:IPAplink], oghere n'etiti n'ihu [[[:Templeeti:IPAplink]], Templeeti:IPAplink] na oghere n"etiti n'azụ [[[:Templeeti:IPAplink]], Templeeti:IPAplink] . [8] [Gịnị bụ nkesa ha?][what is their distribution?]
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Achuar at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ↑ (2010) in Moseley: Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger, 3rd (in en), Paris: UNESCO Publishing. ISBN 978-92-3-104095-5. OCLC 610522460.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Crevels (2012). "Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking", in Campbell: The Indigenous Languages of South America (in en). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 167–234. DOI:10.1515/9783110258035.167. ISBN 978-3-11-025803-5.
- ↑ Achuar and the Amazon Basin (en-US). Indigenous Religious Traditions (2011-02-17). Archived from the original on 2020-12-04. Retrieved on 2020-12-11.
- ↑ King (2002). "Language Planning and Policy in Ecuador" (in en). Current Issues in Language Planning 3 (4): 359–424. DOI:10.1080/14664200208668046.
Akwụkwọ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Agba Ọhụrụ n'Achuar
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Achuar
- Ihe Omume Oké Ọhịa Shiwiar
- Achuar-Shiwiar na Asụsụ Ndị A mụrụ n'Amerịka
- Gee ihe atụ nke Achuar-Shiwiar site na Global Recordings Network
- Ihe onwunwe OLAC na banyere Achuar-Shiwiar