African Governance Architecture

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African Governance Architecture (AGA) bụ usoro maka mkparịta ụka n'etiti ndị nwere mmasị na ha bụ ndị e nyere iwu ịkwalite ezi ọchịchị ma kwalite ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya n'Africa. N'akwụkwọ akpọrọ The African Union Law (Ed. Berger Levrault, 2014, p. 29) Blaise Tchikaya guzobere njikọ dị n'etiti ikpo okwu a na-akpọ AGA na mmelite nke Iwu Mba Nile nke metụtara steeti Africa. AGA bụ otu akụkụ - ma eleghị anya nke kachasị mkpa - nke iwu ọchịchị mba ụwa na-adịbeghị anya.[1] Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ onye isi na-eme ihe n'ịkwalite domestication na mmejuputa ebumnuche ndị edepụtara na nkwupụta iwu na iwu na African Union (AU) Shared Values.[2] E guzobere na 2011 AGA dị na Addis Ababa, Ethiopia na isi ụlọ ọrụ AU na ndị otu AGA Platform nọ n'Afrịka.[2] N'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2016, mba ndị otu kwadoro iwu nke usoro AGA n'oge African Union Summit.[3]

Nkwurịta okwu banyere "Pan-African Architecture on Governance" malitere na 16th Ordinary Session nke African Assembly nke lekwasịrị anya na isiokwu nke Shared Values nke AU.[1][4] E mere nnọkọ a na Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, na 2011 ma nabata iwu nke ga-eguzobe "Pan-African Architecture on Governance".[5] Iji mee ka mkpebi nke Nzukọ ahụ dị na Ntọala nke Ọchịchị Pan-African, African Union Commission (AUC) guzobere African Governance Architecture (AGA) dị ka ikpo okwu na-akwalite mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ndị metụtara na-arụ ọrụ n'ịkwalite ezi ọchịchị na iwusi ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya ike n'Africa, na mgbakwunye na ịsụgharị ebumnuche nke nkwupụta iwu na iwu na ụkpụrụ ndị a na-ekerịta na AU (lee n'okpuru maka ozi ndị ọzọ).[6][5]

N'ihi na afọ 2012 bụ afọ nke AU Shared Values, a kpaliri akwụkwọ ikike dị iche iche nke AU ịghọ onye nduzi dị mkpa maka ọrụ ndị otu na ndị otu African Union.[4][7] N'ihi ya, e tinyere Charter for African for Democracy, Elections and Governance (ACDEG), akwụkwọ dị mkpa na-akọwa ọrụ nke AGA, n'ọrụ mgbe a nabatara ya na 2007.[8][9]

Ihe mgbaru ọsọ na ebumnuche / Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ihe mgbaru ọsọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Ihe Ndị E Mere[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. Mee ka mmekọrịta dị omimi, nhazi, imekọ ihe ọnụ na nkwekọrịta nke ụkpụrụ ndị a na-ekerịta n'etiti òtù AU, ụlọ ọrụ na RECs na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, ọchịchị, ikike mmadụ na ihe gbasara mmadụ.

A na-ahazi AGA gburugburu usoro iwu nke African Union Shared Values guzobere.[10] AGA dabeere na ebumnuche na ụkpụrụ ndị akọwapụtara na ngwaọrụ dị iche iche nke AU Shared Values nke mba ndị otu AU bịanyere aka na ya ma si otú a kwado ya, gụnyere ma ọ bụghị nanị na ndị a:

Aha ngwá egwú Nkọwa dị mkpirikpi
Iwu Iwu nke African Union[11] Na-eguzobe African Union ma kọwaa ebumnuche ya, ọkachasị mkpebi ịkwalite ụkpụrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, itinye aka na ezi ọchịchị.
Akwụkwọ ikike Afrịka maka ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, ntuli aka na ọchịchị[12] Ọ na-agbasawanye iwu iwu, na-etinye mba ndị otu na-agbaso ụkpụrụ zuru ụwa ọnụ na ụkpụrụ nke ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na nkwanye ùgwù maka ikike mmadụ. Ọ na-akwalite ịgbaso ọchịchị iwu, ịme ntuli aka n'efu na nke ziri ezi, na ịjụ mgbanwe gọọmentị na-ekwekọghị na iwu.
Akwụkwọ ikike Afrịka maka ikike mmadụ na nke ndị mmadụ[13] Ọ na-amata ikike, ọrụ na nnwere onwe nke na-abawanye na ndị Afrịka niile ma na-ekwe ka mba ndị mejupụtara ya mee ka ha mee iwu ma ọ bụ usoro ndị ọzọ iji mee ka ikike ndị ahụ dị irè.
Nkwekọrịta[14] OAU Na-achịkwa Akụkụ Ndị A kapịrị ọnụ nke Nsogbu Ndị Gbara Ọsọ Ndụ n'Africa Ọ na-akọwa okwu "onye gbara ọsọ ndụ" ma hụ na a ga-echebe ndị na-achọ ebe mgbaba.
Akwụkwọ ikike Africa maka ikike na ọdịmma nke ụmụaka[15] Ọ na-ekweta nnwere onwe pụọ na ịkpa ókè, ikike ebumpụta ụwa, na mkpa ọ dị ichebe ụmụaka n'okpuru iwu na kọntinent ahụ.
Nkwekọrịta na Charter Africa na-eguzobe Ụlọikpe Africa maka Ikike Mmadụ na Ndị Mmadụ[16] Na-enye maka ọrụ, ibu ọrụ na ikike nke Ụlọikpe, yana usoro maka ido onwe ya n'okpuru Ụlọikpe.
Nkwekọrịta na Charter Africa na ikike mmadụ na nke ndị mmadụ na ikike ụmụ nwanyị n'Africa[17] Ọ na-achọ ka ndị otu steeti lụso ụdị ịkpa ókè niile megide ụmụ nwanyị ọgụ site na usoro iwu, ụlọ ọrụ na usoro ndị ọzọ kwesịrị ekwesị. Ọ na-enyekwa ndị otu steeti aka ịgbanwe usoro mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ọdịbendị nke omume ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke iji nweta iwepụ omenala na omenala na-emerụ ahụ na omume ndị ọzọ niile dabere n'echiche nke ịdị ala ma ọ bụ ịdị elu nke nwoke na nwanyị, ma ọ bụ na ọrụ a na-ahụkarị maka ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ikom.
Akwụkwọ ikike Afrịka maka Ụkpụrụ na Ụkpụrụ nke Ọrụ Ọha na Nchịkwa[18] Ebumnuche iji hụ na nnyefe ọrụ dị mma na nke ọhụrụ nke na-emezu ihe ndị ọrụ niile chọrọ ka ọ na-agba mbọ nke Mba Ndị mejupụtara na imeziwanye nchịkwa na iwusi ikike maka imeziwanye ọrụ ọha na eze.
Nkwekọrịta African Union maka Nchebe na Enyemaka nke Ndị A Chụpụrụ n'ime Africa[19] Ọ na-eguzobe usoro iwu maka igbochi ndị na-enweghị ebe obibi, na ichebe na inyere ndị na-anọghị n'ime obodo aka n'Africa, ka ọ na-enye ihe ngwọta na-adịgide adịgide maka ndị na-apụ apụ.
Nkwekọrịta na Iwu nke Ụlọikpe Ikpe na Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ nke Africa[20] Ebumnuche ya bụ ijikọ Ụlọikpe Africa na Ikike Mmadụ na Ikike Ndị Mmadụ na Ụlọikpe Ikpe nke African Union. Ọ na-eguzobe Ụlọikpe ahụ kpọmkwem ma kọwaa nhazi ya, ikike na usoro ya.
Nkwekọrịta metụtara Ntọala nke Peace and Security Council nke African Union[21] Na-eguzobe ụlọ ọrụ na-eme mkpebi maka mgbochi, njikwa na idozi esemokwu na kọntinent ahụ.
Nkwekọrịta African Union maka igbochi na ịlụso nrụrụ aka ọgụ[22] Ọ na-anabata mmetụta na-emebi ihe nke nrụrụ aka na kọntinent ahụ ma na-akwalite mmepe nke usoro achọrọ iji gbochie, chọpụta, nye ntaramahụhụ na iwepụ nrụrụ aka yana mmejọ ndị metụtara ya na ngalaba ọha na eze na nke onwe.
Akwụkwọ Iwu Ndị Ntorobịa Africa[23] Na-echebe ndị na-eto eto pụọ na ịkpa ókè ma hụ na ha nwere onwe ha ịgagharị, ikwu okwu, mkpakọrịta, okpukpe, nwe ihe onwunwe na ikike mmadụ ndị ọzọ, ka ha na-agba mbọ ịkwalite ndị ntorobịa na-ekere òkè na ọha mmadụ niile.
Nkwupụta Algiers Banyere Mgbanwe Ndị Na-ekwekọghị n'Ụkpụrụ Iwu Ọ na-ekwu maka mkpa ọ dị ime ka ikike nke AU sie ike iji dozie ihe otiti nke mgbanwe ndị na-ekwekọghị na iwu nke gọọmentị.
Nkwupụta Lomé Banyere Mgbanwe Gọọmentị Na-ekwekọghị na Iwu Ọ na-ekwusi ike ma na-emelite nkwupụta Algiers, na-etinye aka na ịjụ mgbanwe ndị na-ekwekọghị na gọọmentị nke AU.
Nkwupụta OAU/AU banyere Ụkpụrụ Na-achịkwa Nhọrọ Democratic[24] Ọ na-enye maka ntuli aka ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya dị ka ihe ndabere nke ikike nke gọọmentị nnọchiteanya ọ bụla ma kwuo ụkpụrụ maka ntuliaka dị otú ahụ, gụnyere nduzi maka ndị na-ekiri na ndị nlekota.
Nzukọ maka Nkwụsi ike, Nchebe, Mmepe na Ọchịchị Onye kwuo uche ya (CSSDCA) Memorandum of Understanding Ọ na-ekwughachi njikọ dị mkpa n'etiti nkwụsi ike, nchekwa mmadụ, mmepe na imekọ ihe ọnụ n'ụzọ na-eme ka ibe ya sikwuo ike.
Usoro Iwu nke African Union Post-Conflict na Reconstruction[25] Ọ na-ewepụta atụmatụ Afrịka maka iwughachi mgbe esemokwu gasịrị nke ebumnuche ya bụ, n'etiti ihe ndị ọzọ, iji dozie njikọ dị n'etiti udo, nchekwa, ọrụ ebere na mmepe nke iwughachi na iwughachi udo mgbe esemokwu biri.
Njikọ Ọhụrụ maka Mmepe Africa (NEPAD) Nkwupụta maka Ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụ na ụba na ọchịchị ụlọ ọrụ[26] Na-eme mkpebi iji hụ na iwu mba nke ndị isi na-egosipụta ụkpụrụ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya ma na-akwado ọchịchị onye kwuo ike na ezi ọchịchị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ọchịchị akụ na ụba na ụlọ ọrụ, mmepe mmekọrịta na akụ na ụba yana usoro nyocha ndị ọgbọ Africa.
Nkwekọrịta nke Nkwekọ na African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM)[27] Na-eguzobe mmekọrịta na steeti ndị bịanyere aka na APRM ma na-agba mbọ itinye n'ọrụ nkwekọrịta ndị a na-ekerịta dịka e guzobere na Iwu Iwu.
Nkwupụta Kigali Banyere Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ n'Africa[28] Ọ na-ekwughachi ụkpụrụ ahụ na ikike mmadụ niile bụ nke zuru ụwa ọnụ, nke a na-apụghị ikewapụ iche, nke na-adabere na ibe ya na nke metụtara ibe ya. Ọ na-ekwughachi nkwa nke mba ndị otu iji kwado ma chebe ikike ndị a dị ka e kwuru.
Nkwupụta Dị Nsọ Banyere Ịha nhata Mmekọahụ N'Africa[29] Ọ na-ekwughachi mkpebi maka ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị ma kweta ime ka mmejuputa usoro iji lụso ịkpa ókè ọgụ ma hụ na ụmụ nwanyị sonyere n'ụzọ zuru oke na nke ọma na usoro udo.
Nkwupụta na Isiokwu nke Nzukọ 2012 "N'ihu Ịdị n'Otu na Njikọ Kasị Elu site na Ụkpụrụ Ndị A Na-ekerịta"[30] Ọ na-eguzobe AGA ma na-etinye African Union n'ọrụ ma na-akwado ụkpụrụ ya.

Ụlọ Ọrụ Ọchịchị Afrịka (APF) bụ usoro nchịkọta akụ nke AGA e mere iji kwado atụmatụ na mmemme nke Platform Members nke na-akwalite ezi ọchịchị na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na kọntinent ahụ. Ebumnuche ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ ịkwalite:[31]ike ụlọ ọrụ ike na iwu ụlọ; mkparita uka iji kwado ntinye aka nwa amaala na usoro ochichi onye kwuo uche ya; nkwado teknụzụ nye mba ndị otu kwupụta nkwenye, ime ụlọ, mmejuputa iwu na ịkọ akụkọ na ngwa AU Shared Values; na mgbochi diplomacy, post esemokwu nwughari na Eme udo  atumatu "[51].

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 EuropaAfrica. "The African Governance Architecture", europafrica, 10 March 2011. Retrieved on 31 May 2016.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Murithi (2013). Handbook of Africa's International Relations. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. ISBN 9781136636967. 
  3. ↑ AUC. Decisions of the Twenty-Sixth Ordinary Session of the Assembly of Unions. AU. Archived from the original on 2016-09-13. Retrieved on 2016-05-24.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Transparency International. "Shared African values", www.transparency.org, Transparency International, 27 January 2011. Retrieved on 31 May 2016.Transparency International (27 January 2011). "Shared African values". www.transparency.org. Transparency International. Transparency International. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Makinda (2015). The African Union: Addressing the Challenges of Peace, Security, and Governance. Routledge. ISBN 9781317420293. 
  6. ↑ AGA. AU Shared Values. Archived from the original on 19 July 2016. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  7. ↑ Polity. "AU: Statement by the African Union, on the recently concluded Year of Shared Values", Polity.org.za, 24 January 2013. Retrieved on 31 May 2016.
  8. ↑ ACHPR. African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance / Legal Instruments / ACHPR. achpr. Archived from the original on 2022-11-29. Retrieved on 2023-06-10.
  9. ↑ Karmo. "Liberia: Regional Peace - AU Wants Liberia Ratify ACDEG Legislation", allAfrica.com, 6 June 2014. Retrieved on 31 May 2016.
  10. ↑ Maru. Can the regional economic communities support implementation of the African Governance Architecture (AGA)?. ECDPM. Archived from the original on 27 January 2018. Retrieved on 2 June 2016.
  11. ↑ African Union. Constitutive Act. Archived from the original on 11 October 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  12. ↑ African Union. African Charter on Democracy Elections and Governance. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  13. ↑ African Union. African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights. Archived from the original on 27 September 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  14. ↑ African Union. OAU Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  15. ↑ African Union. African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  16. ↑ African Union. Protocol to the African Charter establishing the African Court on Human and Peopl's Rights. Archived from the original on 2 July 2019. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  17. ↑ African Union. Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  18. ↑ African Union. African Charter on Values and Principles of Public Service and Administration. Archived from the original on 15 September 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  19. ↑ African Union. African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa. Archived from the original on 24 August 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  20. ↑ African Union. Protocol on the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  21. ↑ African Union. Protocol Relating to the Establishment of the Peace and Security Council of the African Union. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  22. ↑ African Union. African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  23. ↑ African Union. African Youth Charter. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  24. ↑ African Union. OAU/AU declaration on Principles Governing Democratic Elections. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  25. ↑ African Union. African Union Post-Conflict and reconstruction Policy Framework. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  26. ↑ African Union. NEPAD declaration on Democracy, Political, economic and Corporate Governance. Archived from the original on 22 December 2016. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  27. ↑ African Union. Memorandum of Understanding on the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM). Archived from the original on 23 August 2016. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  28. ↑ African Union. Kigali Declaration on Human Rights in Africa. Archived from the original on 30 June 2016. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  29. ↑ African Union. Solemn Declaration on Gender Equality in Africa. Archived from the original on 31 March 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  30. ↑ African Union. Declaration on the Theme of the 2012 Summit "Towards Greater Unity and Integration through Shared Values". Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved on 5 June 2016.
  31. ↑ AGA. African Governance Facility. www.aga-platform.org. Archived from the original on 19 July 2016. Retrieved on 27 May 2016.
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