Alfred Beit
Alfred Beit | |
|---|---|
 Alfred Beit, by Giovanni Boldini | |
| Born |
15 Febụwarị 1853 |
| Died | 16 Julaị 1906 (aged 53) Tewin, Hertfordshire |
| Nationality | British |
[1]Alfred Beit (15 Febrụwarị 1853 - 16 Julaị 1906) bụ ọla edo Anglo-German na diamond na South Africa, yana onye na-enye nri na onye na-erite uru na ngwaahịa na mpaghara Africa. O nnukwu nnukwu ego maka ngalaba mahadum na mba dị iche iche, ma bụrụ “onye mmekọ ozi” nke haziri ụgbọ elu isi obodo site na mgbe agha Boer South Africa gachara Rhodesia . A haziri akụ Beit gburugburu ụlọ ọrụ a na-akpọ Corner House Group, bụ nke sitere na njide ya na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche na-achịkwa 37 nke ọla edo a na-ahụ na-ala edo Witwatersrand na Johannesburg na 1913
Ndụ na ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Amụrụ ma akụkụ na Hamburg, German Confederation, ọ bụ ọkpara na nke abụọ n'ime ụmụ isii nke nwa amaala Juu-German bara isi nke Hamburg. Ụmụnne ya ndị egwu egwu Otto Beit . Alfred Beit bụ akpụ akpụ na- atụ ma bụrụ onye a na-amụ ihe na Jules Porgès & Cie, ụlọ ọrụ diamond Amsterdam ebe o àmà talent maka ihe ncheta. [2]
Beit nwetara akụ mbụ ya na ntule ihe onwunwe na South Africa. N'ịzaghachi n'ọchịchọ a na-achọ ụlọ ahịa, ọ zụtara otu ala ma wuo ụlọ iri na abụọ e ji ígwè rụọ ụlọ ọrụ ma na-agbazite ụlọ iri na otu kwa ọnwa ma debe otu maka onwe ya. Mgbe afọ iri na abụọ gachara, o rere ala ahụ maka uru bara ụba. [2]
Aha Beit na Kimberly, Cape Colony na 1875 site n'aka ụlọ ọrụ ya ola diamond - na-esochi diamond na Kimberley. Ozi enyi nke Cecil Rhodes site na ọrụ ya na Kimberley Central Company. Okwu Rhodes 'nnukwu akwụkwọ' masịrị Beit masịrị ya. [1] Ha abụọ gara n'ihu ụlọ ọrụ igwu ala na ikpo mmegide dị ka Barney Barnato . Ọ dị otu n'ime ndị na-ahụ maka ego ngwa bụ ndị njikwa njikwa nke nkwuputa na-egwupụta diamond na Central, Dutoitspan, na De Beers mines. Rhodes bụ onye nkwado ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Beit nyere nkwado na nkwado ego.
N'afọ 1886, Beit kpara akara ya n'ubi ọla edo a nkwadora ọhụrụ nke Witwatersrand wee nwee nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma. N'ime azụmahịa ya n'ebe ahụ, ọ na-eji ndị ego Hermann Eckstein na Sir Joseph Robinson mee ihe. Ọ ntọala Robertson Syndicate na ụlọ ọrụ nke Wernher, Beit & Co. O si na US bubata ndị injinia na-egwupụta akụ ma so na ndị mbụ nakweere ngwuputa ihe omimi. Ọ bụ Lobengula nyere Rhodes eze, n'ihi nke Beit ntọala ntọala British South Africa Company na 1888
Site n'ike ndo Rhodes 'Imperial Standard, </link>O ngwaọrụ na nhazi na ego nke Jameson Raid na-ejide ihe ịga nke ọma na njedebe 1895 bụ n'obi kpalite ndị agha na-enweta na South African Republic na Transvaal. N'ihi nhụsianya a, Rhodes gbara arụkwaghịm dị ka Prime Minister, ma ya na Beit ka a mara ya ikpe site n'ajụjụ House of Commons. Amalitere Beit ịgba arụkwaghịm dị ka onye isi ụlọ ọrụ British South Africa, [1] mana a ngosi ya ịbụ osote onye isi ala afọ ole na ole ka e ekele. Na ọrịa nke Rhodes na 1902, Beit, dị ka otu n'ime ihe, nyere aka aka nnukwu ala na ụlọ, ugbu a na-enyere aka Oppenheimer nke De Beers na Anglo-American aka.
Beit Trust na onyinye ndị ọzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
N'oge ndụ ya, Beit nyere onyinye mmesapụ aka maka ọrụ ọrụ. Na 1905 ọ ntọala oche nke ihe mere eme colonial na Mahadum Oxford, nke bụ ugbu a Beit Prọfesọ nke History nke British Commonwealth . [1] Na 1906 o nyere onyinye nke nde akara abụọ na isi obodo nke Hamburgische Wissenschaftliche Stiftung, ọrụ ebere raara onwe ya nye iji mefu ngwaọrụ ya maka abamuru nke precursor nke Mahadum Hamburg
[3]N'ime uche ya, o guzobe Beit Trust nke o sitere na ya nyere nnukwu ego (£ 1,200,000) maka ihe butere na Northern na Southern Rhodesia, mechaa isi gaa na mahadum na-aghọ na Zimbabwe, Zambia na Malawi
Ọrụ dị mkpa nke Trust akpọ Birchenough Bridge na mbụ South Rhodesia, aha ya bụ Sir Henry Birchenough, onye isi oche nke Beit Trust site na 1931 ruo 1937 na ntụ ya na-eli n'okpuru nhazi nke akwa mmiri ahụ. [1] Ralph Freeman, onye na-ebe akwa mmiri ahụ, bụkwa onye ikike na Sydney Harbor Bridge na n'ihi ya, àkwà mmiri abụọ ahụ nwere ihe yiri ya, ọ bụ ebe na Birchenough bụ ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ dị ka akwa Australia. Ọ bụ Dorman Long wuru ya ma wuchaa ya na 1935. [1] N'ogologo nke 1,080 ụkwụ (329 m) ọ bụ ihe mmetụta mmetụta nke adọ ogologo n'ụwa n'oge.
N'ịkwado ugboro ya Royal School of Mines, ngalaba nke Imperial College London, wuru nnukwu ihe ngosi na Beit n'ụdị ụlọ ya. Ụlọ ụlọ nke Imperial College dị na Prince Consort Road ka-egosi Beit Hall n'aha ya.
Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Sir Otto Beit, 1st Bt (1865–1930), nwanne ya nwoke
- Sir Alfred Beit, 2nd Bt (1903–1994), nwa nwanne ya.
Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ See chapter 12 in Rönnbäck & Broberg (2019) Capital and Colonialism. The Return on British Investments in Africa 1869-1969 (Palgrave Studies in Economic History)</
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Meredith (2007). Diamonds, Gold, and War: The British, the Boers, and the Making of South Africa. New York: PublicAffairs. ISBN 9781586484736. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "ReferenceA" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ HOME. www.beittrust.org.uk. Retrieved on 19 October 2018.
Ọgụgụ ọzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Albrecht (2012). Alfred Beit: The Hamburg Diamond King. Hamburg: Hamburg University Press. ISBN 978-3-943423-01-3.