Alicia Moreau de Justo
Alicia Moreau de Justo
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| A mụrụ ya | Ọktoba 11, 1885 |
| Nwụrụ | 12 Mee 1986 (afọ 100) |
| Mba | Bekee, Argentina |
| Nwunye | Juan Bautista Justo (site na 1922 ruo 1928) |
| Ụmụaka | Alicia Marta, Juan Roberto na Luis Justo |
Alicia Moreau de Justo (October 11, 1885 - Mee 12, 1986) bu dibia bekee, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, onye udo na onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ. Ọ bụ onye isi n'ihe gbasara feminism na socialism na Argentina.[1] Kemgbe mmalite nke narị afọ nke 20, ọ tinyere aka na nkwupụta ọha na eze maka imeghe ikike maka ụmụ nwanyị. Na 1902, sonyeere ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya, ọ tọrọ ntọala Feminist Socialist Center nke Argentina na Feminine Work Union nke Argentina.. [1]
Akụkọ ndụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A mụrụ Alicia Moreau de Justo na London, United Kingdom, na Ọktoba 11, 1885, dịka ọdụdụ n'ime ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ.[1] Nna ya, Armando Moreau, lụrụ ọgụ maka Paris Commune na 1871.[1] Mgbe e merisịrị ndị Kọmun, ọ kwagara London, bụ́ ebe o zutere nwunye ya, María Denanpont, [2] onye ya na Alicia nwere.[1] Mgbe e mesịrị, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Argentina na Alicia debanyere aha na Escuela Normal 1 na Buenos Aires.[1] Ọ lụrụ Juan B. Justo na 1922. Di ya nwụrụ na January 8, 1928, n'ihi nkụchi obi.[2]
Alicia Moreau de Justo bụ onye na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị nke rụrụ ọrụ dị iche iche dịka onye nkuzi, dọkịta na onye nta akụkọ.[1] Ọ chọrọ ịkwalite ikike mmadụ na ikpe ziri ezi nke ụmụ nwanyị, na-elekwasị anya na ahụike ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na ịtụ vootu.[1] Na mgbakwunye, ọ gbasoro nzere ahụike iji nye ụmụ nwanyị ohere ka ukwuu iji nweta nnwere onwe nke ahụ.[1] Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Buenos Aires nke ọma na 1914.[1] Moreau tinyere nkwenye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya n'ọrụ ahụike ya. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ naanị n'ụlọọgwụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ.[1] Darwinism bụ isi mmetụta maka Moreau na nhọrọ ndị o mere.[2] Echiche a mere ka e kee La Union National Feminista na Kọmitii Suffrage Women's Socialist [3]
Charles Darwin bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ Moreau nwere mmetụta. Ihe odide Darwin kpaliri Moreau ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike.[3] Darwinism, kpaliri nkwenkwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-aga n'ihu nke Moreau. Moreau kwenyere na Progressive Evolution: echiche na ọha mmadụ nwere ike iji nwayọọ nwayọọ gbanwee iji bụrụ ndị ziri ezi.
Ọ haziri nzukọ na Fundación Luz (Light Foundation), ya na nna ya, guzobere Ateneo Popular (People's Athenaeum). Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Humanidad Nueva (New Humanity), [4] na onye nduzi nke mbipụta Nuestra Causa (Our Cause). N'afọ 1914, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum dị ka dọkịta, afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị, ọ sonyeere ndị Socialist Party. N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ lụrụ onye ndú nke Argentine Socialist Party, Juan B. Justo, ha wee nwee ụmụ atọ.
Ka ọ na-erule 1918, o guzobere Unión Feminista Nacional (National Feminist Union). Mgbe di ya nwụsịrị na 1928, [5] ọ gara n'ihu na ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya na-alụ ọgụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị; gụnyere ikike ụmụ nwanyị, ikike ọrụ, ahụike ọha na eze na agụmakwụkwọ ọha. N'afọ 1932, o dere iwu iji guzobe ikike ụmụ nwanyị, nke a na-enyeghị ikike ruo n'afọ 1947 na Argentina.[6] Ọ kwadoro Republic nke Abụọ nke Spain n'oge Agha Obodo nke Spain ma bụrụ onye na-akatọ Peronism mgbe niile, nke ọ lere anya dị ka ihe na-emegide ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya.[1] N'afọ 1958, o sonyere na ntọala nke Argentine Socialist Party, na-anabata ọkwa onye nduzi nke akwụkwọ akụkọ La Vanguardia ruo n'afọ 1960. [7] Ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ ruo n'afọ ndị ikpeazụ ya, ma nyere aka guzobe Nzukọ Na-adịgide Adịgide Maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ na 1975.[8]
Alicia Moreau de Justo's Political Life
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ihe kpatara omume Alicia Moreau de Justo na nhazi nke Argentine Socialist Party na gọọmentị Argentina na ọrụ ya kwekọrọ. Ọdịdị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Argentina sitere na echiche nke Peronism na Marxism, na-egosipụta ụkpụrụ ọdịnala na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya nke Argentina.[9] Òtù Socialist nke Argentina pụtara na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-enwe olileanya ibelata ịkpa ókè na mmeso ọjọọ ụmụ nwanyị na ọha mmadụ na-achịkwa.[9] Peronism baara ndị Argentine Socialist Party uru site n'inyere aka hazie atụmatụ ndị ọzọ na-aga n'ihu ma kwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị na ọtụtụ.[9]
Ọrụ Justo na pati ahụ jikọtara ya na alụmdi na nwunye ya na onye ndú nke Argentine Socialist Party.[10] Moreau bụ onye ndú nke òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Argentina. O sonyere na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Socialist Party nke Argentina, ma kwado ihe dị iche iche, dị ka ikike ọmụmụ, nha nhata n'ebe ọrụ, na agụmakwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị.
Ihe Moreau lekwasịrị anya na nchegbu ya na-elekwasị anya na agụmakwụkwọ na ịgụ na ide.[11] Ọtụtụ ihe mgbochi sitere n'aka gọọmentị gbochiri ụmụ nwanyị na Argentina, dị ka Civil Code, nke gbochiri ụmụnwaanyị na ikike ha ma n'ebe ọha na eze ma n'onwe ha.[11] N'ihi itinye aka Moreau na pati ahụ, o lekwasịrị anya n'ịkwụsị mgbochi nke Civil Code iji nyere ụmụ nwanyị aka inweta ikike na ikike n'ime ọha na eze.[11]
Ọnọdụ Ndị Na-emegide Peronist
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Moreau megidere onye isi ala Argentina Juan Perón. Peron, onye na-akwado ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, bụ onye ndị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Argentina lere anya dị ka onye na-emegide ọchịchị onye kwuo ike.[11] Dị ka onye na-akwado ndị mmadụ, ụfọdụ n'ime echiche Peron jikọtara ya na ihe Moreau na-akwado ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya. Mgbasa a bụ ihe iyi egwu nye òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Peronism yiri egwu ịkewa nkwado site n'aka ndị na-eme ntụli aka bụ ndị nwere ọmịiko na Argentinian Socialist Party.
Moreau weere nguzo esemokwu megide Peron banyere ikike ụmụ nwanyị. Peron kwadoro ime ka iwu ụmụ nwanyị nwee ikike ịtụ vootu. Moreau kwadoro ikike ụmụ nwanyị, Otú ọ dị, ndị Socialist Party nke Argentina achọghị ka gọọmentị Peron nweta otuto maka ịgafe ikike ụmụ nwanyị. Peron sonyere n'ọchịchị nke afọ 1943; Moreau na-echegbu onwe ya na ịnyefe ikike ụmụ nwanyị ga-enye gọọmentị Peron ikike na-erughị eru.[11]
Nwunye Juan Perón, Eva Duarte ("Evita"), keere òkè dị mkpa na mbọ onye isi ala na-agba inweta nkwado n'aka ụmụ nwanyị. N'afọ 1951, Evita guzobere Peronist Women's Party (PPF). [11] Dị ka Moreau, PPF kwadoro ikike ụmụ nwanyị. Otú ọ dị, Moreau megidere PPF. Moreau megidere mgbalị ọ bụla gọọmentị Peron mere iji mee ka ikike ya sie ike site n'inweta ndị na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị. Ọzọkwa, Moreau jụrụ echiche ahụ na nsogbu ọ bụla na-emetụta naanị ụmụ nwanyị. Moreau kwuru na a ghaghị ile ọgụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị anya n'ihe gbasara ọgụ maka ịha nhata na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya.[11]
N'ikpeazụ, mmegide Moreau megide PPF enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma. Na ntuli aka onye isi ala nke afọ 1951, Peron meriri ntuli aka ọzọ, na-emetụta 63% nke ụmụ nwanyị na-atụ vootu.[11] Peron nwetara nkwado karịa ụmụ nwanyị karịa ụmụ nwoke.
Òtù Ụmụ nwanyị nke Argentina
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]O mebere otu National Feminist Union na Argentina, nke bu n'obi ime ka otu di iche iche nke nwanyi di na Argentina n'oge ahu.[1] Ụfọdụ n'ime ndị a bụ: Feminist Socialist Center, Feminine Socialist Gathering na National Council of Women. Omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị NFU nyere nkwado bara uru maka ịkwado ọtụtụ iwu na-amata ikike ụmụ nwanyị na nchebe nke ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị. NFU nyekwara aka chebe ndị nne nanị ha na-azụ ụmụ. Òtù a na-ebipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ Nuestra Causa kwa ọnwa, iji kwalite echiche ha na ịhazi ndị inyom na-eme ihe n'oge ntuli aka ntuli aka, yana nnukwu arịrịọ na-arịọ ndị omebe iwu ike. [12]
Ihe odide
[dezie | dezie ebe o si](es) Akụkọ a sitere n'akụkụ ma ọ bụ kpamkpam na Spanish, French na German Wikipedia isiokwu akpọrọ "Alicia Moreau de Justo".
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Muñoz Pace (2010). Triunfo radical y conflictos de la democracia. Argentina: Artes Gráficas Rioplatense S.A., 54–55. ISBN 978-987-07-0871-1.
- ↑ Juan B Justo. archive.wikiwix.com. Retrieved on 2023-12-04.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Moreau de Justo, Alicia (1885–1986) | Encyclopedia.com. www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved on 2023-11-28.
- ↑ Corbiére. "Alicia Moreau de Justo". Retrieved on 30 January 2011.
- ↑ "Alicia Moreau de Justo", 10 May 2001. Retrieved on 3 December 2010.
- ↑ "El voto femenino en Argentina cumplió 60 años", Infobae, 24 September 2007. Retrieved on 30 January 2011.
- ↑ Guerstein. "Historias que hacen historia: Alicia Moreau". Revista de Psicogerontología. Retrieved on 12 February 2011.
- ↑ Sitio web de la Asamblea Permanente por los Derechos Humanos. Archived from the original on 22 April 2006. Retrieved on 3 December 2010.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 DeLaney (2020). Identity and Nationalism in Modern Argentina: Defending the True Nation. University of Notre Dame Press, 212–241. DOI:10.2307/j.ctv19m64mc.15. ISBN 978-0-268-10792-5.
- ↑ Alicia Moreau de Justo Dies; Leading Argentine Socialist. The New York Times (14 May 1986). Archived from the original on 14 July 2023. Retrieved on 26 November 2023.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 Hammond (17 July 2020). "Alicia Moreau de Justo: Transcending Generations", Global Perspectives on Women's Leadership and Gender (In)Equality. Palgrave Macmillan, 19–45. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-41822-9_2. ISBN 978-3-030-41822-9.
- ↑ Biografia de Alicia Moreau de Justo Una Mujer Incansable Voto Femenino. www.portalplanetasedna.com.ar. Archived from the original on 2015-04-06. Retrieved on 2016-11-28.