André Bloc
André Bloc ( Algiers, Mee 23, 1896 – New Delhi, Nọvemba 8, 1966) bụ onye ọkpụ akpụ French, onye nchịkọta nchịkọta, na onye na-ebi akwụkwọ akụkọ. Ọ ntọala ntọala "Group Espace" na 1949.
Ọrụ ya bụ nke ndị na-ese ụlọ ụlọ Auguste Perret, Henri Sauvage, na Jourdain. [ <span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2014)">mkpa nkọwa</span> ]
Akụkọ ndụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Amụrụ na Algeria, ọ kwagara France na 1898. Ọ ọkọ injinia ruo 1920, wee ghara ọrụ n'ọrụ moto na turbine.
Na 1921 ọ zutere Le Corbusier bụ onye ikpe onye a ma na ọrụ ya. Mgbe nzụkọ a gachara, Bloc kwagara n'ihe owuwu ụlọ.
Na 1922 ọ ghọrọ odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Science et Industrie . Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, na 1923 ọ ghọrọ odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke akwụkwọ akụkọ "Revue de l'ingénieur".
Na 1924 ọ ntọala ntọala akwụkwọ "Revue général du Caoutchouc". Na 1930 o hiwere akwụkwọ a ma ama L'Architecture d'Aujourd'hui . [1] Bloc gbara akwụkwọ ahụ ruo 1966. Ọ chọpụtara Pierre Vago ka ọ bụrụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ na 1932.
Malite na 1940, Bloc tụgharịrị gaa n'ọkpụkpụ. Ọ mepụtara nnukwu ihe ọkpụkpụ mbụ ya na Paris n'etiti 1949 na 1956. Site na 1949 gaa n'ihu, o hiwere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ, dịka "Art d'Aujourd'hui." Ọrụ ndị a bụ akụkụ nke mmasị ọ na-enwe kemgbe afọ na synthèse des arts, ma ọ bụ njikọ nka . [1] [2]
Na 1951, na ụlọ ọrụ ya na ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe, Bloc hiwere otu Espace . Ebumnobi ya bụ iweta echiche nke constructivism na neo-plasticism na obodo obodo na ebe mmadụ mmadụ. Ndị na-ese ihe na ndị na-eme obodo dịka Jean Dewasne, Etienne Bóthy, Jean Gorin, Félix Del Marle, Edgard Pillet, Victor Vasarely, Sonia Delaunay, Nicolaas Warb (née Sophie Warburg), Simone Servanes na Nicolas Schöffer bụ ndị òtù. otu ahụ, bụ ndị weere ụlọ ụlọ. nsogbu, ọkpụkpụ na nka n'ozuzu dị ka ihe na-elekọta mmadụ.
N'afọ 1952, a rụchara ọrụ na ụlọ ụlọ Bellevue na Meudon . Site na mgbe ahụ ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1966, Bloc Manuel ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe na onye na-achọ mma. Na 1959 ọ dị na II. akwụkwọ na Kassel . Bloc dechara ọtụtụ ihe ọkpụkpụ, ngosi na Tehran, Nice, Jacksonville na Dakar . Ihe ọkpụkpụ ya na- ụdị ọkpụkpụ anụ ahụ dị n'etiti ime ụlọ na ihe ọkpụkpụ
Ọrụ edemede[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- L'Architecture d'aujourd'hui, 1930
- Aujourd'hui, 1955.
Ihe ọkpụkpụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Carlson/Bloc Tower[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
André Bloc chọsiri ike ijikọta ọzụzụ nke ihe ọkpụkpụ na ụkpụrụ ụlọ. Njikọ ọnụ nka nka na ụlọ ọrụ 1965 California International Sculpture Symposium kwadoro echiche ya. Ọrụ siri ike nke Bloc kpaliri usoro ihe omume, mmekọrịta ọha na eze, na teknụzụ nke imewe na ọrụ, na-egosipụta ọchịchọ nke onye na-ahazi mgbakọ ahụ Kenn Glenn nke "ịma ndị na-akpụ akpụ aka ịgbasa oke okike ha." [3] Bloc, onye injinia ama ama, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ, mere ọrụ ahụ wee nọrọ izu asatọ n'oge ọkọchị nke 1965 ya na ndị injinia, ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ, na ndị na-ewu ụlọ na-arụkọ ọrụ iji kwadebe eserese, ihe osise na obere maquette nke nnukwu ụlọ elu a. . Ọ bụ ezie na okwu gbasara ego na-egbu oge n'iwu nke Bloc imewe ruo afọ asaa, Carlson/Bloc Tower mechara rịgoro 65 ụkwụ n'elu ụlọ akwụkwọ CSULB, na-eguzobe akara ngosi nke ụmụ akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ 30,000 ma na-egosipụtakwa oeuvre ọhụrụ nke Bloc. Bloc kwuru n'otu oge na echiche ya maka imewe ụlọ elu sitere na ọmụmụ ihe ya ebe ọ bụ na a na-eji ihe ncheta mara mma mara mma mara obodo dị iche iche. O jikọtara ọrụ ya na ogologo ihe owuwu nke akụkọ ihe mere eme gara aga, dị ka minaret nke Islam, nke ime ya nwere ike ịkpalite mmadụ njem ime mmụọ iji nweta nghọta, site n'iwepụta usoro agbakọtara.
Kọleji steeti California dị na Long Beach wepụtara ọkwa mgbasa ozi na Disemba 2, 1971, afọ isii ka nzukọ ahụ gachara, na-ekwupụta ụlọ a na-atụ anya ya nke Carlson/Bloc Tower. E yigharịrị ihe owuwu ụlọ elu ahụ kemgbe mkparịta ụka 1965, yana ọnụ ahịa ya ruru $44,900. N'ikpeazụ, ịrụ ọrụ n'elu ụlọ elu ahụ nwere ike ịmalite site n'ikike nke Louise Carlson nyere onyinye mmesapụ aka na ntinye ego sitere na LBCSC Foundation.
Mgbara Bloc n'ịkpụ pụta dị n'etiti ma mmadụ na ụdị organic na-aga n'ihu na-enwu enwu na akwụkwọ CSULB maka ụgbọ ebube dị ebube nke Carlson/Bloc Tower. "Site n'akwa m, m na-achọ ime ka mmadụ na gburugburu ya n'otu na-egosi na nke onwe," ka o kwuru n'otu oge. Ụmụ akwụkwọ elu Bloc ga-aga n'ihu na-akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ CSULB ruo ọtụtụ afọ na-esochi.
Mgbara Bloc n'ịkpụ pụta dị n'etiti ma mmadụ na ụdị organic na-aga n'ihu na-enwu enwu na akwụkwọ CSULB maka ụgbọ ebube dị ebube nke Carlson/Bloc Tower. "Site n'akwa m, m na-achọ ime ka mmadụ na gburugburu ya n'otu na-egosi na nke onwe," ka o kwuru n'otu oge. Ụmụ akwụkwọ elu Bloc ga-aga n'ihu na-akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ CSULB ruo ọtụtụ afọ na-esochi. mmụọ elu Carlson/Bloc (1965-1972) bụ ihe ndị ọrụ ọhaneze dị na campus CSULB nke onye France na-ese ihe bụ André Bloc kere. Ewubere n'etiti ụlọ Sayensị Molecular na Mahadum Ndị mụrụ Mahadum, Carlson/Bloc Tower guzoro dị ka akara ngosi ihe mere eme yana ihe osise njikọ na 1965 California International Sculpture Symposium (CISS). André Bloc chepụtara, ụlọ elu kọmpụta dị 157-ton, nke na-acha ọcha bịara mpụta na 1965, mgbe afọ asaa gachara igbu oge ego maka ihe ọkpụkpụ. N'ime oge a, Bloc nwa aka na ọtụtụ ndị ፊልም, ndị injinia nhazi, ndị na-ese ụlọ ụlọ, na ndị ọrụ ngo iji ụgwọ na maquette maka ihe ọkpụkpụ. N'ihi ọnụ ọgụgụ buru nke ibu ihe dị mkpa iji mee ihe ọkpụkpụ ahụ, na n'ejighị ego na-ejighị n'aka, iwu ụlọ elu Bloc , ọ bụkwa nanị ihe ọkpụkpụ, n'ime ndụ e kere maka 1965 ọkpụkpụ. symposium, nke ike ezu. [1] Afọ isii ka e hụ na Disemba 1971, na mgbe nri mmesapụ aka sitere na Louise Carlson Fund na ntọala LBCSC, California State College na Long Beach (aha CSULB n'oge ahụ) ray na a ga-ewu Carlson/Bloc Tower . N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1972, mmecha nke Carlson/Bloc Tower mechara wepụrụ ọnụ nke $44,900. N'ịbụ onye na-eso na 65 ụkwụ, ihe ọkpụkpụ ihe owuwu ahụ na-adaba na mbara igwe, na, n'oge ahụ na 1972, na-enwe ike ịhụ ya site n'ebe dị anya nke ihe àmà kilomita iri na ise.
Tupu Carlson / Bloc Tower, André Bloc nọ na-emecha usoro ihe owuwu osisi a maara dị ka "ebe obibi ihe ọkpụkpụ," nke ịbụ "ebe obibi" na Bekee. Dị ka onye na-ese ihe nke mgbaka ma ọkpụkpụ na ihe owuwu, Bloc pụtara ihe ebe obibi ya n'iche ya na Meudon, France. [1] Mgbe o mechara Habitcle 1 na 1962, ọ gụchara abụọ ọzọ na ala ụlọ ya. Ebe obibi ikpeazụ ọ ga-enweta bụ Carlson/Bloc Tower ya.
Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ Nicola (2018). Reconstruction and the synthesis of the arts in France, 1944-1962. ISBN 9781138686878. OCLC 985447466.
- ↑ Larry. (2007). Topologies : the urban utopia in France, 1960-1970. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. ISBN 978-1282098725. OCLC 614557251.
- ↑ Williams (January 1965). "Dedication". Symposium (International) on Combustion 10 (1): iv–v. DOI:10.1016/s0082-0784(65)80140-0. ISSN 0082-0784.