Anonymous (ìgwè ndị omempụ)
| Oge/afọ mmalite | 2003  |
|---|---|
| onye hiwere | Aubrey Cottle |
| hashtag | Anonymous |
Anonymous bụ onye aghandọrọ mba ụwa na mkpokọta hacktivist na-ama nke ama maka ama maka cyber dị iche iche ọtụtụ, ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ, ụlọ ọrụ na ọrịka nke Scientology
Amaghị aha aha na 2003 na imageboard 4chan na- anya anya echiche nke ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ na ndị na-eje ozi n' ịntanetị na-adị n'otu oge dị ka "azụ zuru ụwa ọnụ " nke digitized ma ọ bụ " hivemind ". [1] [2] [3] Enwere ike ike ndị otu na- map aha (nke a maara ka anons ) ụfọdụ n'ihu ọha site na iyi ihe mgbanwe Guy Fawkes n'ụdị e na akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ ọkụ na ihe nkiri V maka Vendetta . [4] ụfọdụ anons na- kpuchie ikpuchi olu ha site na ndị na-agbanwe olu ma ọ bụ mmemme ederede gaa na-okwu
[1]Anwụdela ọtụtụ maka ịdọ aka na cyber Anonymous na mba ndị egwu United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Netherlands, South Africa, [1] Spain, India, na Turkey . Ntụle omume na irẹ otu a dị iche iche. Ndị na-akwado ya akpọọla otu ahụ "ndị agha agha onwe" [2] na iwu Robin Hoods, [3] ebe ndị nkatọ ndị ha dị ka "ndị na-eyi ọha egwu cyber lynch-mob" [4] ma ọ bụ "ndị na-eyi ọha egwu cyber". [5] N'afọ 2012, Time hụrụ Anonymous otu n'ime " 100 ndị kasị nwee ike ike "n'ụwa. [6] Profaịlụ mgbasa ozi Anonymous betara n'afọ 2018, [7] [8] mana ndị otu ahụ bilitere na 2020 iji kwado nkwado iwe George Floyd na ihe ndị ọzọ
Nkà ihe ọmụma[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Esemokwu nke ime bụ ihe na-emekarị n'otu. [17] Weebụsaịtị jikọtara ya na otu ahụ na-akọwa ya dị ka "mgbakọ ịntanetị" nwere "usoro iwu rụrụ arụ na enweghị isi nke na-arụ ọrụ na echiche kama ịbụ ntuziaka". [17] Gabriella Coleman na-ede banyere otu ahụ, sị: "N'ụzọ ụfọdụ, ọ nwere ike ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịlele ebumnobi na ebumnobi nke ọtụtụ puku ndị sonyere, ọtụtụ n'ime ha adịghịdị enye nsogbu ịhapụ echiche, mkpali, na mmeghachi omume ha. . N'ime ndị na-eme ya, echiche dịgasị iche iche." [2]
N'ikwu okwu n'ụzọ sara mbara, Anons na-emegide nyocha na njikwa ịntanetị yana ọtụtụ n'ime omume ha na-elekwasị anya na gọọmentị, otu, na ụlọ ọrụ ha na-ebo ebubo nyocha. Anons bụ ndị nkwado mbụ nke òtù Occupy zuru ụwa ọnụ na Arab Spring . [19] Ebe ọ bụ na 2008, isiokwu na-enwekarị esemokwu n'ime Anonymous bụ ma ndị otu kwesịrị ilekwasị anya na ịme egwuregwu na ntụrụndụ ma ọ bụ nke ka njọ (na, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị). [3] [21]
[4]N'ihi na Anonymous onye ndu, ọ bụ omume ike ike ịsị na ndị otu n'ozuzu ya. Parmy Olson na ndị ọzọ akatọọla mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi na-egosi otu a haziri nke ọma ma ọ bụ otu; Olson na-ede, sị, "Ọnaghị otu onye ndú na- aro levers, ma ole na ole nhazi uche na mgbe ụfọdụ ọnụ na-amalite na-eme nri a stunt." [23] Ụfọdụ ndị otu na-eme Lincoln site n'iji ụzọ iwu akwụkwọ, ebe ndị ọzọ na-eji usoro iwu akwadoghị dịka DDoS na mbanye anataghị ikike. [24] Ndị otu bụ ghere oghe nye onye ọ mgbasa ozi ikwu na ha bụ onye otu; [25] Onye nta ndị Britain bụ Carole Cadwalladr nke The Observer nhazi nhazi nke otu ahụ na nke al-Qaeda : "Ọ bụrụ na ị na-akpa na Anonymous, wee jụrụ onwe gị Anonymous, ị bụ Anonymous." [1] Olson, onye na-arịbu Anonymous dị ka "akara", kwuru na 2012 na ọ na-mịgharị ya ugbu a dị ka "mmegharị" kama ịbụ otu: "onye ọ mkpuchi nwere ike ịbụ ya. Ọ bụ m Man. , ndị mmadụ na-emekọ ihe ọnụ, na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ ma na-emekọ ihe ọnụ maka nzube dị iche iche.
Iwu ole na ole nke otu ahụ gụnyere ịghara igosipụta onye ọ bụ, ịghara ikwu maka otu ahụ, na ịghara ịwakpo mgbasa ozi. [28] Ndị otu na-ejikarị akara mkpado "Anyị amaghị aha. Anyị bụ Legion. Anyị anaghị agbaghara. Anyị anaghị echefu. Na-atụ anya anyị." [5] Brian Kelly na-ede na atọ n'ime njirimara ndị bụ isi nke otu ahụ bụ "(1) ụkpụrụ omume na-adịghị agwụ agwụ na okwu na ikike, n'agbanyeghị mkpasu iwe; (2) ọnụnọ anụ ahụ na-esonyere ọrụ hacking online; na (3) akara pụrụ iche." [30]
Aha Anonymous n'onwe ya sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke achọpụtara na amaghị aha nke ndị ọrụ biputere onyonyo na nkọwa na ịntanetị. Ojiji nke okwu Anonymous n'echiche nke njirimara nkekọrịta malitere na bọọdụ onyonyo, ọkachasị /b/ bọọdụ 4chan, raara onwe ya nye ọdịnaya enweghị usoro yana ịwakpo webụsaịtị ndị ọzọ. [6] A na-ekenye mkpado Anonymous nye ndị ọbịa na-ahapụ nkọwa na-akọwapụtaghị onye malitere ọdịnaya ebisara. Ndị na-eji bọọdụ onyonyo na-akpa ọchị mgbe ụfọdụ ka a ga-asị na Anonymous bụ otu onye. Echiche nke ụlọ ọrụ Anonymous gara n'ihu na 2004 mgbe onye nchịkwa na bọọdụ onyonyo 4chan rụnyere ụkpụrụ "Forced_Anon" nke bịanyere aka na posts niile dị ka Anonymous. [35] Ka ewu ewu nke bọọdụ onyonyo na-abawanye, echiche nke Anonymous dị ka mkpokọta ndị a na-akpọghị aha ghọrọ meme ịntanetị . [7]
- ↑ Molloy (June 1, 2020). The return of the Anonymous hacker collective. BBC. Archived from the original on June 1, 2020. Retrieved on June 6, 2020.
- ↑ Coleman, Gabriella (December 10, 2010). What It's Like to Participate in Anonymous' Actions. The Atlantic. Archived from the original on April 4, 2013. Retrieved on May 2, 2013.
- ↑ Anonymous: what is the hacker collective? (en). IONOS Digitalguide. Archived from the original on July 24, 2022. Retrieved on 2022-04-13.
- ↑ Allnut, Luke (June 8, 2012). Parmy Olson On Anonymous: 'A Growing Phenomenon That We Don't Yet Understand'. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Archived from the original on February 24, 2013. Retrieved on May 2, 2013.
- ↑ Morris, Adam (April 30, 2013). Julian Assange: The Internet threatens civilization. Salon. Archived from the original on May 4, 2013. Retrieved on May 2, 2013.
- ↑ Beran. "The Return of Anonymous", The Atlantic, August 11, 2020. Retrieved on August 25, 2020.
- ↑ Whipple. "Scientology: the Anonymous protesters.", The Times, June 20, 2008.