Arbore language
Arbore bụ asụsụ Afro-Asiatic nke ndị Arbore na-asụ na ndịda Etiopia n'ebe obibi ole na ole nke Hamer woreda dị nso na Lake Chew Bahir.[1]
Sasse (1974) bu ụzọ mata na asụsụ Arbore bụ nke "Macro-Somali" (nke a na-akpọ Omo-Tana ugbu a). Ndị ọzọ so n'òtù a bụ Daasanach, Bayso, Rendille, Boni na asụsụ dị iche iche nke Somalia. Omo-Tana n'onwe ya bụ nnukwu nkewa nke Lowland East Cushitic. Ndị ikwu kacha nso nke Arbore (nke a na-akpọ Western Omo-Tana) bụ Daasanach na ọkachasị asụsụ Kenya nke ndị ọkụ azụ Elmolo nke Ọdọ Mmiri Turkana. A na-akwado sub-grouping n'ihe gbasara okwu ndị a na-ekerịta pụrụ iche na ụfọdụ ihe ọhụrụ na-ahụkarị, n'etiti nke nchịkọta nke ụdị zuru oke nke onye nke mbụ na onye nke abụọ na-anọchite anya onwe onye na ọrụ isiokwu, si otú a dochie ụdị Proto-Lowland East Cushitic mbụ, dịka, onye nke abụọ, dịka, mmadụ nke abụọ na tai/u 'gị': ki/u 'onye', mana Arbore ke 'gị' na 'onye'.[2]
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Hayward (1984)onye nke gumili akwụkwọ na Mba Ethiopia kọwakwara ụdaolu nke Arbore. O depụtara ụdaume ndị a dịgasị iche iche:[3]
| Ọnụ | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Ọkụ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ụgbọ imi | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Plosive | Enweghị olu | p[lower-alpha 1] | t | c | k | ʔ |
| Nkwupụta | b | d | ɟ | g | ||
| Ihe E Mere Eme | tʼ[lower-alpha 1] | cʼ | kʼ | |||
| Implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ||||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | f | s | ʃ[lower-alpha 2] | h | ||
| Mmiri | Akụkụ | l | ||||
| Ihe na-atọ ụtọ | r | |||||
| Glide | w | j | ||||
Templeeti:NotelistA pụrụ ijikọta ụdaume niile ma e wezụga /h, ʃ, ŋ, p, ʔ/.[4]
| N'ihu | Nlaghachi | |
|---|---|---|
| N'akụkụ | i | u |
| N'etiti etiti | e | o |
| Emeghe | a | |
Asusu Arbore nakwa egosipụta ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị na Lowland East Cushitic dị ka: usoro ọnụọgụ atọ (otu: otu: ọtụtụ) na aha, n'ime nke "polarity" ọnụ ọgụgụ, ya bụ, mgbanwe okike gafee ụdị ọnụọgụ dị iche iche nke lexeme; morphosyntax nke a na-etinye n'ụzọ zuru ezu n'ịkewa isiokwu na ihe dị iche; nnukwu mgbagwoju anya morphophonological na ntụgharị okwu ya na ntụgharị. Ihe na-adọrọ mmasị n'akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ nchekwa asụsụ nke ọ dịkarịa ala ngwaa iri na abụọ nke "Prefix Conjugation" ochie, nke a na-ekwukarị na ọ bụ Proto-Afroasiatic n'onwe ya.
- ↑ Klaus Wedekind, "Sociolinguistic Survey Report of the Languages of the Gawwada, Tsamay and Diraasha Areas with Excursions to Birayle (Ongota) and Arbore (Irbore) Part II" SIL Electronic Survey Reports SILESR 2002-066.
- ↑ Hayward (1984). The Arbore Language: a First Investigation. Including a Vocabulary. Hamburg: Kuschitische Sprachstudien 2.
- ↑ Hayward 1984, p. 51, the phoneme characters are altered to reflect the sound values according to the IPA
- ↑ Hayward 1984, p. 54