Asụsụ Bandial

asụsụ, modern language
obere ụdị nke	Bak
mba/obodo	Senegal
ụmụ amaala ka	Ziguinchor
ụdị asụsụ	subject–verb–object
Ọkwa asụsụ UNESCO	2 vulnerable
Ọkwa asụsụ Ethnologue	5 Na-etolite

Bandial (Banjaal), ma ọ bụ EEgima (Eegimaa), bụ Asụsụ Jola nke mpaghara Casamance nke Senegal. Asụsụ atọ ahụ, Affiniam, Bandial n'onwe ya, na Elun (Hulon, kwa Kuluunaay, Kujireray) dị iche iche, n'ókè dị n'etiti asụsụ na asụsụ dị iche iche.

Nchịkọta

Bandial nwere pasent kachasị elu nke yiri Fulup na 87% ma kewaa ya dị ka otu n'ime olumba Jóola na Sapir's ^[1] West Atlantic inventory. ^[2] na-ekewa Bandial n'etiti asụsụ Central Jóola dị ka onye otu asụsụ Endungo. [1] Ụdị Jóola na-aghọta ibe ha. bụ ezie na ụfọdụ ndị na-adịghị asụ ụfọdụ ụdị Jóola abụghị akụkụ nke alaeze mbụ nke Mof-Ávvi ebe a na-asụ Bandial, a na-ewere ha dị ka ndị nwere njikọ akụkọ ihe mere eme kpọmkwem na Mof- Ávvi ọ bụ ezie na ha anaghị esụ ndị ọzọ Jóola n'ihi ọdịnala a na-ekwu okwu.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

Akụkọ ọdịnala na-ekwu na ndị nna nna nke Mof-Ávvi si Guinea-Bissau kwaga na-achọ ala a na-akọ ugbo. wezụga mkparịta ụka na ndị Jóola ndị ọzọ na ndị Bainounk si n'obodo Jibonker, ndị bi na Mof-Ávvi kewapụrụ onwe ha na ụwa ndị ọzọ ruo mgbe ndị France na-achị alaeze ukwu.

Ebe a na-ekesa ya

Ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ Bandial bi n'otu obere alaeze nke obodo iri a maara dị ka Mof-Ávvi 'ala eze', nke dị kilomita iri na asatọ na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke obodo Ziguinchor. Mof-Ávvi bụ ala dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke nwere obodo iri ndị a: Bajjat, Essil, Bátiŋer-yal-Essil, Gáabal, Enappor, Sállagi, Bátiñer-Bulan, Elubalir, Ettama na Banjal. Ndị bi na Mof-Ávvi na-ekewa obodo ndị a n'etiti Fásuga nke gụnyere obodo ndị dị na isi ala (Bajjat, Essil, Gáabal, Enappor) na Gállux 'mud' nke nwere agwaetiti (Bátiŋer-yal-Essil, Sállagi, Bátiŋer -Bulan, Elur, Ettama, Banjal.) Ndị na-asụ Bandial, ọtụtụ ndị na-asụrụ Bandial, ruo 2/5 nke ndị bi na Moff-Ávvvi bi na mpụ nke ebe ahụ Dakar ọmụmaatụ na Zakaror, ^[3] .

Ndị ọkà okwu

Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-asụ ya na-asụsụ dị iche iche, asụsụ na-adabere na akụkọ ndụ ha. Asụsụ ndị ọzọ a na-ahụkarị na repertoires nke ndị na-ekwu okwu bụ French, Wolof na asụsụ ndị ọzọ nke Joola. ^[4] French bụ asụsụ gọọmentị nke Senegal, nke e debere mgbe nnwere onwe site na France ma bụrụkwa asụsụ gọọmentụ nke nkuzi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. Wolof bụ asụsụ a na-asụkarị na Senegal. Bandial bụ asụsụ a na-asụkarị na Mof-Ávvi ma ụmụaka ka na-amụta ya.

Njikọ nke mkpụrụedemede Bandial

		Akara nke Abụọ	Akara nke Abụọ	Akara nke Abụọ	Akara nke Abụọ
		CVC	VC	CV	V
Akara nke Mbụ	CVC	-	-	-	-
Akara nke Mbụ	VC	-	-	-	-
Akara nke Mbụ	CV	+	+	+	+
Akara nke Mbụ	V	+	+	+	+

Asụsụ

A na-ahazi Bandial dị ka Asụsụ aglutinative.Ụdị dị iche iche na-ejikọta iji mepụta okwu.

Ọdịdị okwu Bandial na morphemes

Okwu ikpe Bandial	Nkọwa	Nsụgharị Bekee
Ohụ	CM-ebu	iburu
__ibo____ibo__ N'ihi na ọ bụ n'ihi na	CM-run-CAUS-AGENT	ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala
__ibo__ A-h'h'h-h'a-ɪl	CM-ebu-CAUS-PAST-AGENT-POSS	onye bụbu onye na-akwado ha

Bandial bụ asụsụ na-akwado ọdịda. A na-ewepụ nnọchiaha isiokwu ebe ọ bụ na enwere ike itinye adịrị na ngwaa iji gosipụta nnọchiaha onye. A na-etinye nnọchiaha naanị na ahịrịokwu maka imesi ya ike. Ọzọkwa isiokwu na ndị ọzọ na-agbanwe aha na-esote aha, nke a na-ahụkarị n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ nke Senegal.

Usoro Nọmba Bandial

Ndị kadinal	Bekee	Ihe ndị nkịtị	Bekee
-anʊr	'otu'	-tinar	'nke mbụ'
-uβa	'abụọ'	-utten	'nke abụọ'
-Fụtụrụ	'atọ'	-ffɐtten	'nke atọ'
-b56	'anọ'	-barɪɣɛn	'nke anọ'
fʊ-nke	'isi ise'	-tɔɣɛn	'nke ise'
ɡu-parko	'iri'
Akụkọ a na-akpọ	'iri na ise'
ɐ-vvi	' Iri abụọ'
__ibo____ibo____ibo__ Ọdịdị	'otu narị'
e-uli	'otu puku'
Queenɪlɪɔŋ	'otu nde'

Usoro ide ihe

A na-edekarị Bandial na mkpụrụedemede Latin ka ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na-anwa ịmepụta mkpụrụedemede kwesịrị ekwesị iji weghara usoro ụdaume nke asụsụ ahụ. ^[5] mgbe, nke a bụ ngwakọta nke mkpụrụ akwụkwọ nke asụsụ ndị na-edekọ asụsụ ala na IPA. Romanizations a na-ahụkarị nke Bandial dabeere na orthography French ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụ asụsụ bụ isi nke Senegal.

[10] akwụkwọ Bandial [1]
a	á	b	bb	N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ ĉ	c	d	na	bụ	f	g	h	i	ya	j	k	l	m	mb
n	ñ	ŋ	nd	nj	ng	o	ó	Ọdịdị	p	r	s	t	u	U	v	w	na

Ihe Nlereanya

Ihe ndị na-esonụ bụ ihe ndị sitere na ajụjụ ọnụ Sagna na Abass Sory Bassène banyere okpukpe ọdịnala nke ndị Gújjolaay Eegimaa:

Bandial	Nkọwa	Nsụgharị Bekee
ter a-vvasen-a, ter aw n-ú-ttubi-ttubi, ter aw a-jangara	ma NC1-libation-AGT ma 2SG LOC-2SG-gbanwere Islam-DUP ma 2SSG NC1-Christian.	'Ma ị bụ onye mmụọ, ma ọ bụ ị ghọrọ onye Alakụba, ma ọbụ ị bụ Onye Kraịst. '
pan a-ag-i aw an bu?	FUT CD1.3SG-say-2SG.DO 2SG onye otu esi	'Ha ga-agwa gị, ụdị onye ị bụ? '
pan a-ag-i ñer aw bu-lago-i b-ay n-i-roren-e maa.	FUT CD1.3SG-say-2SG.DO ya mere 2SG NC5a-pathway-2SG.POSS CD5-INT LOC-1SG-ask-PFV dị ka nke a	'Ọ ga-agwa gị, yabụ ihe m na-ajụ ugbu a bụ ihe okpukpe gị bụ'
w-o mati ú-ju u-jux. bare waf w-a-bab-baj.	CD6-PRO NEG.FUT 2SG-can 2SG - lee ma NC6.thing CD6-REL-nwere-DUP	'Ma n'okwukwe anyị, a na-ekwu na e nwere ọtụtụ ihe ị na-apụghị ịhụ. Mana ihe ndị ahụ dị'
baj-ut buox min a-nnax ala-é-mit	have-NEG COMPL COMPL CD1.3SG-echere-NC3-sky	'Ọ bụ ihe na-enweghị isi na ọ na-echere Chineke'

Edensibia

itinye adịrị na ngwaa iji gosipụta nnọchiaha onye. A na-etinye nnọchiaha naanị na ahịrịokwu maka imesi ya ike. Ọzọkwa isiokwu na ndị ọzọ na-agbanwe aha na-esote aha, nke a na-ahụkarị n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ nke

↑ Sapir, John David. 1971. West Atlantic: An Inventory of the languages, their Noun Class systems and consonant Alternations. In Current Trends in Linguistics, ed. Thomas Seboek, A., 45-112. The Hague: Mouton.
↑ Barry, Abdoulaye. 1987. The Joola languages: subgrouping and reconstruction, Languages and Cultures, University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies: PhD.
↑ Bassène (2006). Description du jóola banjal. Lyon: Université Lumière Lyon 2, PhD, 8.
↑ Goodchild (2018). Sociolinguistic spaces and multilingualism: practices and perceptions in Essyl, Senegal. London: SOAS University of London, PhD..
↑ Berndt, Karine. 2004. Manuel d’alphabétisation de transition: Français-Bandial. Dakar: SIL

Ebe e si nweta ya

Berndt (2011). Bandial spelling guide. SIL.

Njikọ mpụga

Ọkà mmụta banyere agbụrụ
Glottolog
Ọrụ Asụsụ Ndị Nweta Nri
Nkwurịta Okwu Asụsụ nke Bandial
Nchịkọta ngwaa na Gújjolaay Eegimaa (Atlantic, Niger-Congo)
Nchịkọta okwu na Gújjolaay Eegimaa collectives na distributives (PDF), Mahadum ManchesterMahadum nke Manchester
Egwuregwu n'Asụsụ Bandial

[Sapir1971-1] Sapir, John David. 1971. West Atlantic: An Inventory of the languages, their Noun Class systems and consonant Alternations. In Current Trends in Linguistics, ed. Thomas Seboek, A., 45-112. The Hague: Mouton.

[2] Barry, Abdoulaye. 1987. The Joola languages: subgrouping and reconstruction, Languages and Cultures, University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies: PhD.

[3] Bassène (2006). Description du jóola banjal. Lyon: Université Lumière Lyon 2, PhD, 8.

[4] Goodchild (2018). Sociolinguistic spaces and multilingualism: practices and perceptions in Essyl, Senegal. London: SOAS University of London, PhD..

[5] Berndt, Karine. 2004. Manuel d’alphabétisation de transition: Français-Bandial. Dakar: SIL

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