Asụsụ Coahuilteco
Coahuilteco bụ otu n'ime asụsụ Pakawan nke a na-asụ na ndịda Texas (United States) na ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Coahuila (Mexico). Ugbu a, o bibiri.
Nchịkọta[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
John Wesley Powell chịkọtara Coahuilteco n'ezinụlọ Coahuiltecan na 1891, mgbe e mesịrị, ndị ọzọ na-atụ aro ka ha gbasaa ya site na Edward Sapir. Ives Goddard mechara jiri obi abụọ mesoo njikọ ndị a niile, na-ahapụ Coahuilteco dị ka asụsụ dịpụrụ adịpụ. [1] Ramer (1996) na-ekwu na nhazi Coahuiltecan mbụ nke Powell dị warara dị mma, na-akpọ ya Pakawan n'ụzọ dị iche na atụmatụ gbasaa. C[2] agbaghawo atụmatụ a, [1] onye na-ewere nkwekọrịta ya dị mma na-enweghị nkwado ma na-ewere na ụfọdụ n'ime myirịta a hụrụ n'etiti okwu nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ịgbazite.
Ụda[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Mkpụrụ okwu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
| Bilabial | Mmekọrịta ezé<br id="mwIg"> | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Mkpịsị aka | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ala dị larịị | egbugbere ọnụ | ||||||||
| Ụgbọ imi | m | n | |||||||
| Plosive/Africate |
ala dị larịị | p | t | ts | tʃ | k | kw | (ʔ) | |
| ejective | pʼ | tʼ | tsʼ | tʃʼ | kʼ | kwʼ | |||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | (θ) | s | ʃ | x | Ndị mmadụ | h | |||
| Ihe atụ | ala dị larịị | l | j | w | |||||
| ejective | lʼ | ||||||||
Mkpụrụedemede[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
| N'ihu | Central | Ịlaghachi azụ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N'akụkụ | i / iː | u / uː | |
| N'etiti | e / eː | o / oː | |
| Emeghe | a / aː |
Coahuilteco nwere ụdaume [3] mkpirikpi na ogologo.
Dabere [4] ọmụmụ nke otu akwụkwọ dị peeji 88, Fray Bartolomé García's 1760 Manual para administrar los santos sacramentos de penitencia, eucharistia, extrema-uncion, y matrimonio: dar gracias después de comulgar, y ayudar a bien morir, Troike kọwara abụọ nke Coahuilteco's less common syntactic traits: subject-object concord and center-embedding relative clauses. [5]
Ihe-Ihe Concord[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Na nke ọ bụla n'ime ahịrịokwu ndị a, ihe Dios 'Chineke' bụ otu, ma isiokwu dị iche, na n'ihi ya dị iche iche suffixes (-n maka onye mbụ, -m maka onye nke abụọ, na -t maka onye nke atọ) ga-adịrịrị. dị ugbu a mgbe ngosipụta tupo· (Troike 1981:663)
Ntinye n'etiti[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Troike (2015: 135) na-ekwu na nkebi ahịrịokwu ndị dị na Coahuilteco nwere ike ịpụta n'etiti aha ya na ihe ngosi ya (NP --> N (Srel) Dem), na-eduga n'usoro ntinye etiti dị iche na ngalaba aka nri ma ọ bụ aka ekpe. ihe owuwu a na-ahụkarị na asụsụ ụwa.
Otu ihe atụ nke ụdị okwu dị n'etiti bụ nke a: Ihe odide Coahuilteco nke Troike mụrụ nwekwara ihe atụ nke ọkwa abụọ nke itinye ahịrịokwu ndị metụtara, dịka na ihe atụ na-esonụ (Troike 2015:138):
Hụkwa[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Asụsụ Coahuiltecan
- Ndị Coahuiltecan
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ Ramer (1996). "Sapir's Classifications: Coahuiltecan". Anthropological Linguistics 38 (1): 1–38. ISSN 0003-5483.
- ↑ Campbell (1996). "Coahuiltecan: A Closer Look". Anthropological Linguistics 38 (4): 620–634. ISSN 0003-5483.
- ↑ Troike, 1996
- ↑ Troike (January 2015). "Center-Embedding Relative Clauses in Coahuilteco". International Journal of American Linguistics 81 (1): 133–142. DOI:10.1086/679045. ISSN 0020-7071.
- ↑ Troike (1981). "Subject-Object Concord in Coahuilteco". Language 57 (3): 658–673. DOI:10.2307/414344. ISSN 0097-8507.
Akwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Goddard, Ives (Ed.). (1996). Languages. Handbook of North American Indians (W. C. Sturtevant, General Ed.) (Vol. 17). Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution. Àtụ:ISBNISBN 0-16-048774-9.
- Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Àtụ:ISBNISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); Àtụ:ISBN.
- Sturtevant, William C. (Ed.). (1978–present). Handbook of North American Indians (Vol. 1–20). Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution. (Vols. 1–3, 16, 18–20 not yet published).
- Troike, Rudolph. (1996). Coahuilteco (Pajalate). In I. Goddard (Ed.), Languages (pp. 644–665). Handbook of North American Indians. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution.