Asụsụ Nande
| Nande | |
|---|---|
| Yira | |
| Ndandi | |
| Native to | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| Region | Nord-Kivu province |
Native speakers
|
(900,000 cited 1991)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | nnb
|
| Glottolog | nand1264
|
JD.42[2]
| |
Nande, nke a makwara dị ka (Oru) Ndandi na Yira, bụ asụsụ Bantu a na-asụ na Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Ndị Nande nke Congo na ndị Konjo nke Uganda bụ otu agbụrụ, nke ha na-akpọ Yira (Bayira). Ha chọpụtara mmalite ha na Ugwu Ruwenzori n'etiti mba abụọ ahụ. Asụsụ Nande na Konjo dị nso nke ukwuu iji were ya dị ka ire okwu dị iche iche. Nande nwere ọtụtụ olumba nke ya: Nande n'onwe ya, Kumbule, Mate, Tangi, Sanza, Shu, Songola (Songoora, Nyangala), Swaga / Kira (na Nande, a na-eji eki- ebido ha niile).
Maka ụdị asụsụ a maara dị ka Shu, a na-enye anyị ozi na asụsụ ọzọ, "EkiShukaali" bụ nke ụmụ nwanyị na-asụbu, ndị AvaShukaali.[3] Nke a nwere ike ịbụ ihe a kapịrị ọnụ maka ụdị "okwu nzuzo" nke ụmụ agbọghọ, ọ bụghị ụmụ nwoke, hibere.
Ụfọdụ n'ime ndị Nande nke Congo nwere mmekọrịta patron-vassal na ndị Efé Pygmies.
Ọmụmụ nke ụdaolu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Mgbochiume[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
| Akụkụ abụọ | Ezé ezé | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Ọkụ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | enweghị olu | p | t̪ | t | k | ||
| Nwanyị na-agba agba | mb | nd | ŋɡ | ||||
| Africate | t͡s | ||||||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | enweghị olu | s | h | ||||
| kwuru okwu | β | ɣ | |||||
| Nwanyị na-agba agba | nz | ||||||
| Ụgbọ imi | m | n | ɲ | ||||
| Rhotic | trill | r | |||||
| tap | ɾ | ||||||
| Ihe atụ | l | (j) | (w) | ||||
- A na-anụ ụdaume ihu na ọnụ [j, w] naanị n'ihi ụdaume ihu /i, ɪ, ɛ/ ma ọ bụ ụdaume azụ /u, ʊ, ɔ/ na-esote ụdaume ndị ọzọ, ma ọ bụ n'ọnọdụ mmalite n'etiti ụdaume abụọ.
- Enwere ike ịnụ ụda olu /p, t, k/ n'efu dị ka ụda [b, d, ɡ] n'etiti ndị ọkà okwu, ma ọ bụ ụda olu nwekwara ike ịpụta ihe na okwu ndị a gbazitere.
Ụdaume[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
| N'ihu | Central | Nlaghachi | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N'akụkụ | i | u | |
| Ihe dị nso | ɪ | ʊ | |
| N'etiti etiti | ɛ ~ na | Ọ bụ n'ihi na | |
| Mepee n'etiti | |||
| Emeghe | a |
- Ụda /ɛ, ɔ/ nwekwara ike igosipụta dị ka ụdaume ndị ọzọ (nke dị nso) [e, o] n'ime ogwe nwere ụdaume oge (dị ka /i, u/), ma ọ bụ n'ime mkpụrụ okwu n'ụdị ọtụtụ.[4]
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ Nande at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ↑ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
- ↑ Margaret Arminel Bryan, compiler, The Bantu Languages of Africa, Oxford University Press 1959 ,page 96.
- ↑ Valinande (1984). The Structure of Kinande. Georgetown University.