Asụsụ Vandalic

Vandalic
Spoken in:	—
Region:	—
Language extinction:	6th century AD
Language family:	Ahendurufi; Germanic; East Germanic †; Vandalic
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	none
ISO 639-2:	—
ISO 639-3:	xvn
	Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.

Vandalic bụ Asụsụ German nke ndị Vandals na-asụ n'ihe dị ka narị afọ nke atọ ruo nke isii. ^[1] yikarịrị ka ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na Gothic, n'ihi ya, a na-ahazi ya dị ka Asụsụ East German.:: 9 Ihe akaebe ya dị nnọọ iberibe, karịsịa n'ihi ngafe ndị Vandals na-agagharị mgbe niile na ịnakwere ederede n'azụ oge. Ihe odide niile nke oge ^[2] site n'oge a na-asụ Vandalic bụ akụkọ ihe mere eme.: 43–44

Nchịkọta

A: 4 -ahazi Vandalic dị ka asụsụ East German, ^[3]: 4 ^[4] ebe ihe kpatara nkewa a bụ akụkọ ihe mere eme ọ bụghị asụsụ.:^: 7 N'ihi nghọta nke Vandalic dị ka asụsụ East German, nrụzigharị ya site na onomastics nke akwụkwọ ndị Gris na Rom dere dabere na ụdị Gothic. ^[1] mere, o siri ike ịchọpụta ma Vandalic nwere njikọ chiri anya na Gothic.^: 9

Echiche sitere na Gothic na Vandalic, yana Burgundian, na-etolite n'olumba continuum, ma ọ bụ na asụsụ Vandals bụ n'ezie Gothic, na ha bụ asụsụ dị iche iche na-ekewa n'oge mbụ,

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

Dabere na akụkọ ifo nke ha, Ndị Goth sitere na Scandinavia. Ya mere, a na-arụrịta ụka, ma Gothic na site na ndọtị Vandalic, sitere na Scandinavia ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị. Ihe akaebe asụsụ na-egosi enweghị njikọ doro anya n'etiti North German na ma ọ bụ Gothic ma ọ bụ Vandalic. ^[5]'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, ọ ga-ekwe omume na ma ndị Goth na ndị Vandals si Scandinavia kwaga n'ebe ndịda, ebe asụsụ ha malitere ịpụ na Proto-German.

O yikarịrị ka asụsụ nke Vandalic dị n'ebe ndịda nke oké osimiri Baltic. Ha gafere Rhine na narị afọ nke ise, ^[5] na-ejikọ onwe ha na Hasdingi na Silingi na Gallaecia (n'ebe ugwu Portugal na Galicia) na ndịda Spain, na-eso ndị ọzọ German na ndị na-abụghị ndị German (Visigoths, Alans Ndị Suebi) na c. 410 tupu ha agaa North Africa na 430s. ^[6] ^[7] nwere ọganihu na mmalite narị afọ nke isii, mana mgbe e merisịrị ha na 534 e debere ha n'okpuru ọchịchị Byzantium.^[6]:: 1 A na-eche na a ka na-asụ asụsụ Vandalic n'oge mmeri Byzantium. [1]^[4]:^: 95 O yikarịrị ka ọ lara n'iyi tupu ngwụcha narị afọ ahụ.

Ihe akaebe

^[1] maara obere ihe banyere asụsụ Vandalic ma e wezụga ahịrịokwu dị iche iche na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke aha onwe onye sitere na Vandalic, nke a maara site na akwụkwọ na mkpụrụ ego.:^: 7 ^[2]: Ọtụtụ aha Vandalic ka ndị na-asụ asụsụ Latin ma ọ bụ Grik dere, ndị nwere ike ịkọwa ụdaume n'ụzọ na-ezighi ezi ma ọ bụ jiri aha ndị a na-ahụkarị n'asụsụ nne ha. [2]

Okwu

Tebụl ndị dị n'okpuru ebe a na-egosi okwu dị iche iche nke Vandalic, ahịrịokwu na ụdị ndị dị na (ma ọ bụ dị ka) aha na ederede Latin dị iche iche. ^[8] si na Nicoletta Francovich Onesti nweta ọtụtụ n'ime ha. ^{[<span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (September 2023)">clarification needed</span>]}

Vandalic words attested outside of names
Attested Vandalic form	Gothic cognate	Gloss of Vandalic form
arme	*Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value).𐌹 (*armai) (form of Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (arman))	'have mercy!'
baudus (cf. -baudes)	—	'ruler, master'
drincan	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (drigkan)	'drink (<abbr about="#mwt422" data-cx="[{"adapted":false,"targetExists":false}]" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"abbr","href":"./Template:Abbr"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"inf."},"2":{"wt":"infinitive"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwAzk" title="infinitive" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:ExpandedAttrs">inf.</abbr>)'
eils	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (hails)	'hail!' (greeting)
ia	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (jah)	'and'
froia	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (frauja)	'lord, (the) Lord'
matzia	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (matjan)	'eat (<abbr about="#mwt437" data-cx="[{"adapted":false,"targetExists":false}]" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"abbr","href":"./Template:Abbr"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"inf."},"2":{"wt":"infinitive"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwA2M" title="infinitive" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:ExpandedAttrs">inf.</abbr>), have one's meal (<abbr about="#mwt440" data-cx="[{"adapted":false,"targetExists":false}]" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"abbr","href":"./Template:Abbr"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"inf."},"2":{"wt":"infinitive"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwA2Y" title="infinitive" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:ExpandedAttrs">inf.</abbr>)'
scapia	*Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (*skapjan), cf. Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (gaskapjan)	'make, create'
vandalirice	—	'king of the Vandals'

Vandalic words and forms attested in or as personal names
Attested Vandalic form(s)	Gothic cognate	Proto-Germanic etymon	Old English cognate	Gloss of Vandalic form
ari	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (harjis)	*harjaz	here	'army'
baudes (cf. baudus)	—	*baudiz	—	'master, ruler'
bere	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (baira-)	*bera-	bera-	'bear, carry'
bluma	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (blōma)	*blōmô	*blōma	'bloom, flower'
dagila	*Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (*dagila) cf. Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (dags)	*dag-	(dæg)	'day (<abbr about="#mwt474" data-cx="[{"adapted":false,"targetExists":false}]" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"abbr","href":"./Template:Abbr"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"dim."},"2":{"wt":"diminutive"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwA90" title="diminutive" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:ExpandedAttrs">dim.</abbr>)'
frida frede feua	*Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (*friþus)	*friþu-	friþ(u) (cf. MnE †frith)	'peace'
geis	*Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (*gais) cf. Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (usgaisjan) ('frighten, scare')	*gaiza-	gār (cf. MnE garlic)	'spear'
gunda guntha	—	*gunþjo	gūþ	'battle'
hildi-, -ild	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (hildi-)	*hildjō	hild	'battle'
mir mer	*Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (*mērs)	*mēraz, *mērijaz	mǣre (cf. MnE ‡mere)	'famous'
munds	—	*mundō	mund (cf. MnE ‡mound)	'defender'
mut	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (mōþs) ('mood, anger')	*moda-	mōd (cf. MnE mood)	'courage'
oa	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (hauhs)	*hauha-	hēah	'high'
osta hostra	*Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (*austra-)	*austra-	ēast	'east'
rit rith	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (-rēdan) ('to advise')	*rēdaz	rǣd, rēd (cf. MnE †rede)	'advice, counsel'
rix ricus	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (reiks)	*rīk-	rice ('dominion')	'king'
runa	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (rūna)	*rūnō	rūn (cf. MnE †roun, rune)	'secret'
scarila	—	*skarō	scearu (cf. MnE share)	'band (dim.)'
sifila	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (sibja)	*sibjō	sibb (cf. MnE sibling)	'kindred (dim.)'
sindi-	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (sinþs) ('time, occurrence')	*sinþa-	sīþ (cf. MnE send)	'travel, path'
trioua	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (triggwa)	*triwwa	trīewu	'loyal, true (<abbr about="#mwt599" data-cx="[{"adapted":false,"targetExists":false}]" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"abbr","href":"./Template:Abbr"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"f."},"2":{"wt":"feminine"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwBRE" title="feminine" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:ExpandedAttrs">f.</abbr>)'
teus	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (þius)	*þewaz	þēow (cf. MnE †thew)	'slave, servant'
theudo	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (þiuda)	*þeudō	þēod (cf. MnE †thede)	'folk'
vili, guilia	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (wilja)	*wiljô	willa	'will (noun)'
uit- guit-	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (*weiti-)	*wīti-	—	'struggle, combat'
vult	Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 483: attempt to index field 'scripts' (a boolean value). (wulþus)	*wulþu-	wuldor	'glory'

Usoro ide ihe

^[9] dere aha ole na ole dị na mkpụrụ ego nke alaeze Vandalic wepụtara na mkpụrụedemede Latin.

Hụkwa

Ndị na-emebi ihe
Asụsụ Gothic
Asụsụ East German
Asụsụ Ndị Agha Ukwu Rom

Edensibia

wezụga ahịrịokwu dị iche iche na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke aha onwe onye sitere na Vandalic, nke a maara site na akwụkwọ na mkpụrụ ego.:: 7 : Ọtụtụ aha Vandalic ka ndị na-asụ asụsụ Latin ma ọ bụ Grik dere, ndị nwere

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Hartmann (2020). The Vandalic language – origins and relationships. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter. ISBN 978-3-8253-4752-9.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Reichert (2009). "Sprache und Namen der Wandalen in Afrika", in Greule: Namen des Frühmittelalters als Sprachliche Zeugnisse und als Geschichtsquellen (in de). Berlin: W. de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110208153.
↑ Wrede [1886] (2018). Über die Sprache der Wandalen (in de). Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter. ISBN 9783111347615.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Hennings (2012). Einführung in das Mittelhochdeutsche, 3 (in de), Berlin: De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-025959-9. Hennings, Thordis (2012). Einführung in das Mittelhochdeutsche [Introduction to Middle High German] (in German) (3 ed.). Berlin: De Gruyter. p. 26. ISBN 978-3-11-025959-9.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Hartmann (2023). "Genealogical implications and Germanic phylogeny", Germanic Phylogeny. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 172–211. DOI:10.1093/oso/9780198872733.003.0005. ISBN 9780191983719. Hartmann, Frederik (2023). "Genealogical implications and Germanic phylogeny". Germanic Phylogeny. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 172–211. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198872733.003.0005. ISBN 9780191983719.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Merrills (2010). The Vandals. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781444318074.
↑ Moorhead (2013). "Goths and Vandals, migration history", The Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration, 1 (in en), Wiley. ISBN 978-1-4443-3489-0.
↑ Francovich Onesti (2013). "Tracing the language of the Vandals", Goti e Vandali. Rome: Artemide, 179–195. ISBN 9788875751821.
↑ Friedländer (1849). Die Münzen der Vandalen (in de). Leipzig: Wigand.

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

Wrede [1886] (2018). Über die Sprache der Wandalen (in de). Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter. ISBN 9783111347615.
Reichert (2009). "Sprache und Namen der Wandalen in Afrika", in Greule: Namen des Frühmittelalters als Sprachliche Zeugnisse und als Geschichtsquellen (in de). Berlin: W. de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110208153.
Francovich Onesti (2013). "Tracing the language of the Vandals", Goti e Vandali. Rome: Artemide, 179–195. ISBN 9788875751821.
Hartmann (2020). The Vandalic language – origins and relationships. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter. ISBN 978-3-8253-4752-9.

[Hartmann-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Hartmann (2020). The Vandalic language – origins and relationships. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter. ISBN 978-3-8253-4752-9.

[Reichert-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Reichert (2009). "Sprache und Namen der Wandalen in Afrika", in Greule: Namen des Frühmittelalters als Sprachliche Zeugnisse und als Geschichtsquellen (in de). Berlin: W. de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110208153.

[Wrede-3] Wrede [1886] (2018). Über die Sprache der Wandalen (in de). Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter. ISBN 9783111347615.

[Hennings-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Hennings (2012). Einführung in das Mittelhochdeutsche, 3 (in de), Berlin: De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-025959-9. Hennings, Thordis (2012). Einführung in das Mittelhochdeutsche [Introduction to Middle High German] (in German) (3 ed.). Berlin: De Gruyter. p. 26. ISBN 978-3-11-025959-9.

[Phylogeny-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Hartmann (2023). "Genealogical implications and Germanic phylogeny", Germanic Phylogeny. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 172–211. DOI:10.1093/oso/9780198872733.003.0005. ISBN 9780191983719. Hartmann, Frederik (2023). "Genealogical implications and Germanic phylogeny". Germanic Phylogeny. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 172–211. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198872733.003.0005. ISBN 9780191983719.

[Miles-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Merrills (2010). The Vandals. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781444318074.

[7] Moorhead (2013). "Goths and Vandals, migration history", The Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration, 1 (in en), Wiley. ISBN 978-1-4443-3489-0.

[Onesti2-8] Francovich Onesti (2013). "Tracing the language of the Vandals", Goti e Vandali. Rome: Artemide, 179–195. ISBN 9788875751821.

[9] Friedländer (1849). Die Münzen der Vandalen (in de). Leipzig: Wigand.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]