Asụsụ Zamucoan

Zamucoan (nke a na-akpọkwa Samúkoan) Ọ bụ obere asụsụ ezinụlọ nke Paraguay (n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Chaco) na Bolivia (Ngalaba Santa Cruz Santa).

Ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ amụbeghị ezinụlọ ahụ (dịka nke Adelaar & Muysken 2004) , ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ ọmụmụ apụtawo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya (lee: Bertinetto 2009, 2010, 2013; Ciucci 2007/08, 2009, 2010a, 2010b, 2013a, 2013b). Nnyocha ndị e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na-egosi na asụsụ Zamucoan bụ ihe e ji mara nhazi okwu na-adịghị ahụkebe nke a na-akpọ para-hypotaxis, ebe a na-eji nhazi na ịnọ n'okpuru n'otu oge iji jikọta ahịrịokwu (Bertinetto & Ciucci 2012).

Extant asụsụ Asụsụ ndị dị ugbu a

Zamucoan nwere asụsụ abụọ dị ndụ:

Ayoreo (nke a makwaara dị ka Zamuco, Ayoré, Moro, Ayoréo, Ayoweo, Samuko, Morotoco, Pyeta, Yovai) - ndị ọkà okwu 3,160.
Chamacoco (nke a makwaara dị ka Bahía Negra, Ebidoso, Tumarahá, Chamakoko, Ebitoso, Ishiro, Jeywo) - ndị ọkà okwu 2,000

Mmekọrịta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa Mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa

Site na ndekọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị Zamucoan, asụsụ Zamucoan dị ndụ yiri ka ha nwere ọtụtụ ndị ikwu, nwụọ ugbu a na-adịghịzi.

Ọ bụghị ihe doro anya ma ọ bụrụ na ndị a bụ asụsụ dị iche iche, ma ọ bụ ọbụna na ha bụ Zamucoan, mana Mason (1950) ^[1] depụtara ha dị ka ndị a: ^[2]

Okwu

Loukotka (1968) depụtara ihe ndị a bụ isi okwu maka ụdị asụsụ Zamucoan.^[3]

ịma mma	Zamuco	Ayoré	Guarañoca	Onye na-ere ite	Morotoco	Siracua	Chamacoco	Ezigbo ihe	Tumrahá
otu	Chomara	choxmára	chumana	chumana	sumara		somraha	tohok	tonhok
abụọ	gar	Garra	gar	ogar	gapebe		Osia	eshara	Osia
atọ	gadiok	gadok	adiska	oagadioka	gaedopebe		aorliet	pelpe	ahriet-tohok
isi	ya-toitak	Ugbu a	ya-toita	Ya-ihe niile	taa		hoté	Ọ bụ n'oge a	ho
anya	unu-eze	yeː-do	ye-dodia	unu-doy	ye-do	dlyóki-dodye	dị ka ya	erupi	ulu
ntị	ya-gorone	Ya-gorone	ya-noenia	Ya-goroné	ya-gorod	dlyóki-goroni	parhi	áhre	ahri
ire	N'oge a lara ezumike nká		ya-reta	N'oge a lara ezumike nká	ya na		Arhik	orahü	kehrik
mmiri	yod	yot	yodite	yod	yod		N'ụzọ dị njọ	niogo	Niodat
ọkụ	piok	piok	piok	piok	pioko	pió	Ierjú	erhúe	naúsere
nkume	kukarat	kukarat	kukanane	kukaranay	kukarad	kukáni	kukret'	oysterp	kukáni
anyanwụ	giede	guéde	nduzi	n'oge gara aga	giede	gete	Ọ gara ebe ahụ	dei	yite
ọka	guehena	gueːxnai	guexa	guehena	nduzi	geshna	taguri	takurü	okpu

Edensibia

↑ Mason (1950). "The languages of South America", in Steward: Handbook of South American Indians. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office: Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143, 157–317.
↑ Fabre 2007:3–5
↑ Loukotka (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.

Akwụkwọ

Adelaar, Willem F. H.; & Muysken, Pieter C. (2004). Asụsụ ndị dị na Andes. Nnyocha asụsụ Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ayoreo (Zamuco) Ihe osise ụtọ asụsụ. Quaderni del laboratorio di Linguistica 8 n.s. (Online version: <http://linguistica.sns.it/QLL/QLL09.htm>).
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Otu asụsụ Zamuco si emeso ngwaa. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica 9,1 n.s. (Online version: <http://linguistica.sns.it/QLL/QLL10.htm>).
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ayoreo (Zamuco) dị ka asụsụ na-enweghị ụda. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica 12 n.s. (Online version: <http://linguistica.sns.it/QLL/QLL13.htm>)
Bertinetto, Pier Marco & Luca Ciucci 2012. Parataxis, Hypotaxis na Para-Hypotaxis na Asụsụ Zamucoan. Na: Linguistic Discovery 10.1: 89-111.
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] (1997). Asụsụ ndị American Indian: Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke asụsụ ndị American Indian. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1.
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Indagini sulla morfologia verbale nella lingua ayoreo. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica della Scuola Normale Superiore 7 n.s. (Online version: <http://linguistica.sns.it/QLL/QLL07_08.htm>)
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Elementi di morfologia verbale nke chamacoco. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica della Scuola Normale Superiore 8 n.s. (Online version: <http: linguistica.sns.it="" qll="" qll09.htm="">) </http:>
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Beefsione possessiva dell'ayoreo. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica della Scuola Normale Superiore 9,2 n.s. (Online version: <http: linguistica.sns.it="" qll="" qll10.htm="">) </http:>
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Beensione possessiva nke chamacoco. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica della Scuola Normale Superiore 9,2 n.s. (Online version: <http: linguistica.sns.it="" qll="" qll10.htm="">) </http:>
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Mgbanwe ọdịdị n'asụsụ Zamucoan. Pisa: Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Ph.D. Thesis.
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Chamacoco lexicographical supplement. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica della Scuola Normale Superiore 12 n.s. (Online version: <http: linguistica.sns.it="" qll="" qll13.htm="">) </http:>
Fabre, Alain (maka ịpụta, 2005). Ndị obodo nke Gran Chaco na asụsụ ha, akụkụ nke anọ: Ndị zamuco. Suplemento Antropológico, Asunción.
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] (1990). Akụkọ asụsụ na South America: Ihe anyị maara na otu esi ama ihe ndị ọzọ. Na D. L. Payne (Ed.), Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages (pp. 13-67). Austin: Mahadum nke Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-70414-3.
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] (1994). Asụsụ ala nke South America. Na C. Mosley & R. E. Asher (Eds.), Atlas of the world's languages (pp. 46-76). London: Routledge.
[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Ishiʹro (Chamacoco) - Spanish, Spanish - Ishiʹro. Asuncion: Misión a Nuevas Tribus Paraguay.

Njikọ ndị dị n'èzí

Proel: Ezinụlọ Zamucoana
Sorosoro: Asụsụ Zamucoan
Arte de la lengua zamuca, nke nna Ignace Chomé dere (1696).

Àtụ:Language families

[Mason-1950-1] Mason (1950). "The languages of South America", in Steward: Handbook of South American Indians. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office: Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143, 157–317.

[2] Fabre 2007:3–5

[Loukotka-3] Loukotka (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.

[1]

[2]

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