Bertram Smythies

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Bertram Smythies
Mmádu
ụdịekerenwoke Dezie
mba o sịNdia, British Raj, Dominion of India Dezie
Aha enyereBill Dezie
aha ezinụlọ yaSmythies Dezie
Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya1912 Dezie
Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya1999 Dezie
Ọrụ ọ na-arụornithologist, botanist Dezie
ebe agụmakwụkwọBalliol College Dezie

Bertram Evelyn (Bill) Smythies (11 Julaị 1912 (Nainital, India) - 27 June 1999 (Redhill, England)) bụ onye Britain na-elekọta ọhịa na onye na-amụ banyere ụmụ nnụnụ.[1]

Ndụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A mụrụ Bertram 'Bill' Smythies, nwanne John Raymond Smythios, na India na 1912.[2] Nna ya E. A. Smythies, bụ onye na-ahụ maka ọhịa nke Uttar Pradesh (na, na 1940s, Chief Conservator of Forest of Nepal), nne ya Olive Smythios née Cripps bụ onye dere The Tiger Lady .[2] Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na UK, Bill gụrụ botany na forestry na Balliol College, Oxford.

Nna nna Bill bụ Arthur Smythies (1847- 1934) bịara India na 1873 iji sonye na Indian Forest Service ma jee ozi ruo 1902 gburugburu Dehra Dun.[3] Nna Bill bụ Evelyn (nwa Arthur) nwere nzere na ọhịa na geology site na Oxford ma jee ozi na Indian Forest Service site na 1908 ruo 1940. Evelyn bi na Nainital, ebe amụrụ Bill na 1912. O dere, sị:

Nna Bill Smythies weghaara ọrụ nkwekọrịta nke onye ndụmọdụ ọhịa na Maharaja nke Nepal wee kwaga Kathmandu mgbe 1940 gasịrị ma nọrọ ruo 1947. N'oge a, Bill na-eleta nna ya na Nepal ma nwee ike ịnweta ebe ndị na-abụghị nke ndị mba ọzọ. Bill Smythies sonyeere ndị ọrụ ọhịa Burma na 1934.[4] N'oge a, ọ nyochara botany na ornithology nke mpaghara Burmese ndị a na onye nduzi Kachin ya na enyi ya Sumdu Mai. Ọ na-asụ Burmese, Jingpo, Malay na Iban nke ọma. Ọ bụ nnukwu onye na-akwado onye Britain na-ahụ maka ihe ọkụkụ na onye nchọpụta Kingdon-Ward.

Na Jenụwarị 1949, a họpụtara Bill na Colonial Forest Service na Sarawak ebe ọ nọrọ afọ iri na ise. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 52, ụbọchị ọ hapụrụ Sarawak. Na 1964 ọ lụrụ Florence Mary (Jill) Rogers onye a ma ama na-ese ihe ọkụkụ.[1][5] Afọ iri na ise sochirinụ nọrọ na Sierras nke Spain, ugwu nke Britain, Alps na Pyrenees tupu ha agaa England. N'afọ 1986, Bill Smythies nyere Jill Smythiis Award iji sọpụrụ nwunye ya onye ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe ọkụkụ bụ nke ihe mberede mere n'aka nri ya.[6] A na-enye ya kwa afọ kemgbe 1988 site na Linnean Society nke London "nye onye na-ese ihe ọkụkụ iji kwado ịdị mma ya na ihe osise ndị e bipụtara, dị ka ihe osise ma ọ bụ ihe osise, iji nyere aka na njirimara osisi, na-ekwusi ike na izi ezi nke ihe ọkụkụ na ngosipụta ziri ezi nke njirimara nchọpụta".[6] Ntọala ntinye na-akọwapụta na onyinye ahụ bụ maka nka botanical na ọ bụ 'onyinye maka njirimara na ngosipụta nke njirimara nchọpụta' ma wepụ "ihe osise okooko osisi nke bụ naanị nka" na "ihe osisa nke ụdị osisi sitere n'ubi".[6] Jill Smythies nwụrụ na 1994.[1] Bill nwụrụ na 1999 hapụrụ ya.[1][5]

Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Bill Smythies dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ ndị dị mkpa gụnyere:

  • The Birds of Burma (nke mbụ e bipụtara na 1940)[4]
  • Nnụnụ nke Borneo[4]
  • Osisi Sarawak Ndị A Na-ahụkarị
  • Okooko osisi nke South-West Europe (ya na Oleg Polunin na Jill Smythies)
  • Okooko osisi nke Gris
  • Flora nke Spain na Balearic Islands. Ọrịa iwe 3: 1 - 88 (1984)

Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Gathorne Cranbrook (22 October 2011). Obituary: Bertram E. Smythies. The Independent.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Dawkins (2013). An Appetite For Wonder: The Making of a Scientist : A Memoir. London: Bantam Press, family tree in front matter. ISBN 9780593070895. OCLC 852806520. “I spoke the eulogy at the funeral of Bill, my godfather and uncle, when he died at the age of 93 in 2009. I tried to convey the idea that, although there was much that was bad in the British Colonial Service, the best was very good indeed; and Bill … was of the best. ... [his] ... grandfather, Arthur Smythies, was Chief Conservator of Forests in his district of India; [whose] son Evelyn became Chief Conservator of Forests in Nepal.... Evelyn was the author of a noted book on India’s Forest Wealth (1925) as well as various standard works on philately. His wife Olive ... was fond of shooting tigers and published a book called Tiger Lady. … Olive and Evelyn’s eldest son, my father’s ... first cousin Bertram (‘Billy’) Smythies, was also in the forest service, in Burma and later Sarawak: he wrote the standard works Birds of Burma and Birds of Borneo. The latter became a kind of bible to the ... travel writer Redmond O’Hanlon, on his hilarious journey Into the Heart of Borneo with the poet James Fenton. Bertram’s younger brother John Smythies departed from family tradition and became a distinguished neuroscientist and authority on schizophrenia and psychedelic drugs, living in California, where he is credited with inspiring Aldous Huxley to take mescaline and cleanse his ‘doors of perception’.” 
  3. ↑ Fenn. The King's Candlesticks: Pedigrees Arthur SMYTHIES [22376]. www.thekingscandlesticks.com. Retrieved on 2019-07-01.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Eric Pace (2 August 1999). Bertram Smythies, 86, a Writer On Birds of Burma and Borneo. The New York Times.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Fenn. The King's Candlesticks: Pedigrees Florence Mary (Jill) ROGERS [22426]. www.thekingscandlesticks.com. Retrieved on 2019-06-30.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 The Jill Smythies Award (en-GB). The Linnean Society. Retrieved on 2019-06-30.

Ihe Ndị e dere n'ozuzu[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Davison, G.W.H. (1999). B.E. Smythies. (Na: Smythies, B.E.; & Davison, G.W.H. The Birds of Borneo. 4th mbipụta. Natural History Publications (Borneo): Kota Kinabalu).  ISBN 983-812-028-6
  • [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Obituary: Bertram 'Bill' Smythies. OBC Bulletin 30 (Nov 1999): 7-8.

Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Nnụnụ nke Burma (2nd mbipụta)
  • B.E. (Bill) Smythies, 1912-1999, E.F. Bruenig, ASSOCIATION NEWS, The International Forestry Review, Vol.1, No.3, SPECIAL ISSUE: PLANTATIONS (1999), pp. 203-204 https://www.jstor.org/stable/42609204 (nakwa na Borneo Research Bulletin (1999) Mpịakọta 30, peeji nke 7-10 Archived Issues from the Borneo Research Council)
  • BERTRAM EVELYN SMYTHIES (1912-1999) obituary site na S. L. JURY maka (nke bụbu) akwụkwọ akụkọ BSBI Watsonia 23: 370-371 (2000)
  • Jill Smythies - Akụkọ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Dr. Stephen L. Jury, na Mahadum Reading Herbarium website.
  • "The H. H. Bloomer Award Mr Bertram Evelyn Smythies" THE LINNEAN, (1986 peeji nke 23 - 24)
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