C. G. Finch-Davies
Claude Gibney Finch- (24 Mee 1875 - 4 Ọgọst 1920) bụ onye agha Britain, ọkachamara n'ọkpụkpụ na onye na-ese ihe bụ onye mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe osise nke nnụnụ South Africa na mmalite narị afọ nke 20.
Akụkọ ndụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A mụrụ ya na Delhi, India, nwa nke atọ na ọkpara nke Major-General Sir William na Lady Elizabeth B. Davies née Field. Nna ya mechara bụrụ Gọvanọ Delhi wee nye ya Order of the Star of India, ebe ekwuru na nne ya bụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara agwọ India.[1] Mgbe ọ dị afọ isii, n'ikwekọ n'omenala nke oge ahụ, e zigara Davies n'ụlọ akwụkwọ dị n'England, bụ́ ebe ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ ya enweghị mmasị.
Mgbe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ, Davies sonyeere Cape Mounted Riflemen na 1893 n'ọfịs ha na-ewe ndị ọrụ na London. N'otu afọ ahụ, ndị agha ya hụrụ ọrụ na Pondoland na South Africa.E zigara ha ebe ahụ ka ha debe udo ahụ ógbè Cape weghaara ókèala ahụ.Dị ka onye agha ọkachamara bụ Davies ka ezigara n'ebe dịpụrụ adịpụ dị na Eastern Cape, nke a kpalitere mmasị na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke okike na karịsịa, ndụ nnụnụ. N'ime otu afọ ma ọ bụ abụọ, ọ na-achịkọta ụdị nnụnụ na-amalite sketị na eserese. N'ime akwụkwọ sketch nke ubi ya, o depụtara ọtụtụ ndetu gbasara ụdị ọ bụla o gosipụtara - na mbụ nleba anya n'ubi nke ya, mana emechara gbakwunye ozi sitere na akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị. Ụdị eserese ya malitere ngwa ngwa iji gosipụta nkọwa zuru oke na plumage ka ọ na-ejigide ọdịdị ndụ. Ka ọ na-erule 1905, o mepụtala ihe osise 200 nke na-adị mma mgbe niile.
1897-1913[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
N'afọ 1897, e zigara Private 1st Class CG Davies, ya na ndị ọzọ 15 nke ndị agha ya, na London ka ha gaa Diamond Jubilee nke Queen Victoria, a kwalite ya ka ọ bụrụ corporal mgbe ọ laghachiri South Africa. Ntiwapụ nke Agha Anglo-Boer n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, mere ka mmasị nnụnụ ya kwụsị, mana n'akụkụ dị mma, nyere ya ohere nke njem dị ukwuu na ndịda Afrịka. Ọbụna na-enweghị oge ezumike iji see ihe, ọ gara n'ihu na-ele anya, na-ede ihe ma na-anakọta ihe ndị dị iche iche. Mgbe agha biri na 1902, ọ laghachiri Pondoland ma bulie ya n'ọkwa sergent. Afọ iri na abụọ sochirinụ nke udo dịtụ iche hụrụ ọganihu Davies dị ka onye na-ese ihe na onye na-amụ banyere ụmụ nnụnụ. Ọ nyochara Eastern Cape nke ọma ma mepụta ihe osise na ọnụego nke ihe dị ka otu n'izu. E zigara nne ya n'England akwụkwọ osise ya zuru ezu maka nchekwa, ọ degharịrị ihe odide pencil ya ma nwee ụdị ndị a na-amaghị aha ha nke British Museum (Natural History) dere. Ọ malitere inye aka na akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị - edemede mbụ ya banyere nnụnụ Pondoland na mpịakọta mbụ nke South African Ornithologists' Union, nke ọ bụ onye guzobere.
Onye isi oche nke Ornithologists' Union n'oge ahụ bụ Alwin Haagner, onye bụ onye inyeaka na Transvaal Museum. Ya na Davies bịara mara onwe ha site n'ọtụtụ ụdị nnụnụ ndị ọ na-ere ma nye onyinye n'ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie. Haagner jiri ihe atụ Davies soro ọtụtụ akụkọ na-akọwa ụdị na ụdị ọhụrụ. N'ihe dị ka n'oge a Davies mere ka ọ mara Major Boyd Horsbrugh onye na-achọ onye na-ese ihe ruru eru iji gosi akwụkwọ ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ya. Mmekọrịta a mere ka e bipụta The Game-Birds na Waterfowl nke South Africa na 1912, nke ewezuga efere agba nke Davies, tinyere ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị ọ chọpụtara.
N'afọ 1910 mgbe e guzobere Union of South Africa, e weghachiri ndị agha Davies, nke a na-akpọzi 1st South African Mounted Riflemen, na Matatiele na East Griqualand. N'ebe a, ọ dabara n'okpuru ọgwụ ọjọọ nke ndị na-eri anụ ma nyefee akwụkwọ edemede ya nke iri abụọ, na asaa ọzọ n'ime iri ikpeazụ ya, maka ìgwè nnụnụ a. Ọ gakwuuru ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nnụnụ dịka William Robert Ogilvie-Grant na British Museum banyere ihe isi ike. Oge a na-arụpụta ihe nke ndụ ya kwụsịrị ọzọ site na nkwupụta nke esemokwu - Agha Ụwa Mbụ.
Original plate by CG Finch-Davies
1914–1920[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
E zigara ndị agha Davies na Port Nolloth dị nso n'ókè ndịda nke German South-West Africa. Mgbe esemokwu mbụ gasịrị, iwu ndị agha ahụ bụ ịgagharị n'ókè, akụkụ nke na-agafe Ọzara Kalahari. Na mberede, Davies nwere ike itinye onwe ya n'ọtụtụ ụdị nnụnụ nke bụ, n'ụzọ ka ukwuu, ihe ọhụrụ nye ya. Site na ọganihu ọzọ, onye ọrụ ahụike ya bụ Dr. Louis Clifford Thompson, onye na-anụ ọkụ n'obi nnụnụ na onye nwe obere ọbá akwụkwọ nke Davies na-agakwuru ugboro ugboro. N'oge a, Davies malitere idegara Austin Roberts nke Transvaal Museum akwụkwọ ozi. Ndị agha ahụ laghachiri na Orange River Colony iji kwụsị obere nnupụisi, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, e nyere ha iwu ka ha gaa Walvis Bay. Mgbe o rutere, e buliri Davies ka ọ bụrụ lieutenant. Ndị agha Germany nyefere onwe ha na 1 Julaị 1915. N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ndị Germany nyefere onwe ha, Davies gara Cape Town maka nlekọta ahụike, laghachi South West Africa na mbido 1916. O yikarịrị ka ọ zutere nwunye ya n'ọdịnihu Aileen Singleton Finch, nwa nwanyị nke Captain W Finch, onye bụ onyeisi Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, na nleta Cape Town, n'ihi na ọ laghachiri ebe ahụ wee lụọ Aileen na 4 August 1916. Site na ụbọchị ahụ gaa n'ihu, a maara ha dị ka Finch-Davies.
Ka ọ na-erule 1918 Finch-Davies nọ na-ebipụta akwụkwọ n'ahụ nnụnụ nke obodo Okahandja na Outjo nke dị na Namibia ugbu a. Ọ ka nọ na-ebunye ihe nlere anya na Transvaal Museum maka mgbanwe iji nweta akwụkwọ akụkọ ha na ihe nledo echekwara, n'agbanyeghị ihe isi ike dị n'ihi nbipute ya dịpụrụ adịpụ. Ozi ọma ahụ bụ́ na n’oge na-adịghị anya ndị agha ya ga-alaghachi South Africa, kpaliri ya iwere ezumike otu ọnwa ka o wee gaa na Walvis Bay, ka ọ mụọ banyere ụbara nnụnụ ndị dị n’ụsọ oké osimiri n’ebe ahụ.
Ka ọ na-erule mmalite afọ 1919, ọ nọ na Roberts Heights na mpụga Pretoria. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, di na nwunye ahụ nwere ụmụ abụọ - nwa nwoke na nwa nwanyị a mụrụ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya. N'agbanyeghị mwute Aileen nwere maka nchegbu ya maka nnụnụ, Finch-Davies nọgidere na-etinye ogologo oge n'ọbá akwụkwọ Transvaal Museum. Na Jenụwarị 1920, ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ chọpụtara na Finch-Davies ewepụla ihe dị ka mbadamba 230 site na akwụkwọ ntụaka nke ọ nyochara. Na Mee 1920 Breijer, onye nduzi nke Transvaal Museum, natara akwụkwọ ozi site n'aka Louis Péringuey, onye nduze nke South African Museum na Cape Town, nke ọ kpughere na ihe dị ka mbadamba 130 efuola n'akwụkwọ ha. N'agbanyeghị ebubo ndị ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ na-ahọrọghị, ihe omume ahụ ghọrọ ihe ọha na eze maara. Ihe osise Finch-Davies nọ n'ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie dị ka ihe nchebe ruo mgbe ọ nwere ike ịkwụ ụgwọ maka dochie akwụkwọ ndị mebiri emebi. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ewere omume ya dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali nakwa na mkpebi ikpe ya kpuchiri site na mmasị ya na-ese nnụnụ, mmebi nke aha ya mere enweghị ike idozi. A kpọfere Finch-Davies na Cape Town ebe Aileen, onye mụrụ nwa nwoke nke abụọ na June 1920, sonyeere ya. O doro anya nye ndị niile maara ya, na Finch-Davies na-enwe nnukwu nsogbu mmetụta uche. N'ụtụtụ nke 4 Ọgọstụ 1920 onye na-ahụ maka iwu ya hụrụ ya nwụrụ anwụ n'àkwà ya. E dekọrọ ihe kpatara ọnwụ ya dị ka angina pectoris. E nyere ya olili ozu ndị agha ma lie ya na Maitland Cemetery na Cape Town.
Austin Roberts dezigharịrị Roberts Birds of South Africa na 1940 na Our South African Birds na 1941, ọ dịkwa mfe [1] na ihe osise ndị dị n'akwụkwọ ndị a bụ mbipụta nke efere Finch-Davies nke Transvaal Museum nwere.
Akwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Roberts Birds of South Africa (1940) – Austin Roberts (editor); uncredited use of plates by Finch-Davies
- Our South African Birds (1941) – Austin Roberts (editor); uncredited use of plates by Finch-Davies
- The Paintings of Norman Lighton for Roberts Birds of South Africa – A. V. Bird (editor); 'Lighton acknowledges influence of Finch-Davies', otherwise uncredited use of plates by Finch-Davies
- Gamebirds and Waterfowl of South Africa – Major Boyd Horsbrugh & Claude Gibney Davies (Winchester Press, Johannesburg 1978) Àtụ:ISBN
- The Birds of Prey of Southern Africa – C.G. Finch-Davies and Dr.A.C. Kemp (Winchester Press, Johannesburg 1980) Àtụ:ISBN
- The Birds Paintings of C.G. Finch-Davies – Introduction by Dr.A.C. Kemp (Winchester Press, Johannesburg 1984) Àtụ:ISBN
- A Celebration of Birds (Natural History Books, Johannesburg 1990) Àtụ:ISBN