DONA International
E hiwere DONA International (nke bụbu Doulas nke North America) na 1992 ma bụrụkwa nke mbụ na nke kachasị Ike na ụdị nke ukwuu na Doula ọzụzụ na asambodo.[1] Onye Okike nke Anyị mụtara n'aka Jizọs banyere isi oche nke ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị uru ugbu a bụ Nikia Lawson.[2]
Aguguala[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
In the 1980s, Dr. Marshall Klaus, Dr. John H. Kennell, Phyllis Klaus, Penny Simkin, and Annie Kennedy first formed a partnership of doulas and medical professionals.[3][4] Klaus (1927-2017),[5] a neonatologist, and Kennell (1922-2013),[6] a pediatrician, gave credibility to doulas Phyllis Klaus, Simkin, and Kennedy[7] Site na ịkwado ọrụ ha sitere kpọmkwem na nyocha nkeparent-child bonding in the 1960s at Case Western Reserve University.Àtụ:Cn
E guzobere Doulas Of North America (DONA) n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro na 1992 ma nzukọ ahụ bụ nke mbụ n'ụdị ya iji zụọ ma kwado nkwado ọmụmụ na-abụghị nke ọgwụ nke doulas ma gosipụta mmalite nke doulas ọkachamara na amụ amụ na ekwu na ihe ndị mmadụ n'ihe ndị mere n'oge ochie nakwa n'oge kwesịrị mba niile.[3][4] Kennedy (onye guzobere Pacific Association of Labor Support na 1989 na Seattle, WA na Simkin n'akụkụ ọzụzụ doula na Seattle Midwifery School) ghọrọ onye isi oche mbụ nke nzukọ ahụ.[8][7]
N'afọ 2004, a gbanwere aha nzukọ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ DONA International.[3]
Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2016, e nwere puku doulas iri na abụọ na anọ nke ụwa họrọ site n'ime site na nzukọ ahụ.[1]
Ọzụzụ na asambodo[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
DONA International na-enye ọzụzụ na asambodo ọmụmụ na postpartum doula.[9] Iji kwado dị ka doula ọmụmụ, ọmụmụ ihe n'onwe ya bụ iwu, tinyere ịgụ ederede mgbakwunye, ọzụzụ inye ara na agụmakwụkwọ ịmụ nwa, ahụmịhe ndị ahịa, ọzụzụ azụmahịa, edemede, na ntụaka.[10] Ọmụmụ ihe niile nke ndị mmadụ n'ihe ndị mere n'oge ochie nakwa n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị na ụdị nke ụwa họrọ site n'ime ụmụ ndị ikom abụọ n'onwe ya na-akụzi site n'aka ndị na-enye ọzụzụ ndị nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ achọrọ nke gụnyere nkwado mmetụta uche, nkwado anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ usoro nkasi obi, nkwurịta okwu, ntinye aka, ụkpụrụ omume na omume ọkachamara.[11]
Nkwado[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Nkwalite ọrụ Doula na ntụkwasị obi
- Ọdịiche na ikpe na-ezighị ezi
- Ịkwụ ụgwọ ịnshọransị
- Omume iwu
- Nnyocha na nchịkọta data[12]
Ntụaka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Njikọ mpụga[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 About DONA International (en-US). DONA International. Retrieved on 2019-04-09.
- ↑ Leadership and Staff (en-US). DONA International. Retrieved on 2019-04-09.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 History of DONA International (en-US). DONA International (7 August 2014). Retrieved on 2019-04-09.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Simonds (2013-10-23). Laboring On: Birth in Transition in the United States (in en). Routledge. ISBN 9781135939984.
- ↑ Roberts. "Dr. Marshall H. Klaus, Maternity-Ward Reformer, Dies at 90", The New York Times, 2017-08-25. Retrieved on 2019-04-10. (in en-US)
- ↑ Vitello. "John Kennell, Advocate of Infant Bonding, Dies at 91", The New York Times, 2013-09-21. Retrieved on 2019-04-09. (in en-US)
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 DONA International (1992– ) | The Embryo Project Encyclopedia. embryo.asu.edu. Retrieved on 2019-04-09.
- ↑ DONA History: Annie Kennedy. History of DONA International (7 August 2014). Retrieved on 10 August 2020.
- ↑ Become a Doula (en-US). DONA International. Retrieved on 2019-04-09.
- ↑ Become a Birth Doula – Certification (en-US). DONA International. Retrieved on 2019-04-09.
- ↑ Gilliland (2016). "What Motivates People to Attend Birth Doula Trainings?". The Journal of Perinatal Education 25 (3): 174–183. DOI:10.1891/1058-1243.25.3.174. ISSN 1058-1243. PMID 30538414.
- ↑ Advocacy (en-US). DONA International. Retrieved on 2019-04-09.