Ebe ala na-agbada
Na geology na geomorphology, ala erosion bụ elu nke nkume ma ọ bụ regolith nke e mepụtara site na erosion ọ bụghị site na owuwu (dịka, ọwa mmiri, nkedo) ma ọ bụ mgbagwoju anya.[1][1] A maara ebe erosional n'ime ihe ndekọ stratigraphic dị ka unconformities, mana ọ bụghị ihe niile na-ekwekọghị bụ ebe erosion e liri. Ebe mbuze na-adịgasị iche iche ma nwee ike ịmepụta ya n'ugwu ma ọ bụ nkume.[2] Karịsịa nnukwu ma dị larịị na-enweta aha nke peneplain, paleoplain, planation surface ma ọ bụ pediplain. Ihe atụ nke mbuze bụ mbuze n'elu ụzọ nke sitere na ihe okike na nke mmadụ kpatara. Enwere ike ịlele ala erosion site na usoro nyocha ihu na ihu na usoro nyocha na-apụtaghị ìhè, nke na-abụghị njikọ.
Mbipu n'elu okporo ụzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Dị nnọọ ka ugwu na nkume, erosion nwekwara ike ime n'okporo ụzọ ndị a na-akparaghị ókè n'ihi ihe okike na ihe ndị mmadụ kpatara. Snow, mmiri ozuzo na ifufe nwere ike ịkpata mbuze n'elu ụzọ.[3] Ihe onwunwe na mmiri nke elu okporo ụzọ, ndagwurugwu okporo ụzọ, okporo ụzọ, iwu, na mmezi nwekwara ike imetụta ọnụego mbuze okporo ụzọ. N'oge oyi, snow na-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ erosion belata site na igbochi njikọ kpọmkwem n'etiti mmiri ozuzo na elu ụzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ugwu Idaho, US, snow na-ada na-erughị 10% ebe mmiri ozuzo na-eme ka 90% nke ngụkọta mmepụta ala kwa afọ n'elu okporo ụzọ.[4] Na mgbakwunye na ihe ndị sitere n'okike, ọnụ ọgụgụ okporo ụzọ dị elu nwekwara ike ime ka ọnụego mbuze okporo ụzọ dị ngwa. Mgbaghara nke ụgbọ ala na-agagharị nwere ike iduga n'ịkụkọta na abrasion, si otú a mebie ihe ndị siri ike n'elu okporo ụzọ. Ndagwurugwu dị elu bụ ihe ọzọ dị mkpa na mbuze elu - okporo ụzọ ndị dị elu na-enwekarị ọnụego mbuze dị elu.
Nlele nke ala erosion[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
E nwere ụdị ụzọ abụọ iji tụọ ọnụego mgbanwe elu: ụzọ nyocha ihu na ihu, ụzọ nyocha kọntaktị na ụzọ nyocha na-abụghị kọntökutị.[5] Enwere ike ịtụle ihe ndị a maka ihe dị iche iche dị na nkume ma ọ bụ maka ụdị nkume dị iche iche. Enwere ike ịlele ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndalata elu nkume site na iji ebe ntụaka ma ọ bụ ụgbọ elu ntụaka ma tụọ anya dị n'etiti ebe ndị ahụ na ụgbọ elu kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ. A pụkwara ịlele ọnụ ọgụgụ mbuze nke nkume site na iji Micro-Erosion Meter (MEM). A na-etinye ngwá ọrụ triangular a na studs atọ nke a na-ejikọta kpamkpam n'elu nkume iji nye ebe a na-atụle ya. A na-eji mgbatị nke nyocha ahụ iji tụọ erosion. Ụzọ ndị na-apụtaghị ìhè, ndị na-abụghị ndị na-emetụ aka na-agụnye nyocha laser na photogrammetry dijitalụ.[6] Ọ bụ ezie na nyocha laser chọrọ ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara na ngwá ọrụ dị oke ọnụ, enwere ike iji foto ugboro ugboro na foto dijitalụ iji nweta data maka ndị nchọpụta nwere obere mmefu ego.
Ihe odide[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lidmar-Bergström. erosionsyta (sv). Nationalencyclopedin. Cydonia Development. Retrieved on June 22, 2015.
- ↑ Toy (2002). Soil erosion : processes, prediction, measurement, and control. New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0471383694. OCLC 48223694.
- ↑ Reichenberger (2007). "Mitigation strategies to reduce pesticide inputs into ground- and surface water and their effectiveness; A review". Science of the Total Environment 384 (1): 1–35. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.04.046. ISSN 0048-9697. PMID 17588646.
- ↑ Fu (2009). "A review of surface erosion and sediment delivery models for unsealed roads". Environmental Modelling & Software 25 (1): 1–14. DOI:10.1016/j.envsoft.2009.07.013. ISSN 1364-8152.
- ↑ Moses (2014). "Methods for measuring rock surface weathering and erosion: A critical review". Earth-Science Reviews 135: 141–161. DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.04.006. ISSN 0012-8252.
- ↑ Vrieling (2006). "Satellite remote sensing for water erosion assessment: A review". CATENA 65 (1): 2–18. DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2005.10.005. ISSN 0341-8162.