Elma Lewis
Elma Ina Lewis (Septemba 15, 1921 – Jenụwarị 1, 2004) bụ onye nkuzi nka nka na onye nna National Center of Afro-American Artists na Elma Lewis School of Fine Arts . Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị nnata mbụ nke MacArthur Fellows Grant, na 1981, wee nweta Nrite Onye isi ala maka Arts site n'aka Onye isi ala Ronald Reagan na 1983. Ọ bụkwa onye na-enye Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority.[1] [2] [3]
Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
[4]gidan Lewis na September 15, 1921 na Boston nye nne na nna Clairmont na Edwardine Lewis ndị si Barbados kwaga. [1] [2] Lewis nwere ike nwoke abụọ, Darnley na George site na ozi na nke mbụ nke nne ya. [3] Ọ gara Ruggles Street Nursery School na 1924 ebe a gwara ya na IQ ya dị elu ihe ka ọ ga-adị mgbe o tolitere. Ncheta ahụ dị ya n'obi, ọ ga-emekwa ka ọ ụmụaka ụlọ akwụkwọ nke ya ma emechaa. Nne na nna ya bụ ndị na-eso Marcus Garvey bụ ndị echiche ya na-ekwu maka nganga ya na mkpọsa omenala Africa. [4] Lewis gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ndekọ Roxbury Memorial maka ụmụ anụmanụ ebe ọ il olu, piano na ịgba egwu. [5] Ọ bụ ọrụ site na akwụkwọ site n'ime ihe nkiri ihe nkiri mpaghara wee gụchaa na Emerson College (BLI, 1943), na akwụkwọ edemede Mahadum Boston (M.Ed., 1944). Mgbe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Boston, Lewis -usoro usoro iji okwu na Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Ọgwụgwụ New England, na Ọgwụgwụ Habit nke Boston. Ọ kuziri ịgba egwu na ihe nkiri na Cambridge Community Center na nka nka na Harriet Tubman House . [1] Mgbe ọ dị afọ 23, Lewis na ndị alaka ya si na Dudley street dị na Roxbury kwaga n'otu ụlọ dị n'okporo ụzọ ámá Homestead ebe o bi ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ. Na 1951, nne Lewis, Edwardine nwụrụ. Nwanne ya nwoke Darnley wee banye n'ime ụlọ dị n'okpuru ụlọ ya na-enye na ụmụ ya.
Nkuzi nka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Ụlọ akwụkwọ Elma Lewis nke Fine Arts (ELSFA)[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Na 1950 Lewis hibere ụlọ akwụkwọ Elma Lewis nke Ọma nka iji nye nkuzi maka ndị obodo Africa-America na Boston na mmemme zuru oke n'ofe nka na nka. Usoro nkuzi n'akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ahụ lekwasịrị anya n'ịwulite agwa na nkuzi nka dị iche site na iche echiche na ihe ngosi. Akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ya dọtara ọtụtụ ndị na-ekwu nzaghachi elu na nka nka nke rụpụtara mmemme siri ike. N'oge ọ kacha elu, ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ debara aha ụmụ akwụkwọ 700 ma were 100 ndị nkuzi were ọrụ. [1] Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị akwụkwọ akwụkwọ n'akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ahụ gara n'ihu n'ahụ ndị na-aga nke ọma. Ọtụtụ ndị na-ekwu na aha ụlọ akwụkwọ Lewis bụ omenala ike nke oge ahụ. Boston nsogbu nsogbu nbibi n'etiti 1970s ka ụlọ akwụkwọ nyere iwu ka ndị ụlọ akwụkwọ nyere iwu. [2] N'ihi nsogbu ego, ndebanye aha na ụlọ akwụkwọ na-amalite ibelata. [3] Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke orụ na nsogbu ego, na n'ihi ụtụ isi, e mechibidoro ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na 1997. [4]
National Center of Afro-American Artists (NCAAA)[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Lewis hiwere National Center of Afro-American Artists nke jere ozi dị ka nche anwụ maka ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, otu nka mpaghara na ebe ngosi nka. [1] Saịtị ahụ nke leghaara Franklin Park anya, bụbu Temple Mishkan Tefila na ụlọ akwụkwọ dị nso. E nyefere ya n'aka Lewis nke ndị ọrụ ebere ndị Juu haziri dịka nke usoro ndị Juu na-ahapụ obodo Boston. Tupu fim a, ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ agafeela ọtụtụ ebe ike nsogbu ego. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1980, etiti ahụ ji denyere ruru $720,000. [2] Mmepụta kwa afọ nke nwa afọ ojii Langston Hughes ihe dị mkpa nke iwu a ma Lewis n'onwe ya na-eduzi ya kwa afọ.
Mmemme ihe nkiri nka nka[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Lewis pinka Nka na ẹzẹ na Massachusetts Correctional Institute. Ndị na-ekiri 750 nọ n'ahụ anya Norfolk bụ ndị debanyere aha na mmemme ahụ gosiri ihe ngosi na-egosi nkà dịka nhazi egwu. Na 1972, akwụkwọ bụ́ “mụ buru ibu? Voices ojii sitere na Norfolk Prison , " na-akụkọ egwu ha, yana ọrụ nke ndị odee/ndị ihe iri, ji okwu nke Lewis akwụkwọ..
Mgbe e mesịrị ndụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Onyinye na mmekọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A Lewis onye otu ndị American Academy of Arts and Sciences na 1977. [1] O ji aka n'ịkwalite omenala ndị America site n'ụdị nka. Ọ jere ozi dị ka onye otu bọọdụ maka òtù dị iche iche, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Congressional Black Caucus, Metropolitan Cultural Alliance, na NAACP [2] Lewis abịara Commonwealth, Massachusetts' kasị elu award na nka, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. egwu egwu egwu ihe nke nta ka ọ doctorate iri atọ sitere na mahadum dị iche iche. [3] N'October 2003, National Visionary Leadership Project na emume na Washington's JF Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, aha ya bụ Miss Lewis, na-egosi Ray Charles na John Hope Franklin, dị ka "Elder Vision." [4] A na-echeta ya n'okporo ụzọ Heritage Women's Boston. [5] N'afọ 1973, Lewis overya $350,000 sitere na ntọala Rockefeller iji kwalite ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ wee agbalị nke ndị ọrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. [6] N'afọ 1981, Lewis nwere ihe nchekwa nke John D. na Catherine MacArthur Foundation. Onyinye a bụ nke mmemme awụ ise ebe a ga-enye 21 MacArthur Prize Fellows ego kwa afọ maka mmezu ha na ihe ihe. [7] Na 1983 ọ natara nrite onye isi ala maka nka site n'aka Onye isi ala Reagan. N'afọ 1986, Lewis, ndụmọdụ nturu ugo eze site na National Council for Culture and Art. Kwa afọ, Kansụl na-enye mmadụ akara maka mmezu ndụ ndụ n'ime ihe ngosi na nka [5]
Ntinye aka obodo[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
A bịara mara Lewis dị ka Grande Dame of Arts na Roxbury n'ihi ụlọ akwụkwọ ya, ihe ọ rụpụtara n'ịrụ nka, yana itinye aka na obodo ya. [6] Lewis na-eme njem na gburugburu ụwa na-ekwukarị okwu na ogbako ma mee ka ọ mara ọnọdụ omenala ndị America na America yana ahụmahụ ya n'ịgba NCAAA.
Na 1980, ngwa na Lewis nwere ọrịa shuga. Ɔ gara n'ihu na-ebute ụzọ mmemme omenala na Boston niile. Ọ bụrụ ụlọ egwuregwu Elma Lewis na Franklin Park n'oge nwaadị nke na-anya ndị nka dịka Duke Ellington na Arthur Fiedler . Ọ gara n'ihu ọgwụ mgbochi mkpochapụ na-abụ irighiri ihe na ngwa ọgwụ na Franklin Park. Egwuregwu Elma Lewis ka aha Elma Lewis Theatre na Franklin Park na 2003
Na September 1996, Roxbury nabatara ekele maka “Grande Dame,” nke bụ emume ụbọchị ọnwụ nke mmezu na ndụ Lewis. Ɔka ihe omume n'Ebe gburugburu obodo ahụ wee dọta ndị otu a ma ama asị onye na-ede uri Maya Angelou na onye ọrịa UN. Lewis nsogbu inwe siri ike nke ọrịa shuga. Maka ụbọchị ọnwụ nke 76, ọ chị akwụkwọ, foto, ndetu egwu, na ihe na-edozi ndị ọzọ iji nye Mahadum Northeast maka ebe nchekwa ndụ.
Ọnwụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Na Jenụwarị 1, 2004, Elma Lewis nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 82 n'ụlọ ya na Boston site na nsogbu akpa ume sitere na ọrịa shuga.
- ↑ "Historical Note." Archives and Special Collections Finding Aids: Elma Ina Lewis Papers. Northeastern University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections. Web. Accessed 21 May 2014.
- ↑ Kahn. "Arts leader Elma Lewis dead at 82", Boston.com, 2004-01-02. Retrieved on 2014-05-21.
- ↑ Dunning. "Elma Lewis, 82, Arts Educator And Mentor", The New York Times, 2004-01-26. Retrieved on 2014-05-22.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Marcus, Jon. “At 75, Activist Reflects on Life's Work Promoting Black Culture.” Los Angeles Sentinel, 14 Aug. 1997, p. A16. Oct 26 2017. Subscription required.
- ↑ NCCA Award "NCCA Salutes Simon Estes, Elma Lewis." New York Amsterdam News (1962-1993): 30. Sep 13 1986. Web. 30 Oct. 2017 . Subscription required.
- ↑ MacArthur Fellows Grant Abdul, Raoul. "Elma Lewis: Recipient of $54,000 'Genius' Grant." New York Amsterdam News (1962-1993): 30. Jun 20 1981. Web. 30 Oct. 2017 Subscription required.