Enweghị ike itinye aka
Ọdịmma gbadoro anya bụ okwu gbasara mmekọrịta ọha na eze maka agbataobi nwere pasentị dị elu nke ndị bi na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba dị ala. A na-akọwapụta ya dị ka pasentị nke ezinụlọ dị na traktị ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị nwere nnukwu ọnweghị ọghọm gbadoro ụkwụ. [1]
Mkpakọrịta na mmetụta[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Achọpụtala mwepu gbadoro anya na ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na ọnụego igbu ọchụ ma na-ebelata ohere nke imecha ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị . [1] [2] Achọtakwala ezigbo mkpakọrịta n'etiti mwepu agbadoro anya na ọnụ ọgụgụ ime ihe ike n'ozuzu ya; A na-agbazi mmekọrịta a site na mkpokọta nrụpụta ọrụ . [3] Enwekwara ihe akaebe na-egosi na ndị ọrụ ụlọ ikpe na-eto eto na-ahụta agbataobi ndị nwere nsogbu dị ka ihe dị ize ndụ karị, yabụ na ọ naghị adị mfe ịhapụ ndị ntorobịa n'ógbè ndị dị otú ahụ n'ime obodo ha. [4] A na-akwalite mmepe ụmụaka nke ọma na agbataobi nwere ihe ọghọm na akụ na ụba ruru nha anya . [5]
Mgbakọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Dịka otu usoro siri dị, a na-agbakọ mwepu agbadoro dabere na metrik ise. Metiriks ndị a bụ:
- Pasent nke ndị nọ n'okpuru ịda ogbenye
- Pasent nke ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na enyemaka ọha
- Pasent ndị nne na nna,
- Pasent enweghị ọrụ, na
- Pasent na-erughị afọ 18. [6] Akụkụ ọzọ nke mwepu gbadoro ụkwụ na-adabere na "nnata ọdịmma, ịda ogbenye, enweghị ọrụ, ezinụlọ ndị nwanyị na-achị, agbụrụ agbụrụ (pasent ojii), na njupụta nke ụmụaka." [7]
Edensibia[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wodtke (2011-10-01). "Neighborhood Effects in Temporal Perspective: The Impact of Long-Term Exposure to Concentrated Disadvantage on High School Graduation" (in en). American Sociological Review 76 (5): 713–736. DOI:10.1177/0003122411420816. ISSN 0003-1224. PMID 22879678.
- ↑ Becker (2016-03-01). "The Dynamics of Neighborhood Structural Conditions: The Effects of Concentrated Disadvantage on Homicide over Time and Space" (in en). City & Community 15 (1): 64–82. DOI:10.1111/cico.12152. ISSN 1540-6040.
- ↑ Sampson (1997-08-15). "Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy" (in en). Science 277 (5328): 918–924. DOI:10.1126/science.277.5328.918. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 9252316.
- ↑ Rodriguez (2013-05-01). "Concentrated Disadvantage and the Incarceration of Youth: Examining How Context Affects Juvenile Justice" (in en). Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 50 (2): 189–215. DOI:10.1177/0022427811425538. ISSN 0022-4278.
- ↑ Carpiano (2009-08-01). "Concentrated affluence, concentrated disadvantage, and children's readiness for school: A population-based, multi-level investigation". Social Science & Medicine 69 (3): 420–432. DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.05.028. PMID 19540643.
- ↑ Life Course Indicator: Concentrated Disadvantage. Association of Maternal & Child Health Programs. Archived from the original on 2022-01-20. Retrieved on 2024-04-10.
- ↑ Sampson (2008-01-22). "Durable effects of concentrated disadvantage on verbal ability among African-American children" (in en). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105 (3): 845–852. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0710189104. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 18093915.