Ezé

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'ezé' (<agbà about="#mwt9" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"plural form","href":"./Template:Plural_form"},"params":{},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwEQ" title="plural form" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:ExpandedAttrs">PL: ezé) bụ ihe siri ike, nkè a na-ahụ n'ọnụ (mà ọ bụ ọṅụ) nkè ọtụtụ anụmanụ nwèrè azụ mà jírí yá ịta ata nri. Ụmụ anụmanụ ụfọdụ, ọkachasị ndị na-eri aṅụ ná ndị na-er ìhè niile, na-ejikwa ezé enyere áká ijide mà ọ bụ merụọ aṅụ oriri, ịdọwa nri, màkà ebumnuche nchebe, iji menye anụmanụ ndị ọzọ égwú mgbè nílé gụnyere nkè há, mà ọ bụ oburu aṅụ oriri ma ọ bụ ụmụ há. Mgbọrọgwụ ezé na-ekpuchi ezé. Ezé anaghị eji ọkpụkpụ eme, kama ọ bụ ọtụtụ aṅụ áhụ dịgasị iche iche ná ike nkè sitere ná mpụga embryonic germ layer, ectoderm.

Ọdịdị ezé n'ozuzu ya yiri n'ofe vertebrates, ọ bụ ezie na enwere nnukwu ọdịiche n'ụdị na ọnọdụ ha. ezé nke anụ na-enye nwa ara nwere mgbọrọgwụ miri emi, a na-ahụkwa usoro a na azụ ụfọdụ, na Agụ iyi. Otú ọ dị, n'ọtụtụ azụ teleost, ezé na-ejikọta n'elu ọkpụkpụ ahụ, ebe n'ime ezé, a na-ejikarị ya n'ime agbà n'otu akụkụ. [1]'ime azụ cartilaginous, dị ka sharks, ezé na-ejikọta site na nkwonkwo siri ike na hoops nke cartilage nke na-eme ka agbà.

Monophyodonts bụ anụmanụ na-etolite naanị otu ezé, ebe diphyodonts na-eto ezé mbụ na ezé na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na ezé ndị na-adịgide adịgide ma ọ bụ "ndị okenye". Polyphyodonts na-eto ọtụtụ ụdị ezé. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, sharks, na-eto ezé ọhụrụ kwa izu abụọ iji dochie ezé ndị e mebiri emebi. Ọtụtụ anụmanụ na-enye nwa ara gụnyere ụmụ mmadụ bụ diphyodonts, mana enwere ndị ọzọ gụnyere enyí, kangaroos, na manatees, ha niile bụ polyphyodonts.

Igwe ndị na-agba ịnyịnya na-eto ma na-emebi mgbe niile site na iri nri, nke na-enyere aka ịnọgide na-adịtụghị ogologo. Ụlọ ọrụ nke beaver bụ n'ihi otu akụkụ nke iru eru a. [2] ụmụ oke [3] ka voles na guinea pigs, mana ọ bụghị òké, yana leporidae dị ka cone, na-aga n'ihu na-eto eto na mgbakwunye na incisors. [4], ezé (n'ime anụ na-enye nwa ara) na-eto ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndụ ya niile.

Ezé anaghị ejikọta na agbà mgbe niile, dịka ha dị na anụ na-enye nwa ara. N'ọtụtụ Anụ ndị na-akpụ akpụ na azụ, ezé na-ejikọta na ọnụ ma ọ bụ n'ala ọnụ, na-emepụta ahịrị ndị ọzọ n'ime ndị dị na agbà. Ụfọdụ teleosts nwere ọbụna ezé n'ime akpịrị. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị ezigbo ezé n'echiche a na-ahụkarị, ezé akpụkpọ ahụ nke sharks fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ọdịdị ma nwee ike ịnwe otu mmalite evolushọn ahụ. [1]'ezie, ezé yiri ka ọ malitere na sharks, a naghị ahụkwa ya na azụ ndị na-enweghị agbà - ebe lampreys nwere ihe ndị yiri ezé n'ire, ndị a bụ n'ezie, nke keratin, ọ bụghị dentine ma ọ bụ enamel, ma ọ nweghị njikọ na ezé. [5][6] bụ ezie na achọtawo ihe ndị yiri ezé "nke oge a" nwere dentine na enamel na conodonts oge ochie, a na-eche ugbu a na ha malitere n'onwe ha site na ezé vertebrates.

Anụ ndị bi n'ala na n'ala nwere obere ezé, ma ọ bụ enweghị ezé ọ bụla, ebe ọ bụ na ha na-eri naanị nri dị nro. N'ime anụ ndị na-akpụ akpụ, ezé na-adịkarị mfe ma nwee ọdịdị conical, ọ bụ ezie na enwere ụfọdụ ọdịiche n'etiti ụdị dị iche iche, ọkachasị ezé agwọ na-egbu egbu. A na-ahụ usoro nke incisors, canines, premolars na molars naanị na anụ na-enye nwa ara, na n'ụzọ dịgasị iche iche, na ndị nna nna ha evolushọn. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụdị ezé ndị [1] dịgasị iche iche n'etiti ụdị; ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ anụmanụ na-eji usoro ezé eme ihe iji kọwaa usoro ziri ezi n'ìgwè ọ bụla.

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Romer, Alfred Sherwood (1977). The Vertebrate Body. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International, 300–310. ISBN 978-0-03-910284-5. Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977). The Vertebrate Body. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 300–310. ISBN 978-0-03-910284-5.
  2. ↑ Hunt AM (1959). "A description of the molar teeth and investing tissues of normal guinea pigs". J. Dent. Res. 38 (2): 216–31. DOI:10.1177/00220345590380020301. PMID 13641521. Hunt AM (1959). "A description of the molar teeth and investing tissues of normal guinea pigs". J. Dent. Res. 38 (2): 216–31. doi:10.1177/00220345590380020301. PMID 13641521. S2CID 45097018.
  3. ↑ (March 2003) "Root or crown: a developmental choice orchestrated by the differential regulation of the epithelial stem cell niche in the tooth of two rodent species". Development 130 (6): 1049–57. DOI:10.1242/dev.00332. PMID 12571097. Tummers M, Thesleff I (March 2003). "Root or crown: a developmental choice orchestrated by the differential regulation of the epithelial stem cell niche in the tooth of two rodent species". Development. 130 (6): 1049–57. doi:10.1242/dev.00332. PMID 12571097.
  4. ↑ Nasoori (2020). "Tusks, the extra-oral teeth". Archives of Oral Biology 117. DOI:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104835. PMID 32668361. Nasoori, Alireza (2020). "Tusks, the extra-oral teeth". Archives of Oral Biology. 117: 104835. doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104835. PMID 32668361. S2CID 220585014.
  5. ↑ nature.com, Fossil scans reveal origins of teeth, 16 October 2013
  6. ↑ McCOLLUM (July 2001). "Evolution and development of teeth". Journal of Anatomy 199 (1–2): 153–159. DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910153.x. PMID 11523817. McCOLLUM, MELANIE; SHARPE, PAUL T. (July 2001). "Evolution and development of teeth". Journal of Anatomy. 199 (1–2): 153–159. doi:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910153.x. PMC 1594990. PMID 11523817.
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