Ezigbo ahia koko
Ezi ahịa koko bụ ngwa ahịa ụgbọ a n'ewepụta site na osisi koko site na iji Ụsoro a kwadoro nke ndị ọrụ ụgbọ koko, ndị n'azụ ahịa, na ndị n'emepụta chokọleetị n'agbaso, a n'emekwa ya iji mepụta ego n'adịgide adịgide maka ndị ọrụ ụgbọ na ezinụlọ ha.[1][2] Ụlọ ọrụ ndị n'eji ezigbo ahịa akị bekee iji mepụta ngwa ahịa nwere ike ịkpọsa na ha n'enye aka na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, akụ na ụba, na Nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi n'ọrụ ụgbọ.
N'afọ ndị 1990, a n'emepụta otu pasentị nke koko n'ụwa n'obere ụgbọ ezinụlọ, ọkachasị na odịda anyanwụ Afrịka na Latin Amerika. Ndị n'anakọta ihe na ndị n'anọchite anya obodo n'azụta ma n'ebugharị koko na ndị na'ahịa. Ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ ụgbọ amaghị ebe ikpeazụ ha na uru ha bara.[3] Ọnụahịa dị ala na mkpa n'arịwanye elu maka fatịlaịza n'akpatakarị ụkọ ndị ọrụ, n'eduga n'ọrụ ohu n'ọtụtụ mba ndị dị n'ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Afrịka na mmepụta koko. [citation needed]
E mepụtara asambodo koko ahịa ziri ezi iji merie nsogbụ ndị a. Max Havelaar Foundation nke mba Netherlands haziri asambodo azụmahịa mbụ nke ngwa ahịa koko n'afọ 1994. Ngwa ahịa ahụ bụ Green & Black's Maya Gold Chocolate, nke e ji koko si Belize mee. Max Havelaar Foundation bụkwa akara asambodo Fair trade mbụ. Ntọala Dutch etinyela onwe ya ugbu a n'ime Fairtrade International (FLO), otu n'enweghị uru nwere mba 25 so na ya n'eji akara asambodo azụmahịa ziri ezi.
N'afọ 2002, Fair Trade mba USA, nke e debanyere aha ya n'oge ahụ na Fair Trade International (FLO), malitere ịkwado ngwa ahịa koko n'ere na mba United Steeti.[4] N'onwa Septemba n'afọ 2011, Fair Trade mba USA kewara na Fair Trade International (FLO). [4]
N'afọ 2001, usoro isiokwụ ndị Sudarsan Raghavan, Sumana Chaterjee, na ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi Knight Ridder bipụtara na mba United Steetị mere ka ọha mara ọrụ mmanye na mmepụta koko. Ha gụnyere ajụjụ ọnụ na ndị a n'ere ahịa ụmụaka maka mmepụta koko. N'ịhụ na United Steetị nwere iwụ megide mbubata ngwa ahịa ndị e mepụtara site na iji ọrụ ohu, onye omeiwu Eliot Engel na Senator Tom Harkin tụrụ aro ka ha mee ka akara "n'enweghị ohu" maka chocolate. Ụlọ ọrụ koko nke United Steetị gbara mbọ megide nke a, a belatara atụmatụ akara iwụ ka ọ bụrụ usoro afọ ofufo. N'okpụrụ usoro a, nke a maara dị ka Harkin-Engel Protocol, ndị n'emepụta chokoleetị kwere nkwa na ka ọ n'erule ụbọchị 1 n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2005, ha ga-eji "ụkpụrụ ... kwekọrọ na iwụ gọọmentị etiti, nke n'ahụ na emepụtala agwa koko na ngwa ahịa ha n'enweghị ụdị ọrụ ụmụaka kachasị njọ. "[5]
Nnukwu nnyocha nke mbipụta ahụ n'afọ 2016, nke e bipụtara na magazin Fortune na mba US, kwubiri na ihe dị ka nde ụmụaka 2.1 na odida anyanwụ Afrika "ka n'arụ ọrụ dị ize ndụ na nke n'atụ ụtụ isi nke owuwe ihe ụbi koko". Akụkọ ahụ nwere obi abụọ ma enwere ike imeziwanye ọnọdụ ahụ.
- ↑ Guide to buying Fair Trade chocolate. CanadianLiving.com. Archived from the original on 2 May 2015. Retrieved on 9 June 2015.
- ↑ Peter Oosterveer (25 June 2012). Food, Globalization and Sustainability. Routledge, 117–. ISBN 978-1-136-52962-7.
- ↑ What's Fairer than Fair Trade? Try Direct Trade with Cocoa Farmers. Yes! Magazine. Retrieved on 9 June 2015.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Fair Trade Certification for Producers. Fair Trade Certified. Archived from the original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved on 29 September 2021.
- ↑ Cocoa sustainability goals should not exclude suppliers. Confectionery News. Retrieved on 9 June 2015.