Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim

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Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim
Mmádu
ụdịekerenwanyị Dezie
mba o sịSudan Dezie
Aha enyereFatima Dezie
Ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya1932 Dezie
Ebe ọmụmụOmdurman, Khartoum Dezie
Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya12 Ọgọọst 2017 Dezie
Ebe ọ nwụrụLondon Dezie
Dị/nwunyeAlshafi Ahmed Elshikh Dezie
Ọrụ ọ na-arụonye na-akwado ikike mmadụ, Onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, women's rights activist, Odee akwụkwọ, Onye ntaakụkọ Dezie
Ọkwá o jimember of parliament Dezie
onye otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchịSudanese Communist Party Dezie
okpukpere chi/echiche ụwaOkpukpere Alakụba Dezie
Ihe nriteIbn Rushd Prize for Freedom of Thought Dezie
nnọchiaha nkeonweL484 Dezie

 

Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim (Arabic; c. ) bụ onye edemede Sudanese, onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru ụmụ nwanyị na onye ndú nke ndị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.[1]

Oge ọ malitere[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A mụrụ Ibrahim na Khartoum. Akụkọ na-enye ụbọchị a mụrụ ya n'ụzọ dị iche iche dị ka 20 Disemba 1928, ma ọ bụ na 1932 ma ọ bụ 1933.[2][3][4] O sitere n'ezinụlọ gụrụ akwụkwọ; nna nna ya bụ onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ Sudan mbụ maka ụmụ nwoke yana Imam na ụlọ alakụba dị n'ógbè ya. Nna Fatima gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Gordon Memorial College ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi. Nne Fatima so n'ọgbọ mbụ nke ụmụ agbọghọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. Fatima tolitere n'oge ndị Anglo-Egyptian Sudan na-achị. A chụpụrụ nna ya n'ịkụzi ihe n'ụlọ akwụkwọ gọọmentị mgbe ọ jụrụ ịkụzi ihe site na iji Bekee.[5] Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị nna ya kụziri na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọzọ.

Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Mgbe ọ malitere na Omdurman Girls' Secondary School, ọ malitere ịkwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị. O mepụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ mgbidi a na-akpọ Elra'edda, ma ọ bụ na Arabic الرائدة ma ọ bụ n'asụsụ Bekee Pioneer Girls. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya lekwasịrị anya na ikike ụmụ nwanyị ma o dekwara na akwụkwọ akụkọ n'oge ahụ ọzọ n'okpuru aha mkpịsị aka.[5] Fatima duziri ọgbaghara ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na Sudan n'ihi na ndị isi ụlọ akwụkwọ ya kpebiri ịkagbu nkuzi sayensị ma jiri nkuzi 'sayensị ezinụlọ' dochie ha. Ọgbaghara ahụ gara nke ọma. Ọrụ ya gafere ụlọ akwụkwọ; na 1947 o guzobere Òtù Ụmụ nwanyị Intellectual, na 1952 ya na ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ rụkọrọ ọrụ ma guzobe Òtù Ụmụnwaanyị Sudan (SWU, Arabic: , transliteration: Aletahad Elnees'y Alsodanni), ebe ya na Fatima Talib na Khalida Zahir jere ozi na kọmitii nduzi.[6] Onye isi oche mbụ nke Union bụ Fatima Talib Isma'il.[7] Òtù ụmụ nwanyị meghere ndị otu ụmụ nwanyị niile nọ na Sudan na SWU meghere alaka na mpaghara dị iche iche na Sudan. Ihe omume nke Women's Union n'oge ahụ, dị ka mmezigharị nke iwu ya na 1954, lekwasịrị anya na ikike ịtụ vootu, ikike ụmụ nwanyị nwere, na ikike ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ndị nnọchiteanya na ụlọ ọrụ iwu, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na nchịkwa niile. Na SWU, ọ rụkwara ọrụ iji guzobe nha nhata na ụmụ nwoke na ụgwọ ọrụ na ọzụzụ teknụzụ, ma nyere aka wepụ amaghị akwụkwọ n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị. N'ihi ebumnuche SWU, esemokwu na ikike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị ka Jabihat El-methaiq elaslami ma ọ bụ Islamic Pledge Front. N'afọ 1955, Fatima ghọrọ onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke Sawat al-Maraa Magazine ma ọ bụ Woman's Voice Magazine (nke Women's Union bipụtara), magazin a mechara rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịkwatu ọchịchị Ibrahim Abboud. Mgbe ọ nọ na magazin ahụ, Ibrahim na onye edemede na-eto eto na onye otu Communist Party, Suad Ibrahim Ahmed nwere esemokwu. Ha ekwekọrịtaghị nke ukwuu banyere ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị, okpukpe na omume ọma na atụmatụ otu. Ọ bụ ezie na Ibrahim kwenyere na enwere ike iji Islam mee ihe dị ka ike na-aga n'ihu megide ndị na-agbaso okpukpe, Ahmed chọrọ ime ka ọgụ ụmụ nwanyị bụrụ nke ụwa. Ahmed chere na ịnọ n'ime usoro Islam ga-amanye ndị na-aga n'ihu ịlụ ọgụ n'ọhịa ndị iro ha.[8][9]

N'afọ 1954, Fatima sonyeere ndị Sudanese Communist Party (SCP), ma n'oge dị mkpirikpi Fatima ghọrọ onye otu Central Committee nke SCP (SCP bụ ndị Sudanese Party mbụ nwere usoro ụmụ nwanyị n'ime, kemgbe 1946). N'afọ 1956, Fatima ghọrọ onye isi oche nke Women's Union. Otu n'ime ebumnuche ya bụ maka nnwere onwe nke njikọ ahụ site na njikọ ha na nchịkwa nke SCP, ọ gbasaa ntinye aka nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere nzụlite dị iche iche. N'afọ 1965, a họpụtara Fatima ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu, na-aghọ onye nnọchi anya nwanyị Sudan mbụ.[1] Nsogbu iwu nke sitere na mwepụ iwu na-akwadoghị nke ndị otu SCP a họpụtara site na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na ndị omeiwu Sudan, nke Sadiq al Mahdi duziri, kpatara nnukwu esemokwu n'etiti SCP na Umma Party. N'afọ 1967, Ibrahim bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị anọ a họpụtara na Kọmitii Central nke 33 nke Sudanese Communist Party, tinyere Mahasin Abd al-Aal, Naima Babiker al-Rayah na Suad Ibrahim Ahmed.[8]

N'afọ 1969, mgbe Jaafar Muhammad al-Nemieri weghaara ọchịchị n'ọchịchị ndị agha nke SCP kwadoro, ọrụ nke Women's Union gbasaa ma ụmụ nwanyị nwetara ọtụtụ ikike n'akụkụ dị iche iche. Oge ezumike ezumike n'etiti ndị Sudanese Communist Party na Jaafar al-Nemieri kwụsịrị mgbe nnukwu esemokwu nke dugara na July 1971 na nnupụisi ndị agha nke SCP kwadoro nke Hashim Elatta duziri, mana nnupụchi ahụ dara mgbe ụbọchị ole na ole gachara na Nimiri laghachiri n'ọchịchị, nke dugara n'igbu ndị isi nnupụnụ nke SCP, n'etiti ha bụ Alshafi Ahmed Elshikh onye isi ndị ọrụ na di Fatima. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, e jidere Fatima n'ụlọ ruo ọtụtụ afọ, ma jide ya ọtụtụ ugboro n'oge ọchịchị Nemieri.

N'afọ 1990, Fatima hapụrụ Sudan mgbe Omar Hassan al-Bashir wepụrụ ọchịchị ndị agha, wee sonye na ndị mmegide na mba ọzọ dị ka onye isi oche nke Sudanese Women's Union a machibidoro iwu. N'afọ 1991, a họpụtara Fatima ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche nke Women's International Democratic Federation. Ọ laghachiri Sudan n'afọ 2005 mgbe nkwekọrịta dị n'etiti gọọmentị na ndị mmegide, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya na nzuko omebe iwu na-anọchite anya SCP. Nwanne ya nwoke bụkwa onye edemede ma tinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Salah Ahmed Ibrahim, o nwere otu nwa nwoke site n'aka di ya Elshafi, aha ya bụ Ahmed.[5]

Ọ lara ezumike nká n'ọchịchị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'afọ 2011.[1] Ọ nwụrụ na London na 12 Ọgọst 2017, mgbe ọ dị afọ 84, e mekwara emume olili ozu ya na Khartoum na 16 Ọgọust.[10][11]

Onyinye[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Onyinye UN maka ihe ịga nke ọma pụtara ìhè n'ọhịa nke ikike mmadụ.(1993)
  • Ihe nrite Ibn Rushd maka nnwere onwe nke echiche maka afọ 2006 na Berlin.

Ọrụ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  • Hassadanna Khill'al Ashroon A'mm'a, Arabic compromisادنا yaq yaqhe: "Owuwe Ihe Anyị Owu n'ime Afọ Iri Abụọ". Khartoum: Sudanese Women's Union Press, n.d.
  • Tariqnu ila el-Tuharur (Ụzọ Anyị Na-aga Nnwere Onwe). (n.d.Ọ dị iche iche
  • el-Mara el-Arabiyya wal Taghyir el-Ijtimai, Arabic المرأة العربية والت__kon____kon____kon__ ma ọ bụ Arab Women and Social Change. 1986
  • Holla Gadie'a alahoal al-shekhssia, Arabic胡 قضايا الأحوال__hau____hau____hau__ ma ọ bụ Personal Status Affairs.
  • Gadie'a Alm'ar'a el-A'mela Al-sodania, Arabic قضايا المرأة العاملة السودانية, ma ọ bụ The Affairs of Sudanese Workers Women's.
  • An'a Awaan Eltageir Lakeen!,Arabic !آن آوان الت__ilo____ilo____ilo__ ma ọ bụ Ọ bụ Oge Mgbanwe ma!
  • Atfallana we'l Re'aia El-sehi'a, Arabic أ Arab Arab أ Beleseنا وال softاية الصحية, ma ọ bụ Ụmụ Anyị na Nlekọta Ahụike.
  • "Arrow na-ezu ike". Na Women in Exile, ed. Mahnaz Afkhami, 191208: University Press of Virginia, 1994.
  • "Mgbalị ndị Sudan na-awakpo ikike ụmụ nwanyị na-eji Islam eme ihe". Africa News 37, nke 5 (1992): 5.

Ebensidee[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Fatima Ahmed retires from Sudanese Communist Party, parliament. Sudan Tribune (19 March 2007). Archived from the original on 2 October 2016. Retrieved on 30 September 2016.
  2. ↑ Malik. "Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim obituary", The Guardian, 21 August 2017. Retrieved on 2020-04-02.
  3. ↑ فاطمة أحمد إبراهيم.. أول برلمانية عربية (ar). Al Jazeera.
  4. ↑ Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim. Oxford Reference. Retrieved on 2020-04-02.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim, MoralHeroes, Retrieved 30 September 2016
  6. ↑ Osman (2014). "Beyond the pan-Africanist agenda: Sudanese women's movement, achievements and challenges" (PDF). Feminist Africa (19). Retrieved on 2019-10-02. 
  7. ↑ A history of Sudanese women organizations and the strive for liberation and empowerment. - Free Online Library. www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved on 2019-12-09.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Magdi El Gizouli. "Suad Ibrahim Ahmed: "I am fighting"", Sudan Tribune, December 31, 2013. Retrieved on April 6, 2020.
  9. ↑ Hale (2016). "Notes on Sudanese Women's Activism, Movements and Leadership", in Sadiqi: Women's Movements in Post-"Arab Spring" North Africa. Palgrave Macmillan. 
  10. ↑ "Veteran Sudanese communist Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim dies aged 84", Radio Tamazuj, Khartoum, 13 August 2017.
  11. ↑ "Sudanese PM expelled from prominent feminist’s funeral", Middle East Monitor, 16 August 2017.

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

Oge ọ malitere ndụ ya[dezie | dezie ebe o si]

A mụrụ ya bu Ibrahim na Khartoum. Akụkọ na-enye ụbọchị a mụrụ ya n'ụzọ dị iche iche dị ka 20 Disemba 1928, ma ọ bụ na afọ 1932 ma ọ bụ na afọ 1933.[1][2][3] O sitere n'ezinụlọ gụrụ akwụkwọ; nna nna ya bụ onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ Sudan nke izizi maka ụmụ nwoke yanakwa Imam na ụlọ alakụba dị n'ógbè ya. Nna Fatima gụsịrị akwụkwọ ma turu ugo na Gordon Memorial College ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi. Nne Fatima so n'ọgbọ ndị mbụ nke ụmụ agbọghọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. Fatima tolitere n'oge ndị Anglo-Egyptian Sudan na-achị obodo A chụpụrụ nna ya n'ịkụzi ihe n'ụlọ akwụkwọ gọọmentị mgbe ọ jụrụ ịkụzi ihe na asụsụ Bekee.[4] Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị nna ya kụziri kwara na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọzọ.

  1. ↑ Malik. "Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim obituary", The Guardian, 21 August 2017. Retrieved on 2020-04-02.
  2. ↑ Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Al Jazeera
  3. ↑ Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ox
  4. ↑ Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named hero
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