Future generations
| obere ụdị nke | generation  |
|---|---|
| kọwara na URL | https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/future-generation |
Ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu bụ ndị a na-eche n'echiche a na-amụbeghị. A na-eme ka ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu dị iche na ọgbọ ndị dị ugbu a na ndị gara aga, ma kpalie ha iji gbaa ume iche echiche banyere ịkwụwa aka ọtọ n'etiti ọgbọ.[1] A na-arụrịta ụka banyere ndidi omume nke ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu n'etiti ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma, a na-echekwa ya dị ka ihe dị mkpa, nke a na-eleghara anya site n'aka ndị obodo dị irè.[2] A na-ejikarị okwu a akọwa nchekwa ma ọ bụ ndozi nke ihe nketa ọdịbendị ma ọ bụ ihe nketa okike.
Ndị na-ahụ maka nkwado na mmegharị ihu igwe anabatala echiche ahụ dị ka ngwá ọrụ maka itinye ụkpụrụ nke echiche ogologo oge n'ime iwu.[3] A na-ejikọkarị echiche ahụ na echiche ụmụ amaala dị ka ụkpụrụ maka omume gburugburu ebe obibi, dị ka echiche ọgbọ asaa nke ọdịnala obodo Iroquois.[4]
Isi mmalite
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Okwu a na-ezo aka na mmetụta nke ọgbọ dị ndụ ugbu a nwere n'ụwa nke ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu ga-ebi na ya, ụwa ha ga-eketa n'aka ụmụ mmadụ dị ndụ taa. A na-ezo aka n'echiche a na nkọwa kachasị a hotara nke nkwụsi ike dị ka akụkụ nke echiche mmepe na-adịgide adịgide, bụ nke Brundtland Commission nke United Nations n'ọnwa Machị 20, afọ 1987: “mmepe na-adịgide adịgide bụ mmepe nke na-egbo mkpa nke ugbu a n'emebighị ikike nke ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu iji gboo mkpa nke ha.”[5][6]
Ojiji nke ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu na iwu mba ụwa bụ akụkụ nke Charter nke United Nations nke na-elekwasị anya n'igbochi "ihe otiti nke agha" na ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu.[4] Site na mbipụta nke onye odee nke otu UN a kpọrọ Secretary-General n'asụsụ Bekee bụ ihe nhumaama a kpọrọ Our Common Agenda n'ọnwa Septemba nke afọ 2021, enwere mmasị ọhụrụ na nghọta, ime ihe maka, na ịnọchite anya ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu na usoro dị iche iche.[7][8]
Nkwupụta UNESCO
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Akụ na ụba
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọtụtụ ụzọ ndị isi ala na-eche na ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu ga-enwekwu ọganihu.[1] Otú ọ dị, echiche ndị a anaghị egosi - a na-eme ọtụtụ mkpebi akụ na ụba na uru dị mkpirisi n'uche.[3][1]
Ikike iwu nke ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ọtụtụ mmejuputa nke ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu na-elekwasị anya n'itinye ikike na mkpa nke ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu n'iwu, iji nọchite anya ndị na-enweghị ike ikwupụta mkpa ha.[9]
Ọtụtụ mba anwaala itinye ọrụ nye ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu n'iwu. Na Wales, a na-edepụta ọrụ omume a dị ka ọrụ iwu na Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 na ọrụ nke Future Generations Commissioner.[10] Kọmishọna mbụ bụ Sophie Howe gosipụtara ọrụ ahụ, na-atụ aro ọtụtụ iwu ọhụrụ e mere maka iwu na-eche echiche n'ọdịnihu na Wales, gụnyere 2020 Manifesto for the Future .[11] N'otu aka ahụ na Hungary, e guzobere ụlọ ọrụ nke Kọmishọna ndị omeiwu nke Hungary maka ọgbọ n'ọdịnihu na 2008.[12]
Esemokwu ihu igwe
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A na-echebe ikike nke ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu na usoro iwu dịka akụkụ nke ọnọdụ zuru ụwa ọnụ na ikpe ihu igwe.[13] Ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu bụ ndị a na-ebo ebubo na ndị a na-ebo ebubo dị egwu na ikpe afọ 2018 "Future Generations v. Ministry of the Environment and Others" na mba Colombia nke chebere oke ọhịa Amazon maka ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu.[13]
N'omenala a ma ama
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ikike nke ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ihu bụ ihe mkpali maka atụmatụ ụkpụrụ na Kim Stanley Robinson's The Ministry for the Future .[14]
Leekwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Ndị otu ndị omeiwu niile maka ọgbọ ndị ga-abịa n'ọdịnihu
- Ntọala maka ikike nke ọgbọ n'ọdịnihu
- Chee echiche banyere ụmụaka
Ebenside
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Carmody. Considering future generations - sustainability in theory and practice. treasury.gov.au. Retrieved on 2021-03-21.
- ↑ Benjamin Todd. Future generations and their moral significance. 80,000 Hours. Retrieved on 1 March 2010.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kobayashi (2018-05-05). How to represent the interests of future generations now. VoxEU.org. Retrieved on 2021-03-21.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Should we legislate on the right of future generations? (en). Equal Times. Retrieved on 2021-03-21.
- ↑ United Nations General Assembly (1987) Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future. Transmitted to the General Assembly as an Annex to document A/42/427 - Development and International Co-operation: Environment. Retrieved on: 2009-02-15.
- ↑ United Nations General Assembly (March 20, 1987). Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future; Transmitted to the General Assembly as an Annex to document A/42/427 - Development and International Co-operation: Environment; Our Common Future, Chapter 2: Towards Sustainable Development; Paragraph 1. United Nations General Assembly. Retrieved on 1 March 2010.
- ↑ Nations. Our Common Agenda (en). United Nations. Retrieved on 2022-03-13.
- ↑ Future Thinking and Future Generations: Towards A Global Agenda to Understand, Act for, and Represent Future Generations in the Multilateral System (en-US). unfoundation.org. Retrieved on 2022-03-13.
- ↑ Beckerman (2001-05-03). "The Rights of Future Generation", Justice, Posterity, and the Environment. Oxford University Press. DOI:10.1093/0199245088.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-924508-6.
- ↑ Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 (17 June 2015). Retrieved on 31 May 2019.
- ↑ Gregory (12 October 2020). Major study into basic income and shorter week launched by Future Generations Commissioner. Wales247. Retrieved on 18 November 2020.
- ↑ Futurepolicy.org, Hungarian Parliamentary Commissioner for Future Generations, accessed 21 September 2019
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Climate Change and Future Generations Lawsuit in Colombia: Key Excerpts from the Supreme Court's Decision (en-US). Dejusticia (2018-04-13). Retrieved on 2021-03-21.
- ↑ The Ministry for the Future, Green New Deal and CoViD-19 musings | KimStanleyRobinson.info. www.kimstanleyrobinson.info. Retrieved on 2021-03-21.