Galactagogue
A galactagogue, ma ọ bụ galactogogue (site na Grik: γάλα [γαλακτ-], mmiri ara ehi, + ἀγωγός, na-eduga), nke a makwaara dị ka onye na-eme ka ara ma ọ bụ onye na-akwalite mmiri ara n'ime ụmụ mmadụ na anụmanụ ndị ọzọ.[1][2] Ọ nwere ike ịbụ nke aka mere, nke sitere na osisi, ma ọ bụ nke sitere na ya. Enwere ike iji ha mee ka ara na-enye nwa ara na iji gwọọ obere mmiri ara.
Galactagogues ndị aka mere dị ka domperidone na metoclopramide na-emekọrịta ihe na usoro dopamine n'ụzọ ga-eme ka mmepụta nke prolactin dịkwuo elu; ọkachasị, site na igbochi onye na-anabata D2.[3] E nwere ihe akaebe ụfọdụ na-atụ aro na ndị nne na-enweghị ike igbo mkpa inye nwa ara nke ụmụ ha nwere ike irite uru site na galactogogues.[4][5] Enwere ike ịtụle galactagogues mgbe a chọpụtara na ntinye aka na-abụghị nke ọgwụ ezughi oke.[6][7] Dịka ọmụmaatụ, domperidone nwere ike ịbụ nhọrọ maka ndị nne nke ụmụ a mụrụ n'oge na-adịghị anya bụ ndị na-enwe ihe karịrị ụbọchị 14 site na ịmụ nwa na mgbe nkwado zuru oke ka na-enwe nsogbu igosipụta mmiri ara n'ụzọ zuru ezu maka mkpa nwa ha.[8]
Domperidone (dị ka metoclopramide, onye na-anabata D2) anaghị akwado maka ime ka ara dịkwuo mma na USA.[9][10] N'ụzọ dị iche, ntuziaka Australia na-ewere domperidone dị ka galactagogue kachasị mma mgbe usoro ọgwụ na-abụghị nke ọgwụ gosipụtara na ezughi oke.[6] N'adịghị ka metoclopramide, domperidone anaghị agafe ihe mgbochi ọbara na ụbụrụ ma ọ naghị enwe mmetụta ọjọọ dịka ụra ma ọ bụ ịda mbà n'obi.[6]
- Antipsychotics dị ka risperidone, chlorpromazine na sulpiride, n'ihi ikike ha nwere igbochi onye na-anabata D2.[11]
- Mmiri ọgwụ ụfọdụ dị ka oxytocin, hormone na-eto eto (GH), na hormone na-ewepụta thyrotropin (TRH).[11]
A chọpụtala na progestogens dị ka progesterone, medroxyprogesterone acetate, na cyproterone acetate na-emepụta mmepe lobuloalveolar nke ara, nke dị mkpa maka inye ara ka a na-emepụta mmiri ara na lobule ara.[12][13][14]
Ahịhịa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Mkpuruogwu na nri eji eme galactagogues na enwe obere maobu enweghi ihe eji agba ama Maka oru ya, tinyekwa na njirimara na nyocha mkpuruogwu ha gbasara Maka ngwooru a joro na-adighi. Mkpuruogwu a na ahu dika galactagogues gunyere:
- Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus)[15]
- Fenugreek (<i id="mwaQ">Trigonella foenumgraecum</i>)[15][16]
- Torbangun (Coleus amboinicus), which has been used by the Batak people of Indonesia as a galactogogue for hundreds of years.[15][17]
- Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)[15]
- Milk thistle (Silybum marianum);[15] in 2010 the European Food Safety Authority considered and rejected a claim for silybum as a galactagogue because the evidence was deemed insufficient.[Tinye edensibịa]
- Chasteberry (Vitex agnus-castus)[15]
- Goat's rue (Galega officinalis)[15]
- ↑ Gabay (2002). "Galactogogues: Medications that induce lactation". Journal of Human Lactation 18 (3): 274–279. DOI:10.1177/089033440201800311. PMID 12192964.
- ↑ Merriam-Webster: galactogogue
- ↑ (2012) "The use of galactogogues in the breastfeeding mother". Ann Pharmacother 46 (10): 1392–404. DOI:10.1345/aph.1R167. PMID 23012383.
- ↑ (2008) "Infants admitted to neonatal units—interventions to improve breastfeeding outcomes: a systematic review 1990-2007". Matern Child Nutr 4 (4): 235–63. DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8709.2008.00150.x. PMID 18811790.
- ↑ (2012) "Effect of domperidone on insufficient lactation in puerperal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Obstet Gynecol Int 2012: 642893. DOI:10.1155/2012/642893. PMID 22461793.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 (2011) "Breastfeeding—evidence based guidelines for the use of medicines". Aust Fam Physician 40 (9): 684–90. PMID 21894275. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Amir-2011" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ (October 2012) "The use of galactogogues in the breastfeeding mother". Ann Pharmacother 46 (10): 1392–404. DOI:10.1345/aph.1R167. PMID 23012383.
- ↑ (2012) "Medications for increasing milk supply in mothers expressing breastmilk for their preterm hospitalised infants". Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3 (3): CD005544. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD005544.pub2. PMID 22419310.
- ↑ Da Silva (2004). "Domperidone for lactating women". Canadian Medical Association Journal 171 (7): 725–726. DOI:10.1503/cmaj.1041054. PMID 15451832.
- ↑ The Academy Of Breastfeeding Medici (2011). "ABM Clinical Protocol #9: Use of Galactogogues in Initiating or Augmenting the Rate of Maternal Milk Secretion (First Revision January 2011)". Breastfeeding Medicine 6 (1): 41–49. DOI:10.1089/bfm.2011.9998. PMID 21332371.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Zuppa (2010). "Safety and Efficacy of Galactogogues: Substances that Induce, Maintain and Increase Breast Milk Production". Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 13 (2): 162–174. DOI:10.18433/j3ds3r. PMID 20816003.
- ↑ (2007) "Progesterone signaling in mammary gland development". Ernst Schering Found Symp Proc 2007/1 (1): 45–54. DOI:10.1007/2789_2008_075. PMID 18543434.
- ↑ (2014) "Pharmacological overview of galactogogues". Vet Med Int 2014: 602894. DOI:10.1155/2014/602894. PMID 25254141.
- ↑ (January 2000) "Short-term and long-term histologic effects of castration and estrogen treatment on breast tissue of 14 male-to-female transsexuals in comparison with two chemically castrated men". Am J Surg Pathol 24 (1): 74–80. DOI:10.1097/00000478-200001000-00009. PMID 10632490.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 (May 2013) "Systematic review of the efficacy of herbal galactogogues". J Hum Lact 29 (2): 154–62. DOI:10.1177/0890334413477243. PMID 23468043.
- ↑ Chantry (2004). Use of galactogogues in initiating or augmenting maternal milk supply. The Academy Of Breastfeeding Medicine. Archived from the original on 28 June 2007.
- ↑ (2006) "Lactagogue effects of Torbangun, a Bataknese traditional cuisine". Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 15 (2): 267–74. PMID 16672214.